The use of mouthguards in grappling sports: a survey of grapplers in the United Kingdom.

Background Mouthguards are routinely used in many sports, however their use in grappling sports has not really been examined to date, and to the authors' knowledge, there is no available data on the level of dental trauma experienced by this group.Materials and method The authors approached six different grappling schools, as well as leaving an invite on a grappling event page for volunteers to fill out a short survey.Results Around 81 respondents took part in the survey, with nearly 25% reporting that they never wore a mouthguard during grappling, and less than 50% not wearing a mouthguard all the time. Sixty-three percent of respondents had either seen dental and peri-oral injuries, or had experienced dental injuries as a result of grappling.Conclusion More work is needed to investigate whether mouthguards have a positive effect on the dental injury experience, and to establish the percentage of grapplers who at some point will be affected by dental trauma.

Papillary cystadenocarcinoma of the sublingual gland.

A 68-year-old Caucasian gentleman presented with a 6-month history of a left sided Level I/II neck swelling involving the floor of mouth. MRI revealed a large cystic lesion and histology confirmed a diagnosis of primary papillary cystadenocarcinoma of the sublingual gland. Papillary cystadenocarcinoma was first described in 1991 by the World Health Organisation [WHO], and is a rare malignant neoplasm characterised by cysts and papillary endo-cystic projections. Papillary cystadenocarcinoma arising from the sublingual glands is extremely rare and has the potential to metastasise to cervical lymph nodes. This patient we report was therefore treated with surgical excision and post-operative radiotherapy.

Elusive penetrating foreign body to the neck causing partial epiglottic airway obstruction.

We present a case of a penetrating foreign body to the neck, which was difficult to detect, causing partial epiglottic and laryngeal outlet airway obstruction, and subsequent intubation challenges. A systematic approach with rapid access to contrast enhanced CT scanning allowed successful airway and haemorrhage control, removal of a wooden stake from the patient's neck, initially undetected at primary and secondary assessments.

An unusual case of myiasis.

Myiasis-the feeding of fly larvae on living mammals, may have various clinical presentations depending on the tissues or organs involved. Myiasis is a common travel associated skin disorder as a consequence of short visits to developing countries. It is the fourth most common travel associated disease. The most common clinical manifestations of fly larvae infestation include inflammatory and allergic reactions. Ear, eye and respiratory tract infestations are not uncommon and the human botfly Dermatobia hominis is the most recognised causative organism. We present an unusual case report of a myiasis in the upper lip of a patient admitted under the maxillofacial team at South Manchester Hospital.

Infective complications of tattooing and skin piercing.

Body piercing appears to be gaining popularity and social acceptance. With the increase in the number of piercings and tattoos, it is likely that health care providers may see an increase in the complications resulting from these piercings. These may include the transmission of hepatitis viruses and bacteria at the time of the piercing or in the course of wound care. We review the infectious complications that have resulted from body piercing and tattooing that has been documented in the medical literature.