Influence of the Mediterranean diet during pregnancy in the development of wheezing and eczema in infants in Pamplona, Spain.

BACKGROUND: This study examined the relationship between different food groups and the adherence to a Mediterranean diet during pregnancy and the risk of wheezing and eczema in children aged 12-15 months. METHODS: The study involves 1087 Spanish infants from the International Study of Wheezing in Infants (Estudio Internacional de Sibilancias en Lactantes, EISL). The study of the association of the different food consumption and Mediterranean diet with wheezing, recurrent wheezing and eczema was performed using different models of unconditional logistic regression to obtain adjusted prevalence odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). RESULTS: No association was found between a good adherence to the Mediterranean diet during pregnancy and the development of wheezing (p=0.372), recurrent wheezing (p=0.118) and eczema (p=0.315). The consumption once or twice a week of white fish (OR: 1.95[1.01-3.75]), cooked potatoes (OR: 1.75[1.22-2.51]) and industrial pastry (OR: 1.59[1.13-2.24]), and the consumption more than three times a week of industrial pastry (OR: 1.47 [1.01-2.13]) during pregnancy increases the risk of "wheezing" at 12 months. Instead, high fruit consumption during the pregnancy has a protective effect against "wheezing" in 12-month-old infants (OR: 0.44 [0.20-0.99]). No statistically significant differences were observed between food intake during pregnancy and "recurrent wheezing". No statistically significant differences were observed between the consumption of any food during pregnancy and the presence of eczema at 12 months. CONCLUSIONS: The present study showed that the consumption of Mediterranean diet during pregnancy did not have a protective effect for wheezing, recurrent wheezing or eczema.

[Analysis of the intensity of professional collaboration among nurses in a critical care area]. / Análisis de la intensidad de colaboración profesional entre enfermeras en un área de críticos.

OBJECTIVE/S: To analyse the intensity of professional collaboration (IPC) between the nurses in a multidisciplinary critical area (CA) and the relationship with the workplace "intensive care unit (ICU) and special hospitalisation area (SHA)", educational level, age, and years of professional activity in CA. METHOD: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with 57 nurses from CA, recording socio-demographic data: age, educational level, speciality titles, years of professional activity and workday type, years of professional activity in the CA, and involvement in scientific works. Tool: Intensity of Inter-professional Collaboration Questionnaire. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: SPSS 20.0. RESULTS: The study included a total of 47 nurses (ICU/SHA), with a mean age of 35.91 (9.59) years. Almost three-quarters (74.46%) were nursing graduates with a posgraduate in ICU. Median and interquartile range of professional experience was 14 and 14.50 years, respectively, and years working in CA was 8.50 and 16 years, respectively. Just over half of them (51.10%) worked part-time, and 61.70% participated in scientific works. The mean IPC score was 61.68 (6.84), with 57.40% providing values of high IPC. The relationship between the workplace (ICU/SHA) and educational level with IPC was not statistically significant (p>.05). There are statistical significant differences between IPC with age and years of professional activity in CA (p<.05). CONCLUSIONS: The present study demonstrates the existence of good IPC in the CA. Younger nurses obtain a better IPC score, as well as nurses who have been working for less time in CA. Nurses with a Degree or Masters have a higher level of IPC than the rest, as well as nurses who perform professional activity combining ICU and SHA.

[Effectiveness of nursing interventions in the control of type 2 diabetes mellitus].

BACKGROUND: To analyze whether nursing interventions classified according to NIC taxonomy and applied to patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), showing the NANDA diagnoses "Willingness to improve your own health management", are related to better achievement of T2DM control. METHODS: Cross-sectional study conducted on 721 patients in Primary Care whose data were obtained from their electronic clinical record. The control of parameters such as hemoglobin-glycosylated (HbA1c), LDL-cholesterol and body mass index (BMI) was related to NIC interventions performed, particularly to those recommended for management of T2DM. RESULTS: One hundred and thirty-seven NIC interventions were performed on 2,401 occasions, 1,714 of which (71.4%) were interventions recommended for management of T2DM. Of these, 41.2% belonged to Behavioral domain, while Surveillance was the most frequent intervention (25.4%). Control of both HbA1c and LDL-cholesterol was achieved in more than 50% of cases, but BMI only was achieved in 13.6%. NIC interventions were more frequently performed on patients with controlled parameters, especially on nine of them; two interventions were negatively related to control of BMI. CONCLUSION: We have observed that with a higher incidence in the application of the NIC included in the recommendations of the clinical practice guidelines for T2DM, better health results are obtained.

