Use of Diagnostic Laparoscopy for Identification of Bilateral Noncommunicating Hydroceles in an Infant with Right-Sided Abdominoscrotal Mass and Left-Sided Scrotal Mass.

Infantile abdominoscrotal hydrocele (ASH) is a rare condition characterized by a dumbbell-shaped cystic mass extending from the scrotum to the abdomen. We present the case of a 4-month-old infant who presented with progressively enlarging bilateral scrotal swelling and a tense, ballotable right-sided abdominal mass with extension into the scrotum. Scrotal ultrasound revealed bilateral hydroceles but exam and ultrasound could not rule out communication. At the time of planned hydrocelectomy, initial diagnostic laparoscopy was used to identify a massive right-sided ASH extending from the internal ring to the umbilicus and a large noncommunicating left-sided hydrocele that was visible with application of pressure to the left side of the scrotum. Following confirmation of anatomy with diagnostic laparoscopy, a scrotal approach to hydrocelectomy was performed as well as bilateral orchidopexy.

Urinary bladder leiomyoma associated with pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis.

Leiomyomas account for less than 0.43% of all bladder tumors. To date only about 250 cases have been reported in the literature. Pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare lung disease featuring abnormal proliferation of atypical smooth muscle cells around bronchovascular structures. We describe a woman with LAM who presented with pelvic pain and was found to have a leiomyoma of the bladder wall. Although urologic manifestations of pulmonary LAM are uncommon, they should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a patient who presents with a pelvic mass and a history of LAM.

Isolated prostate cancer recurrence presenting as pelvic mass nine years after radical retropubic prostatectomy.

Pelvic seeding from radical retropubic prostatectomy for adenocarcinoma of the prostate is uncommon. We describe a patient who presented with a prostate-specific antigen recurrence and was found to have a solitary metastasis adjacent to his pubic bone 9 years after radical prostatectomy. Computed tomography scanning followed by surgery documented the pelvic recurrence.