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1.
Med Intensiva ; 36(6): 434-44, 2012.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22743144

RESUMO

The pulmonary artery catheter has been a key tool for monitoring hemodynamic status in the intensive care unit for nearly 40 years. During this period of time, it has been the hemodynamic monitoring technique most commonly used for the diagnosis of many clinical situations, allowing clinicians to understand the underlying cardiovascular physiopathology, and helping to guide treatment interventions. However, in recent years, the usefulness of pulmonary artery catheterization has been questioned. Technological advances have introduced new and less invasive hemodynamic monitoring techniques. This review provides a systematic update on the hemodynamic variables offered by cardiac output monitoring devices, taking into consideration their clinical usefulness and their inherent limitations, with a view to using the supplied information in an efficient way.


Assuntos
Cuidados Críticos/métodos , Hemodinâmica , Monitorização Fisiológica/métodos , Velocidade do Fluxo Sanguíneo , Cardiografia de Impedância , Cateterismo Venoso Central , Cateterismo de Swan-Ganz , Ecocardiografia Doppler , Ecocardiografia Transesofagiana , Humanos , Cloreto de Lítio/sangue , Cloreto de Lítio/farmacocinética , Oximetria , Oxigênio/sangue , Pressão Propulsora Pulmonar , Termodiluição/instrumentação , Dispositivos de Acesso Vascular
3.
Med. intensiva ; 34(1): [1-10], 2017. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-883652

RESUMO

Objetivo: Análisis comparativo de la ventilación no invasiva frente a la ventilación mecánica invasiva en la exacerbación de la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica. Diseño: Cohorte retrospectiva (enero 2006- diciembre 2012). Ámbito: Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos médico-quirúrgica. Pacientes: Se analizaron 142 pacientes con insuficiencia respiratoria aguda hipercápnica. Intervenciones: Ninguna. Variables de interés: Infecciones (bacteriemia, neumonía intrahospitalaria, infección urinaria), necesidad de traqueotomía, insuficiencia renal aguda, síndrome de dificultad respiratoria aguda, estancias en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos y hospitalaria, duración de la ventilación mecánica y mortalidad en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, hospitalaria y a los 6 meses.Resultados: Ciento veintiún pacientes (86%) recibieron ventilación no invasiva y 20 (14%), ventilación invasiva. Un paciente no recibió soporte ventilatorio. Al ingresar, el grupo de ventilación invasiva presentaba mayor deterioro gasométrico, hemodinámico y neurológico que el grupo de ventilación no invasiva. No hubo diferencias en la tasa de infecciones, la necesidad de traqueotomía, las complicaciones, la duración de la ventilación mecánica, las estancias, ni la mortalidad. Los pacientes en quienes fracasó la ventilación no invasiva presentaron mayor mortalidad comparados con el otro grupo. Conclusiones: La ventilación no invasiva fue el soporte ventilatorio más frecuente en los pacientes con exacerbación de la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica en nuestra Unidad. Los pacientes con ventilación invasiva tuvieron una evolución clínica muy semejante a la de aquellos sometidos a ventilación invasiva, sin que ello haya supuesto una mayor mortalidad. (AU)


Objective: Comparative analysis of non-invasive ventilation versus invasive ventilation in patients with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Design: Retrospective cohort (January 2006-December 2012). Setting: Medical-surgical Intensive Care Unit. Patients: One hundred and forty-two patients with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were analyzed. Variables of interest: Infections (bacteremia, nosocomial pneumonia, urinary infection), need for tracheostomy, acute renal failure, acute respiratory disease syndrome, lenght of stay at the Intensive Care Unit and hospital, duration of mechanical ventilation and mortality at the Intensive Care Unit, hospital and after 6 months. Results: One hundred and twenty-one patients (86%) underwent non-invasive ventilation and 20 (14%) received invasive ventilation. One patient did not receive ventilatory support. At admission, blood gases, and hemodynamic and neurological parameters were worse in the invasive ventilation group compared with the non-invasive ventilation group. Infection rate, need for tracheostomy, complications, duration of mechanical ventilation, length of stay, and mortality did not show differences. Mortality was higher in patients who failed non-invasive ventilation. Conclusions: Non-invasive ventilation was the most common ventilatory support in patients with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in our Intensive Care Unit. Patients with invasive ventilation had the same clinical course compared to the non-invasive group, without entailing increased mortality.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Respiração Artificial , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica , Ventilação não Invasiva , Insuficiência Respiratória
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