Alcohol consumption and attitudes towards banning alcohol sales on campus among European university students.

OBJECTIVES: The European Commission's new health strategy for improving health at the European Union (EU) level includes tackling alcohol consumption. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of alcohol consumption and problem drinking, as well as students' attitudes towards banning the sale of alcohol on campus. STUDY DESIGN: In total, 5826 students from universities in seven European countries (Denmark, Germany, Spain, Lithuania, Poland, Bulgaria and Turkey) took part in this cross-sectional study. METHODS: A self-administered questionnaire assessed sociodemographic information, frequency of alcohol consumption, problem drinking and attitudes towards banning the sale of alcohol on campus. RESULTS: The highest prevalence of drinking alcohol more than once per week was reported in Bulgarian (males 46%, females 64%) and Spanish students (males 59%, females 64%). Among those students who drank alcohol (n=3170), problem drinking (CAGE score >1) was found in 24% of males and 13% of females. Male gender, depressive moods and a low importance of good grades at university were risk factors for drinking alcohol more than once per week as well as for problem drinking. There were substantial country differences in the proportion of students who would support a ban of alcohol sales on campus (23% in Denmark, 88% in Poland). Support for a ban was higher among female students and among students who drank alcohol once or less per week. CONCLUSIONS: Problem drinking is a concern among students in many European countries, especially among males. Students' support for banning the sale of alcohol on campus varies between countries and should be considered in developing EU policy.

Role of the home environment in rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema in schoolchildren in Pamplona, Spain.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Indoor air quality has become an important factor for sensitization and development of allergic diseases because of increased time spent in homes. We aimed to analyze the possible home-condition risk factors for allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, atopic eczema, and severe disease in schoolchildren aged 5 through 8 years. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The parents of 3360 school children in Pamplona, Spain in the 5-8-year-old age bracket answered questions about rhinitis and eczema symptoms from the protocol of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC). The instrument contained additional questions about current home conditions related to mold and dust exposure and about conditions in the first year of life. Associations between the allergic diseases and early and current exposure were studied with chi(2) tests and bivariate and multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: Exposure to certain home conditions related to molds and dust in the first year of life increased the risk of allergic disease, but having good isolating windows in the first year of life protected against allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and severe atopic eczema. Some current home conditions were also related to an increased risk of current allergic disease; severe atopic eczema was more common among children with single glazing over the bedroom window. CONCLUSION: Current and first-year-of-life home conditions related to dust and mold exposure should be controlled because they influence the prevalence of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and atopic eczema diseases. Moreover, having a double-glazed window currently and in the first year of life seems to protect against these diseases.

[Quality of life in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases]. / Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en pacientes con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal.

BACKGROUND: To determine the health-related quality of life in patients with Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis, as well as to evaluate differences according to sex, type of disease and other sociodemographic variables. METHOD: Cross sectional study of 100 outpatients in the Digestive Service of the Navarre Hospital Complex.A questionnaire with sociodemographic and clinical variables was used, as well as a version of the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire-32 adapted to Spanish, in order to measure quality of life. RESULTS: The average score of the questionnaire on quality of life was 166 points (D.T.=40.06) out of a maximum of 232. Statistically significant differences were found according to type of disease (p=0.005)and sex (p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS: People with Crohn disease or females perceive a worse quality of life related to health in comparison to patients with ulcerative colitis or men.

