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1.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim ; 58(1): 51-3, 2011 Jan.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21348218

RESUMO

A 66-year-old man with complex congenital heart defects (atrial septal defects, with incomplete cor triatriatum, an aneurysmal sac in the membranous septum, ventricular communication and pulmonary valve stenosis) was scheduled for surgery for progressive dyspnea even at rest. During anesthetic induction, effort was made to avoid increased shunting. Surgery consisted of resection of the cor triatriatum membrane, closure of communications with pericardial patches, pulmonary valve replacement, replacement of the root with a porcine root, and pulmonary artery aneurysmorrhaphy. Severely decreased contractility developed while the patient was still in the operating room; inotropic support with adrenaline and dobutamine was required. Extubation was completed in the postoperative recovery unit with no further complications. Echocardiography showed a left-ventricular ejection fraction of 45%. We found few published reports of cases of complex congenital heart disease treated surgically in adulthood. In such cases, cardiac pathophysiology must be carefully considered, and maneuvers that increase systemic resistance or right-ventricular ejection fraction should be avoided. Postoperative pulmonary vascular resistance should be kept as low as possible.


Assuntos
Anestesia , Cardiopatias/congênito , Cardiopatias/cirurgia , Defeitos dos Septos Cardíacos/cirurgia , Estenose da Valva Pulmonar/cirurgia , Idoso , Cardiopatias/complicações , Defeitos dos Septos Cardíacos/complicações , Humanos , Masculino , Estenose da Valva Pulmonar/complicações
2.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim ; 57(2): 86-90, 2010 Feb.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20336999

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of 2 invasive techniques for treating myofascial pain: trigger point acupuncture and 1% lidocaine infiltration of trigger points. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients who met the inclusion criteria were randomized to 2 groups for evaluation at our pain clinic over a period of 7 months. Each patient had 4 treatment sessions. Response was evaluated on a visual analog scale (VAS) and by means of the Lattinen test. RESULTS: Twenty-one patients were enrolled. Eleven underwent acupuncture and 10 received lidocaine infiltrations. When post-treatment pain was assessed, the mean (SD) VAS scores fell from 5.50 (2.08) to 2.45 (2.05) in the acupuncture group and from 4.8 (2.03) to 2.2 (1.91) in the lidocaine group. Lattinen test scores also fell, from 10.63 (2.69) to 8.54 (3.14) in the acupuncture group and from 10.9 (1.59) to 8.60 (2.63) in the lidocaine group. There were no statistically significant differences between the 2 treatment groups. CONCLUSION: Both acupuncture and lidocaine infiltration of trigger points were effective in reducing pain intensity after treatment and in improving quality of life. One method could not be shown to be better than the other for treating myofascial pain.


Assuntos
Analgesia por Acupuntura , Anestésicos Locais/uso terapêutico , Lidocaína/uso terapêutico , Síndromes da Dor Miofascial/terapia , Adulto , Anestésicos Locais/administração & dosagem , Feminino , Humanos , Injeções Intralesionais , Lidocaína/administração & dosagem , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Síndromes da Dor Miofascial/tratamento farmacológico , Medição da Dor , Índice de Gravidade de Doença
3.
Rev. Soc. Esp. Dolor ; 30(1): 7-14, 2023. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS (Espanha) | ID: ibc-220851

