Virus de papiloma humano y lesión intraepitelial cervical enadolescentes embarazadas / Human papilloma virus and cervical intraepithelial lesion inpregnant adolescents

Objetivo: Comparar la presencia del Virus de Papiloma Humano (VPH) y de lesión Intraepitelial Cervical (LIE) en adolescentes embarazadas y no grávidas atendidas en la Maternidad Dr. Armando Castillo Plaza de Maracaibo, Venezuela. Método: Investigación comparativa con diseño no experimental transeccional y de campo; donde se incluyeron 46 adolescentes embarazadas (casos) y 46adolescentes no embarazadas (controles), escogidas mediante muestreo probabilístico aleatorio, a quienes se les realizó identificación de factores asociados a la patología, evaluación por citología cervicovaginal y Genotipificación del VPH por reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR). Resultados: se encontró que 32,6% de las embarazadas presentaron LIE de bajo grado (VPH o NIC 1) respecto a 21,7% en las no grávidas, común riesgo dos veces mayor (OR [IC95%]= 2,44 [1,05-5,65]). El diagnóstico molecular resultó positivo en la mitad del total de la muestra, siendo mayor en las embarazadas (52,1 vs. 47,9p<0,05);predominado las infecciones pro genotipos de alto riesgo 47,8vs 30,5; p <0,05). El VPH 16 resulto el más prevalente entre las embarazadas (21,7%) y la co-infección por genotipos debajo riesgo (6-11) en las no grávidas (17,4%) Conclusiones: las embarazadas adolescentes presentan una mayor prevalencia de LIE e infección genital por VPH, asociado a un riesgo significativo del doble de probabilidad de presentar una LIE respecto a las adolescentes no grávidas(AU)

Aim: To compare the presence of Human PapillomaVirus (HPV) and Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion (SIL)in pregnant and non-pregnant adolescents treated at the "Maternidad Dr. Armando Castillo Plaza" in Maracaibo, Venezuela. Patients and Methods: A comparative research with non-experimental transectional and field design was performed; where 46 pregnant adolescents (cases) and 46 non-pregnant adolescents (controls) was included, chosen by random probability sampling, who under went identification off actors associated with the pathology, evaluation by pap-smearand HPV genotyping by chain reaction of polymerase (PCR). Results: It was found that 32.6% of pregnant women had lowgrade SIL ( HPV or CIN 1) compared to 21.7% in non-pregnant women, with a risk twice higher (OR [95% CI] = 2.44 [1.05-5.65]). thee molecular diagnosis was positive in half of the total sample, being higher in pregnant women (52.1 vs. 47.9p <0.05);infections with high-risk genotypes predominated 47.8 vs 30.5;p <0.05). HPV 16 was the most prevalent among pregnant women (21.7%) and co-infection by low-risk genotypes (6-11) in non-pregnant women (17.4%). Conclusions: adolescent pregnant women have a higher prevalence of LIE and genital HPV infection, associated with a significant risk of twice the probability of presenting an LIE compared to non-pregnant adolescents(AU)

Recurrence of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma in patients undergoing organ preservation therapy: are there symptoms associated with recurrence?

Introduction: The larynx is a organ of the upper aerodigestive tract that plays an essential role in protecting the airways during swallowing. Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common malignant neoplasm affecting this region and early diagnosis has an important role in treatment outcome. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate whether patients with hypopharyngeal and/or laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) who underwent organ preservation therapy (OPT) present at the time of relapse some factor that determines the local recurrence of the disease. Methods: Patients submitted to OPT were selected at the Cancer Institute of the State of São Paulo (ICESP), at the end of treatment, from January 2012 to December 2017. We collected retrospective data on demographics, clinical staging, location of the primary tumor, presence or absence of recurrence, weight and percentage of weight loss at different moments, alimentary pathway and symptomatology at the time of relapse. Results: The absence of symptoms was associated with the absence of relapse (p <0.001). Fully oral diet at the last visit was a significant factor for the absence of relapse (p = 0.005). The weight comparison of all the patients before the beginning of OPT and after the end of the treatment, showed an average drop of 3.4 kg. In the group-separated analysis, patients who did not recur showed an average loss of 0.7%. Patients with relapse, showed a loss of 2.0% of the weight at the time of relapse. Conclusion: Weight loss and the presence of symptoms were important predictors of recurrence with statistical significance. These factors may help to better manage these patients, with earlier investigations and, therefore, the possibility of rescue treatments with a shorter duration.

Evidence of zoonotic Chlamydophila psittaci transmission in a population at risk in Zulia state, Venezuela.

OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed at investigating the frequency of infection by Cp. psittaci and determining its genotype in individuals at potential risk of exposure to the bacteria. METHODOLOGY: The study involved 170 individuals: a risk group (n= 96) and a low-risk control group (n=74). Cp. psittaci was detected and genotyped by single-tube nested PCR and ompA gene sequencing. RESULTS: Eight (8.3 %) positive cases were detected in the risk group and 1 (1.4 %) in the control group (p<0.04). Cp. psittaci was found in 16.7 % of pigeons' fecal samples. Cp. psittaci infection with was more frequent in symptomatic (17.7 %) than asymptomatic (6.3 %) individuals in the risk group. Analysing the genomes isolated from human and bird specimens revealed the presence of genotype B. CONCLUSION: The presence of Cp. psittaci genotype B in the population being evaluated could have been attributed to zoonotic transmission from pigeons to humans, an underestimated potential public health problem in Venezuela requiring the health authorities' involvement.