Efectividad de las intervenciones enfermeras en el control de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 / Effectiveness of nursing interventions in the control of type 2 diabetes mellitus

FUNDAMENTO: Analizar si las intervenciones de enfermería clasificadas mediante la taxonomía NIC y aplicadas a pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) que cuenten con el diagnóstico de enfermería NANDA Disposición para mejorar la gestión de su propia salud se relacionan con la consecución de un mejor control de la enfermedad. MÉTODO: Estudio trasversal con 721 pacientes de Atención Primaria cuyos datos se obtuvieron de la historia clínica electrónica. Se analizó la relación del estado controlado o no de los parámetros hemoglobina glicosilada (HbA1c), colesterol-LDL (Col-LDL) e índice de masa corporal (IMC), con las intervenciones NIC realizadas, especialmente las correspondientes a recomendaciones para el manejo de la DM2. RESULTADOS: Se realizaron 137 tipos de intervenciones de enfermería NIC en 2.401 ocasiones, de las cuales 1.714 (71,4%) fueron intervenciones recomendadas para la DM2, un 41,2% ellas pertenecientes al dominio Conductual, siendo Vigilancia la intervención más frecuente (25,4%). La consecución de objetivos fue superior al 50% para HbA1c y Col-LDL y del 13,6% para el IMC. Las intervenciones NIC fueron más frecuentes en los pacientes con parámetros controlados, especialmente nueve de ellas; dos presentaron una relación negativa con el control del IMC. CONCLUSIONES: A mayor aplicación de las NIC recogidas en las recomendaciones de las guías de práctica clínica para la DM2 se ha observado mayor consecución de objetivos de control y mejores resultados en salud

BACKGROUND: To analyze whether nursing interventions classified according to NIC taxonomy and applied to patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), showing the NANDA diagnoses "Willingness to improve your own health management", are related to better achievement of T2DM control. METHODS: Cross-sectional study conducted on 721 patients in Primary Care whose data were obtained from their electronic clinical record. The control of parameters such as hemoglobin-glycosylated (HbA1c), LDL-cholesterol and body mass index (BMI) was related to NIC interventions performed, particularly to those recommended for management of T2DM. RESULTS: One hundred and thirty-seven NIC interventions were performed on 2,401 occasions, 1,714 of which (71.4%) were interventions recommended for management of T2DM. Of these, 41.2% belonged to Behavioral domain, while Surveillance was the most frequent intervention (25.4%). Control of both HbA1c and LDL-cholesterol was achieved in more than 50% of cases, but BMI only was achieved in 13.6%. NIC interventions were more frequently performed on patients with controlled parameters, especially on nine of them; two interventions were negatively related to control of BMI. CONCLUSION: We have observed that with a higher incidence in the application of the NIC included in the recommendations of the clinical practice guidelines for T2DM, better health results are obtained

In vitro pituitary responsiveness to LHRH in young and old female rats. Influence of melatonin.

The effect of aging and melatonin on in vitro pituitary responsiveness to luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) was studied. Young cyclic (3-months-old) control (cyclic-control, N = 15), and melatonin (MEL) treated for 2 months (150 microg/100 g BW) (cyclic-MEL, N = 15), old acyclic (23-months-old) control (acyclic-control, N = 13), and MEL-treated (acyclic-MEL, N = 18) rats were used. The hormones analyzed were luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and prolactin (PRL). The results showed a different influence of the reproductive status as well as of melatonin on the basal secretion rate of both gonadotropins, i.e. LH and FSH. Only the basal FSH release was significantly reduced in cyclic-MEL and acyclic-controls compared to cyclic-controls. The hemipitutary FSH content raised to values similar to those observed for FSH secretion and only the cyclic-MEL group showed significantly higher FSH pituitary content than for release. LHRH addition to the incubation medium resulted in increased LH release for both cyclic and acyclic rats, but FSH release was only stimulated in acyclic rats. Melatonin treatment blunted this response in both cases. In addition, melatonin treatment inhibited prolactin release in acyclic-MEL group after LHRH stimulation but not the basal levels. Pituitary LH and prolactin contents, were significantly higher than the pituitary LH and prolactin levels released from all groups studied, and were not affected by reproductive senescence nor by exogenous melatonin. These data indicate that aging influences more the secretory than the biosynthetic processes. Melatonin influences is endocrine status-dependent, being inhibitory when pituitary hormones reach their higher values.

Effect of pinealectomy and melatonin treatment during pregnancy on the sexual development of the female and male rat offspring.