RESUMO

Objetivos: Determinar las características demográficas, clínicas y de manejo analgésico de una población con dolor oncológico remitida a nuestra unidad de dolor (UD). Descripción de su manejo clínico una vez recibidos en la unidad. Detectar aspectos de mejora.Material y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo y descriptivo, realizado durante un periodo de 23 meses, entre noviembre de 2019 y diciembre de 2021, de todos los pacientes oncológicos derivados a la UD, cuya causa de derivación fuera dolor de origen oncológico.Resultados: Se analizaron 78 pacientes, el 63,2 % hombres y el 46,8 % mujeres. La edad media poblacional fue de 64,84 ± 12,623 años. El 44,7 % fueron remitidos por servicios quirúrgicos. El 75 % presentaba dolor moderado o severo. Los tumores más frecuentes fueron los abdominales (31,6 %), y cabeza y cuello (22,4 %). La causa del dolor fue en 48,7 % de los casos de la infiltración tumoral y en un 60,5 % un dolor de origen de mixto. En el momento de la remisión el 60 % de los pacientes recibía opioides mayores, con una dosis de equivalentes diarios de morfina (EDM) de 163,57 ± 167,10 mg y el 38 % recibía antineuropáticos. El tiempo medio para atender a estos pacientes desde el momento de solicitarla fue de 9,18 ± 9,73 días. Se realizó intervencionismo menor en el 56,6 % (43) de los pacientes y mayor en el 2,6 % (2). Se inició en la UD el tratamiento con fármacos antineuropáticos en el 68,4 % de los casos. Tras el manejo en la UD, un 72,4 % de los pacientes refirieron mejoría del dolor.Conclusiones: Mejorar la tasa de remisión de pacientes desde servicios como Oncología médica y Atención primaria. Mejorar los tiempos de remisión a las unidades de dolor. Ajustar mejor los tratamientos analgésicos antes de la remisión. Generar un protocolo de remisión sencillo de pacientes que incluyan pautas básicas de manejo del dolor. Mejorar el diagnóstico de dolor neuropático. Aumentar la cartera de servicios de intervencionismos de la UD....(AU)


Aim: Studying the demographic profile, clinical characteristics and analgesic management of an oncologic population sent to our pain unit. To describe the pain management in our unit. To detect management aspects to be improved.Methodology: Retrospective and descriptive study, performed in a period of 23 months, between November 2019 and December 2021, of all patients sent to our pain unit for cancer pain management.Results: A total of 78 patients were analyzed, 63,2 % men and 46,8 % women. The average age was 64,84 ± 12,623 years. 44,7 % were sent by surgical services. In 75% the pain was moderate or severe. The main cancer location was abdominal (31,6 %), and head and neck (22,4 %). In 48,7 % the pain was originated by tumoral infiltration and in 60,5 % the pain was judged to be mixed. At the moment of the arrival 60 % of patients were on opioids, with an average dose of 163,57 ± 167,10 mg EDM and 38 % were on antineurophatic drugs. The average time to attend the patients from the moment or request was 9,18 ± 9,73 days. A minor interventional procedure was performed in 56,6 % (43) of the patients, and a major intervention in 2,6 % (2). We started antineurophatic drugs in 68,4 % of the cases. During the period of pain management in our unit a 72,4% of the patients referred an improvement of their cancer related pain.Conclusions: It is necessary to improve the rate of remission from medical oncology departments and primary care physicians. To reduce the remission time to our unit from the referral services. To improve analgesic management before referral. To create an easy protocol for remission of patients that includes basic pain management instructions. To improve the rate of neuropathic pain diagnosis before referral. To expand our interventional technics portfolio. Pain units can improve cancer related pain management. To create multidisciplinary cancer pain comities.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Clínicas de Dor , Encaminhamento e Consulta , Dor do Câncer , Dor , Manejo da Dor , Estudos Retrospectivos , Epidemiologia Descritiva
4.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim ; 52(4): 200-7, 2005 Apr.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15901025