Estudio comparativo de implantes de superficie lisa y rugosa / Machined versus rough surface implants, a clinical study. 36-month follow-up

Introducción: la estabilidad primaria es esencial para una oseointegración ideal y depende de las característicasmicro- y macroscópicas del implante. Las características superficiales de un implante influyen de manera importante en la respuesta clínica en términos de oseointegración y sus resultados deben evaluarse a largo plazo. En la literatura se discute sobre los beneficios de utilizar implantes de superficie rugosa para mejorar la oseointegración. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluarla oseointegración de dos grupos de implantes, uno de superficie lisa o maquinada y otro de superficie rugosa o modificada. Métodos: se efectuó seguimiento clínico y radiográfico a 12, 24 y 36 meses a dos grupos de implantes de conexión externa, tipotornillo, de la casa comercial Lifecore®, uno con 30 implantes de superficie lisa (SuperCAT®) y otro con 30 implantes de superficie rugosa (RBM®). Las mediciones a 12, 24 y 36 meses de función fueron comparadas entre sí para determinar el comportamientode la cresta ósea marginal utilizando la plataforma del implante como referencia. Resultados: en los implantes de superficie lisa a los 24 y 36 meses, la pérdida promedio de altura de la cresta ósea fue 1,5mm. En los implantes de superficie rugosa a los 24 meses la pérdida ósea promedio fue 1,4mm, y a los 36 meses fue 1,5mm en promedio. Conclusiones: el seguimiento clínicoy radiográfico de dos grupos de implantes con superficies diferentes no presentó diferencias estadísticamente significativas en cuanto a las variables evaluadas, para casos de restauración de diente único sobre implantes.

Introduction: the implant surface affects the clinical response in terms of osseointegration and should be evaluatedin the long term. In the last years, literature has strongly recommended the use of modified surface implants, in order to improve osseointegration. The primary stability is essential to obtain osseointegration and it depends on the micro and macro characteristicsof the implant and bone structure. The usage of active surfaces is an advantage, but it does not modify the bone density. The aim of this study is to undertake a clinical and radiographic evaluation between two different groups of implants, machined versus modified surfaces. Methods: a 24 to 36 months clinical and radiographic follow-up was done to two groups of Lifecore® implants, one group with 30 machined implants (Super CAT®), and the other one with 30 modified surface (RBM®) external hex connection and screw type implants. Measurements were taken to determine the bone crest behavior using the implant platform as reference at24-36 months of function and were compared with the 12 months measurements. Results: in machined implants at 24-36 months, the average marginal bone loss was 1.5 mm. In modified surface implants at 24 months, the average marginal bone loss was 1.4 mm, and at 36 months, the loss was 1.5 mm. Conclusions: there are no statistical significant differences between the two groups of machined and modified implant surface, for single tooth restoration, as it relates to clinical and radiographic follow up.

Evidence of zoonotic Chlamydophila psittaci transmission in a population at risk in Zulia state, Venezuela / Evidencia de transmisión zoonótica de Chlamydophila psittacci en una población de riesgo del Estado Zulia, Venezuela

Objective This study was aimed at investigating the frequency of infection by Cp. psittaci and determining its genotype in individuals at potential risk of exposure to the bacteria. Methodology The study involved 170 individuals: a risk group (n= 96) and a low-risk control group (n=74). Cp. psittaci was detected and genotyped by single-tube nested PCR and ompA gene sequencing. Results Eight (8.3 %) positive cases were detected in the risk group and 1 (1.4 %) in the control group (p<0.04). Cp. psittaci was found in 16.7 % of pigeons' fecal samples. Cp. psittaci infection with was more frequent in symptomatic (17.7 %) than asymptomatic (6.3 %) individuals in the risk group. Analysing the genomes isolated from human and bird specimens revealed the presence of genotype B. Conclusion The presence of Cp. psittaci genotype B in the population being evaluated could have been attributed to zoonotic transmission from pigeons to humans, an underestimated potential public health problem in Venezuela requiring the health authorities' involvement.

Objetivo El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar la frecuencia de infecciones por Cp. psittaci y determinar su genotipo en individuos con potencial riesgo de exposición a la bacteria. Metodología Se incluyeron 170 individuos, un grupo de riesgo (n=96) y un grupo control (n=74). La detección y genotipificación de Cp. psittaci se llevó a cabo por PCR anidada y secuenciación del gen ompA. Resultados Se detectaron ocho (8,3 %) casos positivos en el grupo de riesgo y 1 (1,35 %) en el grupo control (p<0,04). Cp. psittaci fue detectada en 16,7 % muestras fecales de palomas. En el grupo de riesgo, la frecuencia de infección por Cp. psittaci fue 17,7 % en individuos sintomáticos y 6,3% en asintomáticos. El análisis de los genomas aislados de muestras humanas y aves, revelaron la presencia del genotipo B. Conclusión La presencia de Cp. psittaci genotipo B en la población evaluada podría ser atribuida a transmisión zoonótica de palomas a humanos, un potencial problema de salud pública en nuestra región que requiere la intervención de autoridades sanitarias.