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Squeezing of the quadratures of the electromagnetic field has been extensively studied in optics and microwaves. However, previous works focused on the generation of squeezed states in a low impedance (Z_{0}≈50 Ω) environment. We report here on the demonstration of the squeezing of bosonic edge magnetoplasmon modes in a quantum Hall conductor whose characteristic impedance is set by the quantum of resistance (R_{K}≈25 kΩ), offering the possibility of an enhanced coupling to low-dimensional quantum conductors. By applying a combination of dc and ac drives to a quantum point contact, we demonstrate squeezing and observe a noise reduction 18% below the vacuum fluctuations. This level of squeezing can be improved by using more complex conductors, such as ac driven quantum dots or mesoscopic capacitors.
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The gene encoding adhesion G protein-coupled receptor L3 (ADGRL3, also referred to as latrophilin 3 or LPHN3) has been associated with ADHD susceptibility in independent ADHD samples. We conducted a systematic review and a comprehensive meta-analysis to summarize the associations between the most studied ADGRL3 polymorphisms (rs6551665, rs1947274, rs1947275, and rs2345039) and both childhood and adulthood ADHD. Eight association studies (seven published and one unpublished) fulfilled criteria for inclusion in our meta-analysis. We also incorporated GWAS data for ADGRL3. In order to avoid overlapping samples, we started with summary statistics from GWAS samples and then added data from gene association studies. The results of our meta-analysis suggest an effect of ADGRL3 variants on ADHD susceptibility in children (n = 8724/14,644 cases/controls and 1893 families): rs6551665 A allele (Z score = -2.701; p = 0.0069); rs1947274 A allele (Z score = -2.033; p = 0.0421); rs1947275 T allele (Z score = 2.339; p = 0.0978); and rs2345039 C allele (Z score = 3.806; p = 0.0026). Heterogeneity was found in analyses for three SNPs (rs6551665, rs1947274, and rs2345039). In adults, results were not significant (n = 6532 cases/15,874 controls): rs6551665 A allele (Z score = 2.005; p = 0.0450); rs1947274 A allele (Z score = 2.179; p = 0.0293); rs1947275 T allele (Z score = -0.822; p = 0.4109); and rs2345039 C allele (Z score = -1.544; p = 0.1226). Heterogeneity was found just for rs6551665. In addition, funnel plots did not suggest publication biases. Consistent with ADGRL3's role in early neurodevelopment, our findings suggest that the gene is predominantly associated with childhood ADHD.
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Transtorno do Deficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade , Adulto , Transtorno do Deficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade/genética , Criança , Estudos de Associação Genética , Predisposição Genética para Doença/genética , Humanos , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único/genética , Receptores Acoplados a Proteínas G/genética , Receptores de Peptídeos/genéticaRESUMO
We aimed to detect Attention-deficit/hyperactivity (ADHD) risk-conferring genes in adults. In children, ADHD is characterized by age-inappropriate levels of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity and may persists into adulthood. Childhood and adulthood ADHD are heritable, and are thought to represent the clinical extreme of a continuous distribution of ADHD symptoms in the general population. We aimed to leverage the power of studies of quantitative ADHD symptoms in adults who were genotyped. Within the SAGA (Study of ADHD trait genetics in adults) consortium, we estimated the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based heritability of quantitative self-reported ADHD symptoms and carried out a genome-wide association meta-analysis in nine adult population-based and case-only cohorts of adults. A total of n = 14,689 individuals were included. In two of the SAGA cohorts we found a significant SNP-based heritability for self-rated ADHD symptom scores of respectively 15% (n = 3656) and 30% (n = 1841). The top hit of the genome-wide meta-analysis (SNP rs12661753; p-value = 3.02 × 10-7) was present in the long non-coding RNA gene STXBP5-AS1. This association was also observed in a meta-analysis of childhood ADHD symptom scores in eight population-based pediatric cohorts from the Early Genetics and Lifecourse Epidemiology (EAGLE) ADHD consortium (n = 14,776). Genome-wide meta-analysis of the SAGA and EAGLE data (n = 29,465) increased the strength of the association with the SNP rs12661753. In human HEK293 cells, expression of STXBP5-AS1 enhanced the expression of a reporter construct of STXBP5, a gene known to be involved in "SNAP" (Soluble NSF attachment protein) Receptor" (SNARE) complex formation. In mouse strains featuring different levels of impulsivity, transcript levels in the prefrontal cortex of the mouse ortholog Gm28905 strongly correlated negatively with motor impulsivity as measured in the five choice serial reaction time task (r2 = - 0.61; p = 0.004). Our results are consistent with an effect of the STXBP5-AS1 gene on ADHD symptom scores distribution and point to a possible biological mechanism, other than antisense RNA inhibition, involved in ADHD-related impulsivity levels.