Sexual development of female and male rat offspring of control, pinealectomized (PIN-X) or melatonin (MEL 250 micrograms/100 g body wt)-treated mother rats during pregnancy was studied. Newborns were studied at the following phases of sexual development: neonate (5 days old), infantile (15 days old), juvenile (25 and 30 days old) and pubertal phase (55 days). In female offspring, MEL treatment during pregnancy significantly increased plasma luteinizing hormone (LH) in 15- and 25-day-old rats; however, at the end of the prepubertal period (30 days) the concentration of plasma LH decreased significantly as compared to control rats. This hormonal pattern was different from that observed in offspring of control and PIN-X rats, which had low LH levels at 25 days of age and higher LH levels at 30 days of age. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) did not vary significantly among the three groups. Plasma prolactin levels were affected by PIN-X of the mother, showing significantly higher levels in the 5-day-old offspring than in the controls; plasma prolactin levels were also affected by MEL treatment of the mother, producing hyperprolactinemia in the 30-day-old female offspring. In male offspring, sexual development in control male rats progressed rapidly with significantly increased LH and FSH levels at 25 and 30 days compared to those measured during the neonatal and infantile periods.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Developmental changes of hypothalamic, pituitary and striatal tachykinins in response to testosterone: influence of prenatal melatonin.

Substance P (SP) and neurokinin A (NKA), members of the family of mammalian tachykinins, are involved in the regulation of many physiological functions and are widely distributed in mammalian tissues. In this report, the effects of prenatal melatonin on the postnatal developmental pattern of NKA, and SP, and on testosterone secretion were investigated. Also, tachykinin response to the administration of testosterone propionate (TP) was studied. The brain areas studied were medio-basal-hypothalamus, pituitary gland and striatum. Male rat offspring of control or melatonin treated mother rats were studied at different ages of the sexual development: infantile, juvenile or prepubertal periods, and pubertal period. Both groups received exogenous TP (control-offspring+TP and MEL-offspring+TP), or the vehicle (control-offspring+placebo and MEL-offspring+placebo). Hypothalamic concentrations of all peptides studied in control-offspring+placebo remained at low levels until the juvenile period, days 30-31 of age. After this age, increasing concentrations of these peptides were found, with peak values at puberty, 40-41 days of age, then declining until adulthood. In the MEL-offspring+placebo a different pattern of development was observed; hypothalamic concentrations of NKA and SP from the infantile period until the end of juvenile period were significantly higher than in control-offspring+placebo. TP administration exerted a more marked influence on MEL-offspring than on control-offspring and prevented the elevation in tachykinin concentrations associated with prenatal melatonin treatment. TP administration to control-offspring resulted in significantly reduced (P < 0.05) tachykinin concentration only at 40-41 days of age, and increased (P < 0.01) during infantile period as compared to control-offspring+placebo. Pituitary NKA concentrations were lower than in the hypothalamus. In control-offspring+placebo pituitary NKA levels did not show significant changes throughout sexual development. A different developmental pattern was observed in MEL-offspring+placebo, with significantly increased (P < 0.05) pituitary NKA concentrations at 35-36 days of age than in control-offspring+placebo. TP administration to control-offspring influenced pituitary NKA levels at the end of the infantile and pubertal periods, showing at both stages significantly higher (P < 0.05) NKA levels as compared to control-offspring+placebo. NKA levels in MEL-offspring+TP were only affected at 21-22 days of age, showing significantly increased (P < 0.01) values as compared to MEL-offspring+placebo. Striatal tachykinin concentrations in control-offspring did not undergo important modifications throughout sexual development, but during the prepubertal period they started to increase. Maternal melatonin and TP injections produced short-lived alterations during the infantile period. The results showed that prenatal melatonin delayed the postnatal testosterone secretion pattern until the end of the pubertal period and postnatal peptide secretion in brain structures. Consequently, all functions depending of the affected areas will in turn, be affected.

Effect of the lack of melatonin signal on the O2 uptake in sexual nervous structures in male rats.

