Comparative Evaluation of Push-out Bond Strength of Three Different Root Canal Sealers: An In Vitro Study.

AIM: The aim of this present study was to compare the dislodgement resistance of calcium silicate-based sealer, zinc oxide sealer, and a new sealer combining both zinc oxide and calcium silicate-based sealer in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 60 single-rooted human teeth were instrumented with F3 Protaper Gold. All endodontic canals were filled using gutta percha cones using the cold lateral condensation technique in combination using one of the mentioned sealers (n = 20 per group). The teeth were divided into three groups: group A consisted of Sealite® Ultra, group B consisted of K-Sealer®, and group C consisted of BioRoot® RC. After 2 months of incubation (37°C, 100% humidity) and after cutting out 2 mm from the most apical portion of the root apex, six slices of 1 mm thickness were generated. Mechanical dislodgement resistance was examined using a universal pressure-testing machine and the push-out bond strength (POBS) was calculated. Specimens were examined under 20× magnification to define the bond failure mode. Statistical analysis was executed using ANOVA, post hoc Turkey test for pairwise comparisons and Kruskal-Wallis tests. RESULTS: The POBS of BioRoot® was significantly higher than the POBS of the two other sealers with a mean of 10.54 MPa ± 2.10 and 5.73 MPa ± 2.34, respectively (p < 0.001). Sealite® and K-Sealer® showed similar results in the median and coronal part. K-Sealer® revealed highest POBS compared with Sealite® in the apical part (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The POBS of the zinc oxide and calcium silicate-based sealer was significantly lower compared with calcium silicate. Sealite® and K-Sealer® exhibited almost same results. BioRoot showed the highest POBS of all sealers. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The current study was needed to evaluate the bond strength of three different cements to dentinal walls, by evaluating their respective POBS in vitro. The findings of this study may provide guidance for the clinician in the selection of an adequate endodontic sealer that guarantees an enhanced adhesive seal between the Gutta-percha and the dentinal canal walls. How to cite this article: Makhlouf MP, El Helou JD, Zogheib CE, et al. Comparative Evaluation of Push-out Bond Strength of Three Different Root Canal Sealers: An In Vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(1):15-19.

Sealing Ability of Calcium Silicate-based Materials in the Repair of Furcal Perforations: A Laboratory Comparative Study.

AIM: To assess the sealing ability of two calcium silicate-based materials in the treatment of iatrogenic furcal perforations using a dye-penetration leakage model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Furcation perforations were performed using a size 12 round burr on the pulp chamber floor of 20 first mandibular molars. The teeth were then randomly divided into two groups, two additional molars served as negative controls. The defects were then filled with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) Angelus in the first group and Biodentine in the second group. Leakage at the repaired sites was then evaluated using the methylene blue dye penetration technique. RESULTS: Significant differences in microleakage were found between the two groups at 72 hours (p < 0.001). MTA Angelus had greater dye penetration than Biodentine with a statistically significant difference. Subsequently, the sealing ability of Biodentine was significantly better than MTA Angelus (p < 0.001). However, the mean values of leakage and inadequate adhesion were significantly different from the theoretical value for both the MTA Angelus (p < 0.001) and Biodentine (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The current results suggested that Biodentine possesses higher sealing quality than MTA Angelus. Yet, both materials are not ideal and still need improvement to ensure perfect adhesion in case of furcal perforation. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: This article aims to compare the sealing ability of one dental repair material over another, after iatrogenically producing a furcal perforation. Leakage resistance and sealing ability are important factors in favoring the outcome of an endodontic treatment of a tooth that could otherwise be condemned for extraction.

All-ceramic Computer-aided Design and Computer-aided Manufacturing Restorations: Evolution of Structures and Criteria for Clinical Application.

BACKGROUND: At a time when esthetics is becoming increasingly important in society, the metal-ceramic system, although clinically reliable in the long term, no longer grants satisfaction in terms of mimicry and biocompatibility. Over the last two decades, the growth of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) systems has promoted the development of new all-ceramic materials. However, the abundance and diversity of the suggested materials involved in fixed prosthetic rehabilitation place the practitioner in a situation of conflict regarding the choice of selecting the type of restoration appropriate to the clinical situation presented to him/her. AIM: The aim of this article is to classify the different types of milled ceramics according to their microstructure, to review the clinical indications of each, and to indicate whether they should be cemented or bonded. RESULTS: The diverse sorts of milled ceramics using the CAD/CAM procedures are classified into four categories according to their chemical nature. Therefore, the large constitutional and structural variety of the all-ceramic materials will define the esthetic and mechanical properties of each group. CONCLUSION: The all-ceramic CAD/CAM restorations are witnessing a well-deserved rise, knowing that none of those milled ceramics has a universal clinical application. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Given the abundance and diversity of the new machined ceramics materials, it is necessary to familiarize with their properties as well as with their mode of assembling to the dental structures to ensure the success and durability of the restoration.