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Transtorno do Deficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade/genética , Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso/genética , Proteínas R-SNARE/genética , RNA Longo não Codificante/genética , Adulto , Animais , Transtorno do Deficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade/metabolismo , Estudos de Coortes , DNA Antissenso/genética , DNA Antissenso/metabolismo , Feminino , Predisposição Genética para Doença/genética , Genética Populacional/métodos , Estudo de Associação Genômica Ampla , Genótipo , Células HEK293 , Humanos , Masculino , Camundongos , Fenótipo , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único/genética , RNA Longo não Codificante/metabolismo , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
Methylphenidate (MPH) is the most frequently used pharmacological treatment in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. However, a considerable interindividual variability exists in clinical outcome, which may reflect underlying genetic influences. We analyzed 57 single-nucleotide polymorphisms in 9 dopamine-related candidate genes (TH, DBH, COMT, DAT1 and DRD1-5) as potential predictors of MPH efficacy and tolerability, and we considered prenatal and perinatal risk factors as environmental hazards that may influence treatment effects in a gene-by-environment analysis. Our results provide evidence for the contribution of DRD3 (P=0.041; odds ratio (OR)=4.00), DBH (P=0.032; OR=2.85), TH (P=5.5e-03; OR=4.34) and prenatal smoking (P=1.7e-03; OR=5.10) to the clinical efficacy of MPH, with a higher risk for treatment failure in genetically susceptible subjects whose mother smoked during pregnancy. Adverse events after MPH treatment were significantly associated with variation in DBH (P=6.4e-03; OR=0.28) and DRD2 (P=0.047; OR=3.76). This study suggests that the dopaminergic system together with prenatal smoking exposure may moderate MPH treatment effects.
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Transtorno do Deficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade/tratamento farmacológico , Estimulantes do Sistema Nervoso Central/uso terapêutico , Inibidores da Captação de Dopamina/uso terapêutico , Metilfenidato/uso terapêutico , Farmacogenética , Variantes Farmacogenômicos , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Adolescente , Transtorno do Deficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade/diagnóstico , Estimulantes do Sistema Nervoso Central/efeitos adversos , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Inibidores da Captação de Dopamina/efeitos adversos , Dopamina beta-Hidroxilase/genética , Feminino , Frequência do Gene , Interação Gene-Ambiente , Haplótipos , Humanos , Metilfenidato/efeitos adversos , Razão de Chances , Fenótipo , Gravidez , Efeitos Tardios da Exposição Pré-Natal , Receptores de Dopamina D2/genética , Receptores de Dopamina D3/genética , Fatores de Risco , Fumar/efeitos adversos , Resultado do Tratamento , Tirosina 3-Mono-Oxigenase/genéticaRESUMO
Neutral Lipid Storage Disease with Myopathy (NLSDM) is a rare defect of triacylglycerol metabolism, characterized by the abnormal storage of neutral lipid in organelles known as lipid droplets (LDs). The main clinical features are progressive myopathy and cardiomyopathy. The onset of NLSDM is caused by autosomal recessive mutations in the PNPLA2 gene, which encodes adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL). Despite its name, this enzyme is present in a wide variety of cell types and catalyzes the first step in triacylglycerol lipolysis and the release of fatty acids. Here, we report the derivation of NLSDM-induced pluripotent stem cells (NLSDM-iPSCs) from fibroblasts of two patients carrying different PNPLA2 mutations. The first patient was homozygous for the c.541delAC, while the second was homozygous for the c.662G>C mutation in the PNPLA2 gene. We verified that the two types of NLSDM-iPSCs possessed properties of embryonic-like stem cells and could differentiate into the three germ layers in vitro. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed that iPSCs had an abnormal accumulation of triglycerides in LDs, the hallmark of NLSDM. Furthermore, NLSDM-iPSCs were deficient in long chain fatty acid lipolysis, when subjected to a pulse chase experiment with oleic acid. Collectively, these results demonstrate that NLSDM-iPSCs are a promising in vitro model to investigate disease mechanisms and screen drug compounds for NLSDM, a rare disease with few therapeutic options.