The effect of the absence of melatonin signal, induced by pinealectomy as well as by continuous light to the oxidative metabolism of nervous structures of the male rat was studied. The selected nervous tissues structures involved in sexual processes of the male rat were amygdala, ventral hypothalamus, septal area pituitary and posterior cortex (latero-occipital); the anterior cortex (latero-frontal) was studied as the control brain area of the rat's sexual activity, while the testes were also studied. Oxidative metabolism was determined by its O2 uptake (QO2) in these tissues. Four groups of rats were studied viz., controls killed during daytime (7 h after lights on), controls killed at night time (5 h after lights off), pinealectomized rats killed during daytime, and male rats kept under constant lighting from birth. The results did not show statistically significant differences of the QO2 (microliters O2/mg wet tissue/h) in the nervous structures involved in sexual processes or in the testes of the rat subjected to pinealectomy or continuous light. Only the QO2 of the anterior cortex showed significant difference (P < 0.05) between day time and night time values of the control group. The pineal gland weight showed a suppressive effect produced by continuous light from birth compared to control group values during the day (P < 0.05) and at night (P < 0.01). The results of this study indicate that the inhibitory effect of the pineal gland on the neuroendocrine reproductive axis of the rat is due to a longer increased nocturnal peak of melatonin, and that the lack of the pineal gland has no effect on the functional activity of nervous structures involved in sexual processes of the rat.

[Latex myoglobin: a fast early marker in acute myocardial infarction]. / Mioglobina-látex: un marcador rápido y temprano en el infarto agudo de miocardio.

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the diagnostic power of serum myoglobin (Mgb) by latex agglutination as a marker in the first hours of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). METHODS: Two hundred forty-eight serum samples from 53 patients admitted to the Coronary Unit (CU) from the Emergency Department (ED) for suspected AMI were studied. The extractions were carried out upon admission and at 4, 8, 12, 18, 24 and 36 hours after the initiation of symptoms. Myoglobin was analyzed by radioimmunoassay (RIA) and by a semiquantitative method of latex agglutination (Rapitex), in addition to creatine kinase (CK) and MB fraction (CK-MB). Sensitivity (S), specificity (E), positive and negative predictive value (PPV) (NPV) and standard efficacy (SE) of the different markers were measured along with the correlation between RIA and latex methods for Mgb. RESULTS: For a prevalence of 83%, the latex test provided S = 81%, E = 8%, PPV = 97%, NPV = 50%, ES = 0.85; CK S = 43% (*), E = 88%, PPV = 97%, NPV = 24% (*) and ES = 0.31 (*) (* = p less than 0.01) and CK-MB S.63% (*), E = 100%, PPV = 100%, NPV = 34% (*) and ES = 0.31 (*) (* = p less than 0.05). The correlation between latex and RIA in the first 4 hours was r = 0.8243 (p less than 0.0001). On performing the 2 tests separated by 2 in the first 4, latex NPV was 100%. CONCLUSIONS: Mgb - latex is the earliest AMI indicator and has greater diagnostic strength in the first hours than CK and CK-MB. It has a good correlation with Mgb-RIA and is simple and rapid to carry out making it specially useful in Emergency Departments and Coronary Units.

[Systems for the determination of body temperature]. / Sistemas para determinar la temperatura corporal.

It is essential for a health care professional to know how body temperature is regulated, what factors affect body temperature, and what different measurement systems are available. This file contains descriptions of 1) the thermometers available: electronic, mercury-based, infrared; 2) the places where body temperature can be measured: skin, armpits, rectum, mouth, tympanum, esophagus, or pulmonary artery blood. All content material is justified by a documented bibliography.

[Gender differences in the treatment and outcome of patients with acute coronary syndrome in Navarre]. / Diferencias según sexo en el tratamiento y la evolución de los pacientes afectados de síndrome coronario agudo en Navarra.

BACKGROUND: Gender-based approaches have revealed the differing prevalence, incidence, progression and mortality of acute coronary disease by sex. This study aims to determine the difference by sex in the treatment and outcomes of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in Navarre. METHODS: Thirty-five variables were analysed from 130 users with acute coronary disease who attended the Navarre Hospital (CHN) emergency department consecutively from January to April 2012. The dependent variable was sex and independent variables were time, treatments and final outcome of the process. RESULTS: Males accounted for 74.6% of the sample, with a mean age of 67, which was less than the mean age of 72 for the female patients (p = 0.043). The median for cardiovascular risk factors was three in men and two in women (p = 0.026). The patient delay in seeking health care was 161 minutes in men compared to 266 minutes in women (p = 0.006). Treatment via revascularization by primary angioplasty or fibrinolysis was performed in 71.6% of men and 41.2% of women (p = 0.002). A 5.9% death rate was registered for women, with no deaths among the men (p = 0.017). CONCLUSIONS: In Navarre, acute coronary syndrome remains more prevalent among men yet more severe in women. Treatment differs according to gender. Greater delay in seeking health care is observed among women, as is self-discharge from hospital, which may contribute to their less favourable outcomes.