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To analyze factors related to the development of infection soon after a liver transplant. PATIENTS AND METHOD: Retrospective study of 1000 liver transplants in adults between 1991 and 2004. Pre-, intra- and postoperative variables of recipients were analyzed in 2 groups according to whether infection did or did not develop. RESULTS: Infection developed in 151 patients. Bacterial infections were the most common type. Significant risk factors for infection in the multivariate analysis were sex (odds ratio [OR], 0.54; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.33-0.90); Child-Pugh stage (OR, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.29-2,77); hepatitis C virus cirrhosis (OR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.34-0.99); post-reperfusion syndrome (OR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.03-3.21); vena cava preservation technique (OR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.22-0.84); history of diabetes mellitus (OR, 2.38; 95% CI, 1.34-4.22); respiratory distress syndrome (OR, 6.60; 95% CI, 1.16-37.45); pulmonary edema (OR, 2.36; 95% CI, 1.44-3.86); renal dysfunction (OR, 3.25; 95% CI, 1.89-5.60); acute renal insufficiency (OR, 20.24; 95% CI, 9.88-41.46); neurological alterations (OR, 3.36; 95% CI, 1.94-5.821); postoperative bleeding (OR, 2.80; 95% CI, 1.32-5.97); graft dysfunction (OR, 2.07; 95% CI, 1.21-3.53); primary graft failure (OR, 0.07; 95% CI, 0.01-0.33). CONCLUSION: Infection is a serious complication that continues to be difficult to control. Certain risk factors can be improved with careful management (kidney failure, pulmonary edema) or appropriate donor-recipient matching (initial dysfunction). Others, however, are inherent to the procedure (post-reperfusion syndrome, sex) or to immunosuppression, which acts as a true mediator of infection with regard to both its appearance and its clinical manifestation.


Assuntos
Infecções/epidemiologia , Infecções/etiologia , Transplante de Fígado/efeitos adversos , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Fatores de Tempo
7.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim ; 51(2): 100-3, 2004 Feb.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15072403

RESUMO

An 18-year-old male with a history of surgery to correct partial drainage of the pulmonary veins had been experiencing symptoms of superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) for 2 years. Severe obstruction of the superior vena cava where it joined the right atrium became evident upon cardiac catheterization. Because the catheter could not be inserted into the atrium, angioplasty was ruled out and surgery was scheduled. Surgery was performed with the patient in Fowler's position. Electrocardiographic signals, oxygen saturation (pulse oximetry), temperature, bispectral index, diuresis, and invasive arterial pressure were monitored. A large vein was catheterized in the left foot, and a central venous catheter was inserted through the right femoral vein. Balanced anesthesia without nitrous oxide was provided, and a right axillary artery-inferior vena cava cardiopulmonary bypass was established. Once the defect was repaired, central venous pressure became normal and edema in the upper thoracic region decreased. Anesthesia for surgical correction of SVCS carries considerable risk related to such events as difficult intubation and ventilation, bleeding, and vessel collapse. Extreme precautions must be taken and certain procedures followed in order to avoid life-threatening complications.


Assuntos
Anestesia , Síndrome da Veia Cava Superior/cirurgia , Adolescente , Humanos , Masculino , Fatores de Risco
10.
Rev. Soc. Esp. Dolor ; 21(1): 50-58, ene.-feb. 2014. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS (Espanha) | ID: ibc-122146

RESUMO

Es bien conocido y avalado por distintos estudios, que determinadas intervenciones enfermeras resultan imprescindibles para la consecución de objetivos de calidad, seguridad, eficacia y eficiencia en salud. El fomento y la formación en el autocuidado del paciente así como la promoción de su autonomía y empoderamiento, se encuentran, sin duda, entre las intervenciones imprescindibles a desarrollar para la consecución de estos objetivos. Ya no es posible contemplar la formación en salud de los pacientes sin atender a la potenciación de su autonomía lo cual se traduce no sólo en mejoras en sus cuidados sino también en la mejor percepción de los mismos, repercutiendo todo ello en la reducción de la demanda asistencial tan importante en el momento socioeconómico actual (AU)


It's well known and supported by various studies, that certain nursing performances are decisive to achieve aims related to quality, safety, effectiveness and efficient in health. The promotion and training in patient self-care is essential in order to pain autonomy that's undoubtedly among the key elements to achieve those objectives. Nowadays, we can't think about patient's health education without pay attention to enhance their autonomy which implies not only improve their care but also a better self-perception, and this will permit reduce the demand for care so important in the current socioeconomic situation (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Dor Crônica/enfermagem , Medição da Dor/enfermagem , Manejo da Dor/enfermagem , Cuidados de Enfermagem/métodos , Autocuidado , Segurança do Paciente , Autonomia Pessoal , Educação de Pacientes como Assunto , Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde
14.
Rev. Soc. Esp. Dolor ; 16(8): 437-440, nov.-dic. 2009.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS (Espanha) | ID: ibc-75753