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Fibroblastos/citologia , Lipase/genética , Erros Inatos do Metabolismo Lipídico/patologia , Doenças Musculares/patologia , Células-Tronco Pluripotentes/citologia , Técnicas de Cultura de Células , Diferenciação Celular , Fibroblastos/patologia , Humanos , Erros Inatos do Metabolismo Lipídico/genética , Erros Inatos do Metabolismo Lipídico/metabolismo , Lipólise , Modelos Biológicos , Doenças Musculares/genética , Doenças Musculares/metabolismo , Mutação , Células-Tronco Pluripotentes/metabolismo , Células-Tronco Pluripotentes/patologia , Triglicerídeos/metabolismoRESUMO
The aim of this study was to estimate the impact of the haematological manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) on mortality in hospitalized patients. For that purpose a case-control study of hospitalized patients in a medical referral centre from January 2009 to December 2014 was performed. For analysis, patients hospitalized for any haematological activity of SLE ( n = 103) were compared with patients hospitalized for other manifestations of SLE activity or complications of treatment ( n = 206). Taking as a variable outcome hospital death, an analysis of potential associated factors was performed. The most common haematological manifestation was thrombocytopenia (63.1%), followed by haemolytic anaemia (30%) and neutropenia (25.2%). In the group of haematological manifestations, 17 (16.5%) deaths were observed compared to 10 (4.8%) deaths in the control group ( P < 0.001). The causes of death were similar in both groups. In the analysis of the variables, it was found that only haematological manifestations were associated with intra-hospital death (odds ratio 3.87, 95% confidence interval 1.8-88, P < 0.001). Our study suggests that apparently any manifestation of haematological activity of SLE is associated with poor prognosis and contributes to increased hospital mortality.
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Anemia Hemolítica/epidemiologia , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/mortalidade , Neutropenia/epidemiologia , Trombocitopenia/epidemiologia , Adulto , Anemia Hemolítica/mortalidade , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Linhagem Celular , Feminino , Mortalidade Hospitalar , Hospitalização/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/complicações , Masculino , Neutropenia/mortalidade , Prognóstico , Trombocitopenia/mortalidade , Adulto JovemRESUMO
PURPOSE: Over the last few years, disordered eating in athletes has received increasing attention. According to several studies, athletes could be more vulnerable to disordered eating and some characteristics specific to the athletic community could be in favour of an increased risk of poor body image and disturbed eating habits in athletes. However, the literature is sparse and some methodological issues in studies have been pointed out. In this context, we aimed at determining the prevalence of disordered eating in French high-level athletes using clinical interviews of three different clinicians and identifying what are the factors associated with disordered eating in athletes. METHODS: In France, all athletes registered on the French high-level list have to undergo a yearly evaluation. Data collected during the somatic assessment, the dietary consultation, and the psychological of the yearly evaluation were used. Multivariate analysis was performed for identification of factors associated with disordered eating. RESULTS: Out of the 340 athletes included, 32.9% have been detected with a disordered eating. They were difficult to detect by clinicians, as usual criteria did not seem to be reliable for athletes. Competing in sports emphasizing leanness or low body weight was associated with disordered eating; however, gender was not. CONCLUSION: These results highlight the need for the development of specific screening tools for high-level athletes. Furthermore, the identification of factors associated with disordered eating could improve early detection and prevention program effectiveness.