Análisis de la intensidad de colaboración profesional entre enfermeras en un área de críticos / Analysis of the intensity of professional collaboration among nurses in a critical care area

Objetivo/s: Analizar la intensidad de colaboración profesional (ICP) entre enfermeras de un área de críticos (AC) polivalente y su relación con el lugar de trabajo «unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI) y área de hospitalización especializada (AHE)», nivel de educación, edad y años de actividad profesional en AC. Método: Estudio descriptivo transversal. La población atiende a 57 enfermeras de un AC. Registro de variables sociodemográficas: edad, nivel de educación, especialidad, años de ejercicio profesional y tipo de jornada, años de actividad profesional en AC y participación científica. Instrumento: cuestionario «Intensité de la Collaboration Interprofessionalle». Análisis estadísticos: SPSS 20.0. Resultados: Participaron un total de 47 enfermeras (UCI/AHE). Edad media: 35,91 (9,59) años. El 74,46% son diplomadas en enfermería, con formación de posgrado en UCI. Mediana y rango intercuartílico de años de actividad profesional 14 y 14,50. Y de años trabajando en AC 8,50 y 16. El 51,10% trabajan a jornada reducida. Un 61,70% han participado en trabajos científicos. Puntuación media de ICP: 61,68 (6,84). El 57,40% aportan valores de ICP alta. La relación entre el lugar de trabajo (UCI/AHE) y el nivel de educación con la ICP no es estadísticamente significativa (p > 0,05). Sí se encuentran diferencias estadísticamente significativas al comparar la ICP con la edad y los años de actividad profesional en AC (p < 0,05). Conclusiones: El presente estudio muestra que existe una buena ICP en el AC. Las enfermeras de menor edad obtienen una mejor puntuación en la ICP, así como las que llevan trabajando menos tiempo en AC. Las enfermeras con título de grado o máster poseen un nivel de ICP más alto que el resto. También las enfermeras que desarrollan simultáneamente su actividad profesional en UCI y AHE

Objective/s: To analyse the intensity of professional collaboration (IPC) between the nurses in a multidisciplinary critical area (CA) and the relationship with the workplace 'intensive care unit (ICU) and special hospitalisation area (SHA)', educational level, age, and years of professional activity in CA. Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with 57 nurses from CA, recording socio-demographic data: age, educational level, speciality titles, years of professional activity and workday type, years of professional activity in the CA, and involvement in scientific works. Tool: Intensity of Inter-professional Collaboration Questionnaire. Statistical analysis: SPSS 20.0. Results: The study included a total of 47 nurses (ICU/SHA), with a mean age of 35.91 (9.59) years. Almost three-quarters (74.46%) were nursing graduates with a posgraduate in ICU. Median and interquartile range of professional experience was 14 and 14.50 years, respectively, and years working in CA was 8.50 and 16 years, respectively. Just over half of them (51.10%) worked part-time, and 61.70% participated in scientific works. The mean IPC score was 61.68 (6.84), with 57.40% providing values of high IPC. The relationship between the workplace (ICU/SHA) and educational level with IPC was not statistically significant (p > .05). There are statistical significant differences between IPC with age and years of professional activity in CA (p < .05). Conclusions: The present study demonstrates the existence of good IPC in the CA. Younger nurses obtain a better IPC score, as well as nurses who have been working for less time in CA. Nurses with a Degree or Masters have a higher level of IPC than the rest, as well as nurses who perform professional activity combining ICU and SHA

Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en pacientes con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal / Quality of life in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases

Fundamento: Determinar la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en pacientes con enfermedad de Crohn y colitis ulcerosa, así como evaluar las diferencias en función del sexo, tipo de enfermedad y otras variables sociodemográficas. Método: Estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal en 100 pacientes atendidos en el servicio de Digestivo del Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra. Se empleó un cuestionario con variables sociodemográficas y clínicas, además del Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire-32, en su versión adaptada al castellano, para medir la calidad de vida. Resultados: La media de la puntuación total del cuestionario de calidad vida es de 166 puntos (D.T.=40,06) sobre un máximo de 232. Se han hallado diferencias estadísticamente significativas en función del tipo de enfermedad (p=0,005) y el sexo (p=0,001). Conclusiones: Las personas con enfermedad de Crohn o sexo femenino perciben peor calidad de vida relacionada con la salud respecto a pacientes con colitis ulcerosa u hombres (AU)

Background: To determine the health-related quality of life in patients with Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis, as well as to evaluate differences according to sex, type of disease and other sociodemographic variables. Method. Cross sectional study of 100 outpatients in the Digestive Service of the Navarre Hospital Complex. A questionnaire with sociodemographic and clinical variables was used, as well as a version of the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire-32 adapted to Spanish, in order to measure quality of life. Results: The average score of the questionnaire on quality of life was 166 points (D.T.=40.06) out of a maximum of 232. Statistically significant differences were found according to type of disease (p=0.005) and sex (p=0.001). Conclusions: People with Crohn disease or females perceive a worse quality of life related to health in comparison to patients with ulcerative colitis or men (AU)

Diferencias según sexo en el tratamiento y la evolución de los pacientes afectados de síndrome coronario agudo / Gender differences in the treatment and outcome of patients with acute coronary syndrome

Fundamento: La perspectiva de género en salud nos alerta de la diferente prevalencia, incidencia, evolución y letalidad de las patologías coronarias agudas según sexo. Este estudio pretende conocer la diferencia en el tratamiento y la evolución de los pacientes afectos de Síndrome Coronario Agudo (SCA) según sexos en Navarra. Métodos: Se analizaron 35 variables de 130 usuarios que acudieron consecutivamente al servicio de Urgencias (SU) del Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN) con patología coronaria aguda desde enero hasta abril de 2012. La variable dependiente fue el sexo y las independientes los tiempos, tratamientos y evolución final del proceso. Resultados: Un 74,6% de la muestra fueron varones con una edad media de 67 años, inferior a los 72 años de la muestra femenina (p=0,043). Se obtuvo una mediana de 3 factores de riesgo cardiovascular (FRC) en los hombres y de dos en las mujeres (p=0,026). El tiempo de demora generado por los pacientes fue de 161 minutos en varones vs 266 minutos en féminas (p=0,006). El tratamiento llevado a cabo mediante revascularización por angioplastia primaria (AP) o fibrinolisis se realizó en un 71,6% de los hombres y un 41,2% de las mujeres (p=0,002). Se registró un 5,9% de muertes en mujeres, sin hallarse casos de fallecimiento en varones (p=0,017). Conclusiones: En Navarra, los procesos coronarios siguen siendo una patología de predominio masculino pero de mayor gravedad en mujeres. El tratamiento se realizó de forma distinta según sexo. Se observó un mayor retraso en la solicitud de atención sanitaria en las mujeres así como la presencia de alta voluntaria en ellas, lo que puede influir en la peor evolución de las mismas (AU)

Background: Gender-based approaches have revealed the differing prevalence, incidence, progression and mortality of acute coronary disease by sex. This study aims to determine the difference by sex in the treatment and outcomes of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in Navarre. Methods: Thirty-five variables were analysed from 130 users with acute coronary disease who attended the Navarre Hospital (CHN) emergency department consecutively from January to April 2012. The dependent variable was sex and independent variables were time, treatments and final outcome of the process. Results: Males accounted for 74.6% of the sample, with a mean age of 67, which was less than the mean age of 72 for the female patients (p = 0.043). The median for cardiovascular risk factors was three in men and two in women (p = 0.026). The patient delay in seeking health care was 161 minutes in men compared to 266 minutes in women (p = 0.006). Treatment via revascularization by primary angioplasty or fibrinolysis was performed in 71.6% of men and 41.2% of women (p = 0.002). A 5.9% death rate was registered for women, with no deaths among the men (p = 0.017). Conclusions: In Navarre, acute coronary syndrome remains more prevalent among men yet more severe in women. Treatment differs according to gender. Greater delay in seeking health care is observed among women, as is self-discharge from hospital, which may contribute to their less favourable outcomes (AU)