RESUMO

El dolor en miembro fantasma es una de las principales complicaciones a largo plazo tras la amputación de un miembro. Entre las opciones disponibles y que cuentan con respaldo bibliográfico de casos puntuales, se encuentra el uso de la ketamina. Se presenta el caso de un varón de 65 años, con dolor en miembro fantasma desde hacia10 años, con respuesta parcial a los anticonvulsionantes y antidepresivos. El paciente refería un dolor basal de 4, medido con la escala visual analógica, y episodios frecuentes de dolor lancinante de 10. El índice de Lattinen tenía un valor de 12 y, además, el paciente estaba deprimido y con afectación de su vida familiar. Ante esta situación decidimos, tras revisar la bibliografía, citarlo para perfusión continua intravenosa de ketamina. Evaluamos al paciente a la semana, a los 3 y a los 6 meses con un EVA a los 6 meses de 0en reposo y con disminución de los episodios de dolor lancinante menos de 2 a la semana, con un EVA en estos episodios de 6, Lattinen de 5 y mejoría del estado de ánimo (AU)


Phantom limb pain is one of the main long-term complications of amputation. Among the available options that have been reported in sporadic cases in the literature is the use of ketamine. We present the case of a 65-year-old man with phantom limb pain for 10 years and partial response to anticonvulsants and antidepressants. The patient reported a baseline visual analog scale (VAS) pain score of 4 and frequent episodes of lancinating pain with a score of 10. The Lattinen index was 12. The patient was depressed with repercussions on his family life. After reviewing the literature, we decided to administer continuous intravenous ketamine perfusion. The patient was evaluated at 1 week, at 3 months and at 6 months. VAS score at 6 months was 0 with the patient at rest and the number of episodes of lancinating pain was reduced to two per week, with a VAS score of 6, Lattinen index of 5, and improvement in the patient’s mood (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ketamina/metabolismo , Ketamina/farmacologia , Ketamina/uso terapêutico , Membro Fantasma/diagnóstico , Membro Fantasma/terapia , Dor/terapia , Narcolepsia/complicações , Narcolepsia/diagnóstico , Narcolepsia/terapia
15.
Cir. mayor ambul ; 17(4): 139-143, oct.-dic. 2012. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS (Espanha) | ID: ibc-111959

RESUMO

Introducción: la Mascarilla Laríngea Supreme TM (MLS) es un dispositivo supraglótico desechable nuevo, provisto de canal gástrico y con características en el diseño del manguito que permiten presiones de sellado superior a las de la mascarilla laríngea clásica. El objetivo del presente estudio es valorar la eficacia de la MLS en dos procedimientos de cirugía ambulatoria: en la colecistectomía laparoscópica y en la cirugía de mama. Material y métodos: estudio prospectivo, observacional, realizado en 100 pacientes en régimen ambulatorio, programados para colecistectomía laparoscópica y de mama, bajo anestesia general y empleo de la MLS. El objetivo del estudio fue valorar la eficacia y seguridad de la MLS en ambos procedimientos. Resultados: de los 100 pacientes, 65 fueron intervenidos de colecistectomía laparoscópica y 35 de cirugía de mama. La inserción de la MLS fue posible en todos los pacientes y en un 86% de los casos en el primer intento. La presión de sellado media fue de 30,02 ± 1,92 cm de H2O. No se objetivaron efectos adversos durante la ventilación ni con los cambios de posición del paciente. No fue preciso cambiar la MLS por otro dispositivo y ningún paciente requirió intubación orotraqueal. Conclusiones: la MLS es un dispositivo seguro y eficaz en el manejo de la vía aérea en pacientes intervenidos de colecistectomía laparoscópica y cirugía de mama, en régimen ambulatorio (AU)


