[Main results of research reported by the Center's Department of Innovation in Radiotherapy].

The efficacy of multimodality conservative treatment for prostate and bladder cancer and cervical carcinoma was improved due to integration of such modem modalities as intra-arterial chemotherapy, local hyperthermia and hyperglycemia and combination of local and systemic radiomodifiers. Our methods use criteria of actual survival and are intended to raise it.

[Comparative evaluation of dust oncogenicity in asbestos-containing and non-asbestos details]. / Sravnitelnaia otsenka onkogennosti pylei asbestoformovannykh detalei na bezasbestovoi i asbestovoi osnove.

Experiments proved higher carcinogenicity of chrisotyle-asbestos than of dust appearing in mechanical processing of asbestos-containing details and in wearing articulated shoe brakes. Substitution of asbestos for basalt fibers leaves oncologic risk intact among workers engaged into mechanical processing of asbestos-containing brakes. Avoiding asbestos in mixtures for brakes could lower risk. Results support conclusions obtained by cohort studies in Yaroslavl.

[Comparative evaluation of fibrogenesis and toxicity of asbestos-containing heat-proof materials]. / Sravnitelnaia otsenka fibrogennosti i tiksichnosti asbestsoderzhashchikh teploizoliatsionnykh materialov.

The article deals with the results of studies analyzing the fibrogenic activity and toxicity of asbestos-containing heat insulators exemplified by asbestos board, vulcanite and asbestos vermiculite. Physical and chemical parameters of the studied dust are presented. All studied dust types have the distinct fibrogenic activity, the highest one was seen in asbestos board. The studied dust types could be classified according to the acute toxicity: asbestos board (DL50-3.2 +/- 0.09 g/kg), chrysotile asbestos (DL50-2.0 +/- 0.08 g/kg), vulcanite (DL50-1.9 +/- 0.08 g/kg) and asbestos vermiculite (DL50-0.7 +/- 0.04 g/kg). The article touches upon the probable acting mechanism of acute toxicity of asbestos and asbestos-containing dust.

[Sociomedical examination and rehabilitation of patients with tuberculosis]. / Mediko-sotsial'naia ékspertiza i reabilitatsiia bol'nykh tuberkulezom.

The paper provides primary and secondary disability rates during 5 years (1993-1997), derived by the tuberculosis agency of a Moscow sociomedical examination commission. Examination was made mainly in patients with pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis, chronic nonspecific lung diseases, silicosis, cancer, and concomitant diseases of the heart, liver, kidney, etc. There was a rise in primary and secondary disability rates due to the increases of Groups 2 and 3. More than 50% of the patients do not work as unemployment is on the rise in Russia. Group 3 patients were the smallest proportion and temporarily disabled patients were also few.

[Toxicological characteristics and standardization of various poly-metallic oxides]. / Toksikologicheskaia kharakteristika i reglamentatsiia riada polimetallicheskikh oksidov.

Acute toxicity, functional cumulative and local effects of the four ++poly-metallic oxides YBa2Cu3O7, Bi4Sr3O16, Tl2Ca2Cu3O10, Lao,7Sro,3CoO3, were studied in laboratory animals. Parallel experiments on assessment toxicity of the regular oxides of the studied metals in mice were carried out. The major dissolution of metals was shown to occur in acid medium. Thallium-barium-calcium cuprite turned out to be the most toxic and cumulative; it induced the most severe morphologic changes in the liver and kidneys. The least severe disorders caused by this substance were in the rat gastric mucosa and in rabbit eye after a conjunctival injection. Yttrium-barium cuprite induced the most severe changes at the site of injection, lanthanum-strontium cobaltite ranks second here. All copper-containing polymetallic oxides show resorptive toxicity when applied to the skin. Different types of combined toxicity are possible, that is why MACs for the regular oxides can not be used for setting the normal concentrations of ++poly-metallic oxides in air. Estimated toxicometric parameters helped to score the concentrations, which may serve as tentative safe levels of the studies substances.