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Atletas/psicologia , Imagem Corporal/psicologia , Dopagem Esportivo/psicologia , Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos/epidemiologia , Esportes/psicologia , Adolescente , Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos/diagnóstico , Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos/psicologia , Feminino , França , Humanos , Masculino , Prevalência , Adulto JovemRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: We sought to identify the technique yielding the best reproducibility from among various measures of native maximum abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) diameter with computed tomography angiography (CTA). METHODS: Ten parameters of maximum diameter in 68 native AAA were measured double-blind by three radiologists on orthogonal planes, curved multiplanar reconstructions, and, finally, using semi-automated software. The semi-automated software creates the AAA lumen centreline and automatically provides cross sections perpendicular to this centreline. The maximum diameter in any direction is automatically calculated once the slice of interest has been selected. Intra- and inter-observer reproducibility and discordance >5 mm were analysed. RESULTS: Intra-observer reproducibility was high. The limits of agreement were within the clinically accepted range [-5; +5 mm] in 27/30 (90%) comparisons. The method common to all three observers that yielded the lowest values was the semi-automated method. Inter-observer reproducibility was poorer. The limits were outside the clinically accepted range in 26/30 (87%) comparisons. The semi-automated method led to lower intra- (0%) and inter-observer (5.88%) discordances rates. CONCLUSION: Even using precise methodology, the reproducibility of maximum diameter measurements of native AAA on CTA may exceed recommended thresholds. The semi-automatic method yielded the lower discordance rates and provided a more relevant anatomical approach for measuring the maximum diameter of an AAA.
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Aorta Abdominal/diagnóstico por imagem , Aneurisma da Aorta Abdominal/diagnóstico por imagem , Aortografia/métodos , Tomografia Computadorizada Multidetectores , Interpretação de Imagem Radiográfica Assistida por Computador , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Automação Laboratorial , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Variações Dependentes do Observador , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , SoftwareRESUMO
Anyons are exotic low-dimensional quasiparticles whose unconventional quantum statistics extend the binary particle division into fermions and bosons. The fractional quantum Hall regime provides a natural host, with the first convincing anyon signatures recently observed through interferometry and cross-correlations of colliding beams. However, the fractional regime is rife with experimental complications, such as an anomalous tunneling density of states, which impede the manipulation of anyons. Here we show experimentally that the canonical integer quantum Hall regime can provide a robust anyon platform. Exploiting the Coulomb interaction between two copropagating quantum Hall channels, an electron injected into one channel splits into two fractional charges behaving as abelian anyons. Their unconventional statistics is revealed by negative cross-correlations between dilute quasiparticle beams. Similarly to fractional quantum Hall observations, we show that the negative signal stems from a time-domain braiding process, here involving the incident fractional quasiparticles and spontaneously generated electron-hole pairs. Beyond the dilute limit, a theoretical understanding is achieved via the edge magnetoplasmon description of interacting integer quantum Hall channels. Our findings establish that, counter-intuitively, the integer quantum Hall regime provides a platform of choice for exploring and manipulating quasiparticles with fractional quantum statistics.
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YABBY genes encode specific TFs of seed plants involved in development and formation of leaves, flowers, and fruit. In the present work, genome-wide and expression analyses of the YABBY gene family were performed in six species of the Fragaria genus: Fragaria × ananassa, F. daltoniana, F. nilgerrensis, F. pentaphylla, F. viridis, and F. vesca. The chromosomal location, synteny pattern, gene structure, and phylogenetic analyses were carried out. By combining RNA-seq data and RT-qPCR analysis we explored specific expression of YABBYs in F. × ananassa and F. vesca. We also analysed the promoter regions of FaYABBYs and performed MeJA application to F. × ananassa fruit to observe effects on gene expression. We identified and characterized 25 YABBY genes in F. × ananassa and six in each of the other five species, which belong to FIL/YAB3 (YABBY1), YAB2 (YABBY2), YAB5 (YABBY5), CRC, and INO clades previously described. Division of the YABBY1 clade into YABBY1.1 and YABBY1.2 subclades is reported. We observed differential expression according to tissue, where some FaYABBYs are expressed mainly in leaves and flowers and to a minor extent during fruit development of F. × ananassa. Specifically, the FaINO genes contain jasmonate-responsive cis-acting elements in their promoters which may be functional since FaINOs are upregulated in F. × ananassa fruit under MeJA treatment. This study suggests that YABBY TFs play an important role in the development- and environment-associated responses of the Fragaria genus.