Introduction: supreme laryngeal mask (MLS) is a new disposable supraglottic device, and gastric channel provided with design features which allow the sleeve sealing pressures higher than those of the classic laryngeal mask. The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of the MLS in two ambulatory surgical procedures: in laparoscopic cholecystectomy and breast surgery. Material and methods: prospective, observational study conducted in 100 patients undergoing ambulatory surgery, scheduled laparoscopy cholecystectomy and breast surgery, under general anesthesia with laryngeal mask. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the MLS in both procedures. Results: one hundred patients were included in the study, laparoscopic cholecystectomy (N = 65) and breast surgery (N = 35). In all patients the insertion of the LMS was accomplished and was inserted at the first attempt in 86% of cases. The average airway sealing pressure was 30.02 ± 1.92 cm H2O. No adverse effects were observed during ventilation or with changes in patient position. There was no need to change the MLS by another device and no patient required intubation. Conclusions: the MLS its safe and effective supraglottic device in the management of the airway in outpatient scheduled laparoscopic cholecystectomy and breast surgery (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Máscaras Laríngeas , Colecistectomia Laparoscópica/métodos , Mastectomia/métodos , Anestesia/métodos , Doenças Mamárias/cirurgia , Estudos Prospectivos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Ambulatórios/métodos
16.
Rev. esp. anestesiol. reanim ; 58(1): 51-53, ene. 2011.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS (Espanha) | ID: ibc-84821

RESUMO

Paciente varón de 66 años con malformaciones cardiacas congénitas complejas consistentes esquemáticamente en comunicación interacuricular con tabicación incompleta tipo cor triatriatum, aneurisma de septo membranoso con comunicación interventricular y estenosis de válvula pulmonar. Se indicó cirugía por disnea progresiva hasta hacerse de reposo. Se procede a inducción de la anestesia intentando no aumentar el cortocircuito. El procedimiento quirúrgico consistió en resecar la membrana de cor triatiatum, cerrar las comunicaciones con parches de pericardio, sustituir la válvula pulmonar y raíz por una raíz porcina y aneurismorrafía de la arteria pulmonar. Presentó depresión severa de la contractilidad en quirófano que precisó apoyo inotrópico con adrenalina y dobutamina. Posteriormente se extubó en reanimación sin más incidencias. Una ecografía de control cuantificó la fracción de eyección del ventrículo izquierdo en 45%. En la bibliografía hallamos pocos casos de pacientes con cardiopatías congénitas complejas no intervenidos hasta la edad adulta. En ellos hay que considerar la fisiopatología cardiaca e intentar evitar elevaciones de las resistencias sistémicas, al igual que las maniobras que aumenten la resistencia a la eyección del ventrículo derecho. Tras la cirugía hay que intentar minimizar las resistencias vasculares pulmonares(AU)


A 66-year-old man with complex congenital heart defects (atrial septal defects, with incomplete cor triatriatum, an aneurysmal sac in the membranous septum, ventricular communication and pulmonary valve stenosis) was scheduled for surgery for progressive dyspnea even at rest. During anesthetic induction, effort was made to avoid increased shunting. Surgery consisted of resection of the cor triatriatum membrane, closure of communications with pericardial patches, pulmonary valve replacement, replacement of the root with a porcine root, and pulmonary artery aneurysmorrhaphy. Severely decreased contractility developed while the patient was still in the operating room; inotropic support with adrenaline and dobutamine was required. Extubation was completed in the postoperative recovery unit with no further complications. Echocardiography showed a left-ventricular ejection fraction of 45%. We found few published reports of cases of complex congenital heart disease treated surgically in adulthood. In such cases, cardiac pathophysiology must be carefully considered, and maneuvers that increase systemic resistance or right-ventricular ejection fraction should be avoided. Postoperative pulmonary vascular resistance should be kept as low as possible(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Cardiopatias Congênitas/diagnóstico , Cardiopatias Congênitas/tratamento farmacológico , Estenose Subvalvar Pulmonar/complicações , Estenose Subvalvar Pulmonar/tratamento farmacológico , Anestesia , Fibrilação Atrial/complicações , Fibrilação Atrial/tratamento farmacológico , Marca-Passo Artificial , Aneurisma/complicações , Aneurisma/tratamento farmacológico , Eletrocardiografia , Comunicação Interatrial/tratamento farmacológico , Comunicação Interatrial/cirurgia
18.
Rev. esp. anestesiol. reanim ; 57(2): 86-90, feb. 2010. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS (Espanha) | ID: ibc-78830

