A Sierra Leone 2021 Midwifery Clinical Training Needs Assessment: A Call to Action to Augment Clinical Precepting.

Objective: Sierra Leone has one of the highest maternal mortality and infant mortality rates globally. We share findings from a Midwifery Clinical Training Needs Assessment, conducted in 2021 as a collaboration between the Government of Sierra Leone and Seed Global Health. The assessment identified existing needs and gaps in midwifery clinical training at health facilities in Sierra Leone from various stakeholders' perspectives. Methods: The descriptive needs assessment utilized mixed methods, including surveys, focus group discussions (FGDs), interviews, and reviews of maternal medical records. Results: The following showed needs and gaps in labor and delivery management; record keeping; triage processes; clinical education for students, recent graduates, and preceptors; and lack of infrastructure and resources. Conclusion: The knowledge gained from this needs assessment can further the development of midwifery clinical training programs in Sierra Leone and other low-income countries facing similar challenges. We discuss the implication of our findings.

Partnering to Build Human Resources for Health Capacity in Africa: A Descriptive Review of the Global Health Service Partnership's Innovative Model for Health Professional Education and Training From 2013-2018.

Several Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) (3, 16, 17) point to the need to systematically address massive shortages of human resources for health (HRH), build capacity and leverage partnerships to reduce the burden of global illness. Addressing these complex needs remain challenging, as simple increases in absolute numbers of healthcare providers trained is insufficient; substantial investment into long-term high-quality training programs is needed, as are incentives to retain qualified professionals within local systems of care delivery. We describe a novel HRH initiative, the Global Health Service Partnership (GHSP), involving collaboration between the US government (President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief [PEPFAR], Peace Corps), 5 African countries, and a US-based non-profit, Seed Global Health. GHSP was formed to enlist US health professionals to assist in strengthening teaching and training capacity and focused on pre-and in-service medical and nursing education in Malawi, Tanzania, Uganda, Eswatini and Liberia. From 2013-2018, GHSP sent 186 US health professionals to 27 institutions in 5 countries, helping to train 16 280 unique trainees of all levels. Qualitative impacts included cultivating a supportive classroom learning environment, providing a pedagogical bridge to clinical service, and fostering a supportive clinical learning and practice environment through role modeling, mentorship and personalized learning at the bedside. GHSP represented a novel, multilateral, public-private collaboration to help address HRH needs in Africa. It offers a plausible, structured template for engagement and partnership in the field.

What Makes Users Rate (Share, Tag, Edit )? Predicting Patterns of Participation in Online Communities.

Administrators of online communities face the crucial issue of understanding and developing their user communities. Will new users become committed members? What types of roles are particular individuals most likely to take on? We report on a study that investigates these questions. We administered a survey (based on standard psychological instruments) to nearly 4000 new users of the MovieLens film recommendation community from October 2009 to March 2010 and logged their usage history on MovieLens. We found that general volunteer motivations, pro-social behavioral history, and community-specific motivations predicted both the amount of use and specific types of activities users engaged in after joining the community. These findings have implications for the design and management of online communities.