RESUMO
Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) causes DNA damage in melanocytes by producing photolesions such as cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers and 8-oxo-7-hydrodeoxyguanosine. The production of reactive oxygen species by UVR also induces inflammatory cytokines that, together with the inherent immunosuppressive properties of UVR, propagate carcinogenesis. Nicotinamide (Vitamin B3 ) enhances DNA repair, modulates the inflammatory environment produced by UVR, and reduces UV-induced immunosuppression. As nicotinamide reduces the incidence of actinic keratoses and nonmelanoma skin cancers in high-risk individuals and enhances repair of DNA damage in melanocytes, it is a promising agent for the chemoprevention of melanoma in high-risk populations.
Assuntos
Carcinoma Basocelular/prevenção & controle , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/prevenção & controle , Melanoma/prevenção & controle , Niacinamida/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias Cutâneas/prevenção & controle , Complexo Vitamínico B/uso terapêutico , Animais , Reparo do DNA/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Imunomodulação/efeitos dos fármacos , Niacinamida/farmacologia , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , Complexo Vitamínico B/farmacologiaRESUMO
In India, fair skin is a highly valued physical attribute. Skin lightener products comprise 60% of the dermatological market. This cross-sectional study was conducted in the general medical outpatient clinics of Champa Christian Hospital to elucidate the perceptions of fair skin and determinants/pattern of skin lighter use. Demographics, pattern of skin lightener use and incidence of side effects, perceptions of lighter skin tones were the main outcomes and measures studied. The use of skin lighteners was highly prevalent in our study population. Believing that lighter skin is beneficial for self-esteem is a predictor for skin lightener use. Higher education was associated with lower perceived benefits of fairer skin and therefore reduced skin lightener use. Further education and increased community awareness are important to address the issues surrounding potential over-use of skin-lightening products.
Assuntos
Técnicas Cosméticas/estatística & dados numéricos , Pacientes Ambulatoriais/estatística & dados numéricos , Preparações Clareadoras de Pele/administração & dosagem , Pele , Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Índia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Percepção , Fatores Sexuais , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Adulto JovemRESUMO
A 47-year-old man presented with an acute, cutaneous eruption of exquisitely painful papules at the operative site 4 weeks after a right tibial osteotomy. Initially this was managed as a postoperative wound infection; however the exacerbation and spread of the cutaneous eruption prompted further investigation. Histopathology and clinical findings were consistent with the development of Sweet's syndrome and resolution was obtained after the initiation of dapsone. We propose that surgery may produce an acute inflammatory response in a similar manner to pathergy reactions, which play an aetiological role in other neutrophilic dermatoses, such as pyoderma gangrenosum. We conclude that there may be greater overlap between these neutrophilic dermatoses than previously appreciated.
Assuntos
Dermatoses da Perna/etiologia , Osteotomia/efeitos adversos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Síndrome de Sweet/etiologia , Humanos , Dermatoses da Perna/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/patologia , Síndrome de Sweet/patologia , TíbiaRESUMO
Diffuse melanosis cutis (DMC) is a rare presentation of metastatic melanoma associated with a particularly guarded prognosis. We report a case of a 35-year-old man with BRAF(V600E) metastatic melanoma treated with dabrafenib (as well as ipilimumab and whole brain radiotherapy), who is alive, 25 months after the onset of his DMC. This is significantly longer than the reported mean survival of 4 months, highlighting the importance of BRAF mutation testing and the promising survival advantage of using targeted therapies compared with conventional chemotherapeutic regimens.
Assuntos
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias Encefálicas/radioterapia , Melanoma/terapia , Melanose/etiologia , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas B-raf/genética , Neoplasias Cutâneas/terapia , Adulto , Anticorpos Monoclonais/administração & dosagem , Neoplasias Encefálicas/secundário , Humanos , Imidazóis/administração & dosagem , Ipilimumab , Masculino , Melanoma/genética , Melanoma/secundário , Terapia de Alvo Molecular , Mutação , Oximas/administração & dosagem , Neoplasias Cutâneas/genética , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologiaRESUMO
Cardiac myxoma often presents with heterogeneous symptoms and signs and represents a challenging diagnosis. The cutaneous manifestations, if present, are often transient and non-specific and the clinician must possess a high degree of suspicion to secure the diagnosis. We present the case of a 36-year-old woman with a 6-month history of intermittent, painful, violaceous, non-blanching macules on the thumb and fingertips of the left hand and right ankle. A cutaneous embolic phenomenon was suspected and an urgent echocardiogram demonstrated an atrial mass, with subsequent histopathology confirming the clinical suspicion of atrial myxoma. Early diagnosis and excision of the tumour avoided serious complications.