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: Evaluar la eficacia de dos técnicas invasivasen el tratamiento del dolor miofascial: punción depuntos gatillo con aguja de acupuntura e infiltración delos mismos con lidocaína al 1%.MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se distribuyó a los pacientesaleatoriamente en ambos grupos, de los evaluados duranteun periodo de 7 meses en la Unidad del Dolor y quecumplían los criterios de inclusión. Se practicaron cuatrosesiones por paciente, evaluando la respuesta mediante laEscala Visual Analógica (EVA) y el test de Lattinen.RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 21 pacientes. Once fueronpinchados con aguja de acupuntura y 10 se infiltraroncon lidocaína. Se objetivó una disminución en la puntuaciónen la EVA al final de ambos tratamientos. Los valoresfueron 5,50 ± 2,08 disminuyendo a 2,45 ± 2,05 en elgrupo acupuntura, y 4,8 ± 2,03 disminuyendo a 2,20 ±1,91 en el grupo lidocaína. También se redujo la puntuaciónen el test de Lattinen de 10,63 ± 2,69 a 8,54 ± 3,14con aguja de acupuntura y de 10,9 ± 1,59 a 8,60 ± 2,63con lidocaína. No hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativaen ambas escalas (visual analógica y test deLattinen) entre ambas técnicas.CONCLUSIÓN: Tanto la punción con aguja de acupunturacomo la infiltración con lidocaína demostraron sereficaces en la disminución de la intensidad del dolor alfinal del tratamiento, así como en su influencia en lacalidad de vida, no pudiendo determinar en este grupode pacientes que un método sea superior a otro en el tratamientodel dolor miofascial(AU)


OBJETIVE: To assess the efficacy of 2 invasivetechniques for treating myofascial pain: trigger pointacupuncture and 1% lidocaine infiltration of triggerpoints.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients who met theinclusion criteria were randomized to 2 groups forevaluation at our pain clinic over a period of 7 months.Each patient had 4 treatment sessions. Response wasevaluated on a visual analog scale (VAS) and by meansof the Lattinen test.RESULTS: Twenty-one patients were enrolled. Elevenunderwent acupuncture and 10 received lidocaineinfiltrations. When post-treatment pain was assessed,the mean (SD) VAS scores fell from 5.50 (2.08) to 2.45(2.05) in the acupuncture group and from 4.8 (2.03) to2.2 (1.91) in the lidocaine group. Lattinen test scoresalso fell, from 10.63 (2.69) to 8.54 (3.14) in theacupuncture group and from 10.9 (1.59) to 8.60 (2.63) inthe lidocaine group. There were no statisticallysignificant differences between the 2 treatment groups.CONCLUSION: Both acupuncture and lidocaineinfiltration of trigger points were effective in reducingpain intensity after treatment and in improving qualityof life. One method could not be shown to be better thanthe other for treating myofascial pain(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Dor Facial/etiologia , Dor Facial/terapia , Eficácia/tendências , Resultado do Tratamento , Infiltração-Percolação/métodos , Analgesia por Acupuntura , Pontos de Acupuntura , Anticoagulantes/uso terapêutico , Lidocaína/uso terapêutico , Estudos Prospectivos , Inibidores da Agregação Plaquetária/uso terapêutico
19.
Rev. esp. cir. ortop. traumatol. (Ed. impr.) ; 53(5): 300-304, sept.-oct. 2009. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS (Espanha) | ID: ibc-62155

