RESUMO
The medical activity displays a set of skills aimed at improving the health status of people. In this way, diagnoses are made, choices of tests and treatments are made, and decisions are made about what to do and what not to do that affect the lives of patients. In this article, we propose a reflection on overdiagnosis and overtreatment in relation to the factors that promote it and the impact they have on society, on the functioning of the health system and also directly on patients. Finally, we make some proposals on how to address this overuse considering that primary care is a privileged place to adapt and minimize the impact of the actions of the health system on the health of citizens and reduce the incidents of patient safety linked to the overdiagnosis and inappropriate use of tests and treatments that do not add value to the health of patients.
Assuntos
Setor de Assistência à Saúde , Uso Excessivo dos Serviços de Saúde , Segurança do Paciente , Padrões de Prática Médica , Tecnologia Biomédica , Tomada de Decisão Clínica , Medicina Baseada em Evidências , Humanos , Anamnese , Uso Excessivo dos Serviços de Saúde/prevenção & controle , Medicalização , Motivação , Atenção Primária à Saúde , IncertezaRESUMO
La actividad médica despliega un conjunto de competencias encaminadas a mejorar el estado de salud de las personas. En este camino se realizan diagnósticos, se hacen elecciones de pruebas y tratamientos y se toman decisiones sobre hacer y no hacer que afectan a la vida de los pacientes. En este artículo, proponemos una reflexión ante el sobrediagnóstico y sobretratamiento en relación con los factores que lo promueven y el impacto que tienen en la sociedad, en el funcionamiento del sistema sanitario y también directamente en los pacientes. Finalmente, realizamos unas propuestas de cómo redirigir este exceso considerando que la atención primaria es un lugar privilegiado para actuar en adecuar y minimizar el impacto de las actuaciones del sistema sanitario en la salud de los ciudadanos y reducir los incidentes de seguridad del paciente ligados al sobrediagnóstico y al uso inadecuado de pruebas y tratamientos que no aportan valor a la salud de los pacientes
The medical activity displays a set of skills aimed at improving the health status of people. In this way, diagnoses are made, choices of tests and treatments are made, and decisions are made about what to do and what not to do that affect the lives of patients. In this article, we propose a reflection on overdiagnosis and overtreatment in relation to the factors that promote it and the impact they have on society, on the functioning of the health system and also directly on patients. Finally, we make some proposals on how to address this overuse considering that primary care is a privileged place to adapt and minimize the impact of the actions of the health system on the health of citizens and reduce the incidents of patient safety linked to the overdiagnosis and inappropriate use of tests and treatments that do not add value to the health of patients