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Ciclopentanos , Diploide , Fragaria , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas , Oxilipinas , Filogenia , Proteínas de Plantas , Fatores de Transcrição , Fragaria/genética , Fatores de Transcrição/genética , Fatores de Transcrição/metabolismo , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo , Ciclopentanos/metabolismo , Ciclopentanos/farmacologia , Oxilipinas/farmacologia , Oxilipinas/metabolismo , Frutas/genética , Frutas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Poliploidia , Acetatos/farmacologia , Regiões Promotoras Genéticas/genética , Sintenia , Família MultigênicaRESUMO
Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors are rare lesions that have been described in virtually every organ including the gastrointestinal tract. The esophagus is an extremely unusual site for these tumors, with only a few cases described in the literature. Surgery has been the most common therapeutic approach used for the resection of these lesions. In the present case, a patient diagnosed with an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the upper esophagus was reported, and it was successfully removed by endoscopy with no complications.
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Doenças do Esôfago/cirurgia , Esofagoscopia/métodos , Granuloma de Células Plasmáticas/cirurgia , Actinas/análise , Receptores de Activinas Tipo II/análise , Eletrocirurgia/instrumentação , Eletrocirurgia/métodos , Esofagoscópios , Feminino , Humanos , Linfócitos/patologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Plasmócitos/patologia , Pólipos/cirurgiaRESUMO
Desmin-related myopathy (OMIM 601419) is a familial disorder characterized by skeletal muscle weakness associated with cardiac conduction blocks, arrhythmias and restrictive heart failure, and by intracytoplasmic accumulation of desmin-reactive deposits in cardiac and skeletal muscle cells. The underlying molecular mechanisms are unknown. Involvement of the desmin gene (DES) has been excluded in three families diagnosed with desmin-related myopathy. We report two new families with desmin-related cardioskeletal myopathy associated with mutations in the highly conserved carboxy-terminal end of the desmin rod domain. A heterozygous A337P mutation was identified in a family with an adult-onset skeletal myopathy and mild cardiac involvement. Compound heterozygosity for two other mutations, A360P and N393I, was detected in a second family characterized by childhood-onset aggressive course of cardiac and skeletal myopathy.
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Cardiomiopatias/genética , Desmina/genética , Doenças Musculares/genética , Mutação Puntual/genética , Adulto , Idade de Início , Idoso , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Análise Mutacional de DNA , Feminino , Heterozigoto , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Dados de Sequência Molecular , LinhagemRESUMO
The influence of anesthetic technique on postoperative outcomes has opened a wide field of research in recent years. High-risk patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery are those who have higher incidence of postoperative complications and mortality. A proper definition of this group of patients should focus maximal efforts and resources to improve the results. In view of the significant reduction in postoperative mortality and morbidity in last 20 years, perioperative research should take into account new indicators to investigate the role of anesthetic techniques on postoperative outcomes. Studies focused on the evaluation of intermediate outcomes would probably discriminate better effectiveness differences between anesthetic techniques. We review some of the major controversies arising in the literature about the impact of anesthetic techniques on postoperative outcomes. We have grouped the impact of these techniques into 9 major investigation areas: mortality, cardiovascular complications, respiratory complications, postoperative cognitive dysfunction, chronic postoperative pain, cancer recurrence, postoperative nausea/vomiting, surgical outcomes and resources utilization. In this first part of the review, we discuss the basis on postoperative outcomes research, mortality, cardiovascular and respiratory complications.