RESUMO

Objetivos: Valorar la eficacia del bloqueo del femoral (punción única guiada por neuroestimulación) como técnica analgésica en el postoperatorio de artroplastia total de rodilla (ATR) y comparar si hay diferencias si se utilizan como anestésico local bupivacaína 0,25% sola (30ml) o mezcla de bupivacaína 0,25% (15ml) con mepivacaína 2% (15ml), en cuanto al inicio de acción o duración del efecto analgésico. Material y método: Estudio prospectivo, observacional, aleatorizado, de un grupo de 40 pacientes, intervenidos de ATR, mediante la utilización del bloqueo del femoral como técnica analgésica en postoperatorio. Resultados: Se han encontrado diferencias estadísticamente significativas en tiempo de inicio de analgesia usando mezcla de anestésicos (X¯: 2,90min; desviación típica [DT]: 1,36) frente al uso de bupivacaína sola (X¯: 3,85min; DT: 1,21) (p = 0,027). Se obtuvo una mayor duración analgésica con la bupivacaína (X¯: 22h; DT: 10,47) frente a la utilización de la mezcla (X¯: 15,2h; DT: 9,2) (p=0,036). Conclusiones: Para la realización del bloqueo, la adición de mepivacaína a la bupivacaína no aporta ningún beneficio clínico en cuanto a acortamiento en la latencia de inicio de acción, y puede ser contraproducente el uso de la mezcla por la pérdida en horas de analgesia. El bloqueo femoral es una técnica segura, con escasas complicaciones y muy bien aceptada por los pacientes (AU)


Purpose: To assess the efficacy of femoral nerve block (single neurostimulation-guided puncture) as an analgesic technique in postoperative total knee replacement (TKR) in an attempt to identify any potential differences between the use of bupivacaine 0.25% (30ml) or a bupivacaine 0.25% (15ml) + mepivacaine 2% (15ml) mixture as local anesthetics, as regards the inception of their activity and/or the duration of their analgesic effect. Material and methods: Prospective randomized observational study of a group of 40 patients subjected to TKR, with femoral nerve block being used as postoperative analgesic technique. Results: Statistically significant differences were found in terms of the onset of analgesic effect using an anesthetics-mixture (X¯: 2.90min; SD: 1`36) as compared with bupivacaine on its own (X¯: 3.85min; SD: 1.21); (p=0.027). The analgesic effect lasted longer with bupivacaine (X¯: 22h; SD: 10.47) as compared with the mixture (X¯: 15.2h; SD: 9.2) (p=0,036). Conclusions: Addition of mepivacaine to bupivacaine does not contribute any clinical benefit to the nerve block as far as reducing the latency of onset. The use of the mixture could even be counterproductive given the shortening in the effect of analgesia. Femoral block is a safe technique with few complications, which is well accepted by patients (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Artroplastia do Joelho/métodos , Nervo Femoral/cirurgia , Bupivacaína/uso terapêutico , Mepivacaína/uso terapêutico , Analgesia/tendências , Analgesia , Estudos Prospectivos , Sinais e Sintomas
20.
Rev. esp. anestesiol. reanim ; 52(4): 200-207, abr. 2005. tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS (Espanha) | ID: ibc-036966

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: Analizar los factores relacionados con la aparición de la infección en el postoperatorio precoz del trasplante hepático. PACIENTES Y MÉTODO: Estudio retrospectivo sobre 1000 trasplantes hepáticos en pacientes adultos, entre 1991- 2004. Se analizaron las variables pre, intra y postoperatorias de los receptores formando dos grupos al tomar como criterio la presencia o ausencia de infección. RESULTADOS: En 151 pacientes se produjo algún episodio infeccioso. Las infecciones bacterianas fueron las más frecuentes. Los factores que muestran significación estadística en el análisis multivariante son sexo (OR=0,54 [IC95%:0,33-0,90]), estadio de Child- Pugh (OR= 1,89 [IC95%:1,29-2,77]), cirrosis por virus C (OR=0,58 [IC95%:0,34-0,99]), síndrome postreperfusión (SPR) (OR= 1,82 [IC95%:1,03-3,21]), técnica de preservación de cava (OR= 0,43 [IC95%:0,22-0,84]), diabetes mellitus previa (OR= 2,38 [IC95%:1,34-4,22]), síndrome de distrés respiratorio (OR= 6,60 [IC95%:1,16-37,45]), edema pulmonar (OR= 2,36 [IC95%:1,44-3,86]), disfunción renal (OR= 3,25 [IC95%:1,89-5,60]) e insuficiencia renal aguda (OR= 20,24 [IC95%:9,88-41,46]), alteraciones neurológicas (OR= 3,36 [IC95%:1,94-5,82]), hemorragia postoperatoria (OR= 2,80 [IC95%:1,32-5,97]), disfunción del injerto (OR= 2,07 [IC95%:1,21-3,53]) y fallo primario (OR= 0,07 [IC95%:0,01-0,33]). CONCLUSIÓN: La infección es una complicación importante y su control continúa siendo difícil. Hay algunos factores que pueden ser mejorables con un manejo cuidadoso (fallo renal, edema pulmonar) o con una adecuada selección donante-receptor (disfunción inicial), otros en cambio son inherentes al procedimiento (SPR, sexo del paciente) y además se añade la inmunosupresión que actúa como auténtico modulador de la infección tanto en su aparición como en su propia expresividad clínica


OBJECTIVES: To analyze factors related to the development of infection soon after a liver transplant. PATIENTS AND METHOD: Retrospective study of 1000 liver transplants in adults between 1991 and 2004. Pre-, intra- and postoperative variables of recipients were analyzed in 2 groups according to whether infection did or did not develop. RESULTS: Infection developed in 151 patients. Bacterial infections were the most common type. Significant risk factors for infection in the multivariate analysis were sex (odds ratio [OR], 0.54; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.33-0.90); Child-Pugh stage (OR, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.29-2,77); hepatitis C virus cirrhosis (OR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.34-0.99); post-reperfusion syndrome (OR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.03-3.21); vena cava preservation technique (OR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.22-0.84); history of diabetes mellitus (OR, 2.38; 95% CI, 1.34-4.22); respiratory distress syndrome (OR, 6.60; 95% CI, 1.16-37.45); pulmonary edema (OR, 2.36; 95% CI, 1.44-3.86); renal dysfunction (OR, 3.25; 95% CI, 1.89-5.60); acute renal insufficiency (OR, 20.24; 95%CI, 9.88-41.46); neurological alterations (OR, 3.36; 95% CI, 1.94-5.82]); postoperative bleeding (OR, 2.80; 95% CI, 1.32-5.97); graft dysfunction (OR, 2.07; 95% CI, 1.21-3.53); primary graft failure (OR, 0.07; 95% CI, 0.01-0.33). CONCLUSION: Infection is a serious complication that continues to be difficult to control. Certain risk factors can be improved with careful management (kidney failure, pulmonary edema) or appropriate donor-recipient matching (initial dysfunction). Others, however, are inherent to the procedure (post-reperfusion syndrome, sex) or to immunosuppression, which acts as a true mediator of infection with regard to both its appearance and its clinical manifestation


Assuntos
Humanos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Complicações Intraoperatórias , Terapia de Imunossupressão , Transplante de Fígado/efeitos adversos , Fígado/fisiopatologia , Infecções/epidemiologia , Infecções Bacterianas , Prevalência , Incidência , Fatores de Risco , Estudos Retrospectivos , Antibioticoprofilaxia , Readmissão do Paciente , Inflamação , Pneumonia Bacteriana , Hemorragia Pós-Operatória , Anticorpos
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