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Anestesia/métodos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Operatórios , Humanos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
The knowledge of the influence of anesthetic techniques in postoperative outcomes has opened a large field of research in recent years. In this second part, we review some of the major controversies arising from the literature on the impact of anesthetic techniques on postoperative outcomes in 6 areas: postoperative cognitive dysfunction, chronic postoperative pain, cancer recurrence, postoperative nausea/vomiting, surgical outcomes, and resources utilization. The development of protective and preventive anesthetic strategies against short and long-term postoperative complications will probably occupy an important role in our daily anesthetic practice. Dynamic postoperative pain control has been confirmed as one of the basic requirements of accelerated postoperative recovery programs ("fast-track surgery"), and it is also a preventive factor for development of chronic postoperative pain. The weight of anesthetic technique on postoperative immunosuppression is to be defined. The potential influence of anesthesia on cancer recurrence, is a highly controversial area of research. The classic pattern of perioperative fluid therapy may increase postoperative complications. On the other hand, the maintenance of normoglycemia and normothermia was associated with a decreased postoperative morbidity. The high volume of surgical procedures means that the adequacy of human, organizational and technological resources have a major impact on overall costs.
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Anestesia/métodos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Operatórios , Analgésicos/efeitos adversos , Analgésicos/uso terapêutico , Anestesia/efeitos adversos , Depressores do Sistema Nervoso Central/efeitos adversos , Dor Crônica/epidemiologia , Dor Crônica/etiologia , Dor Crônica/prevenção & controle , Transtornos Cognitivos/epidemiologia , Transtornos Cognitivos/etiologia , Delírio/epidemiologia , Delírio/etiologia , Transfusão de Eritrócitos , Hidratação/efeitos adversos , Recursos em Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Hiperalgesia/prevenção & controle , Hiperglicemia/prevenção & controle , Hipotermia/prevenção & controle , Tempo de Internação , Metástase Neoplásica , Neoplasias/imunologia , Neoplasias/cirurgia , Dor Pós-Operatória/tratamento farmacológico , Dor Pós-Operatória/epidemiologia , Dor Pós-Operatória/etiologia , Cuidados Pós-Operatórios/efeitos adversos , Cuidados Pós-Operatórios/métodos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/prevenção & controle , Náusea e Vômito Pós-Operatórios/epidemiologia , Náusea e Vômito Pós-Operatórios/etiologia , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Spain is the country with the highest number of health care workers affected by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the world. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiology of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) infection in health care worker (HCW) at the Gómez Ulla Military Hospital (HCDGU). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A case-control study was conducted during the first outbreak of COVID 19 at GUMH. The study was extended to the total number of HCW in the hospital who met the inclusion criteria. Health care worker of the HCDGU were civilian and military personnel that included nursing and medicine students of Spanish Military Academy, medicine specialty residents, and nursing residents of Medical Surgical Specialty in Operations (EMQO). A questionnaire of 33 items was prepared. The questionnaire was sent by e-mail to the entire population of study. With this questionnaire personnel were classified into sick (cases) or healthy. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: One hundred fifty professionals answered the questionnaire. Cases were defined as those who tested positive in the diagnostic tests (n = 28, 20.7%) and no cases were those who tested negative (n = 107, 79.3%). Therefore, the percentage of SARS-CoV-2 in the GUMH was 20.7%. Of the total number of cases, 64.3% were men (P < .05), with a mean age of 47.1 years (SD 13.3), a mean BMI of 25.3 (SD 3.8), and 48.2% being overweight. Of the total cases, 59.3% had "A" blood group type and 69.2% were Rh positive. 50% were physicians, 32.1% were nurses, and 17.9% were auxiliary nurses (P < .05). Cases and controls with vitamin D deficiency and who took supplements had a lower risk of suffering COVID-19, with significant differences. Fever, cough, and diarrhea were found in at least 50% of the samples with significant differences.
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COVID-19 , Masculino , Estados Unidos , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Feminino , COVID-19/epidemiologia , SARS-CoV-2 , Hospitais Militares , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Pessoal de Saúde , Inquéritos e Questionários , Atenção à SaúdeRESUMO
Hypereosinophilic syndrome is an uncommon disorder in the cat. It is a heterogeneous group of conditions defined by a persistent hypereosinophilia associated with organ damage directly attributable to tissue hypereosinophilia. A seven-year-old castrated domestic shorthair cat presented to the emergency service for dyspnea. Initial physical examination identified the presence of a grade III/VI systolic left parasternal murmur with no gallop or arrhythmia. A snap N-terminal-pro hormone brain natriuretic peptide was abnormal, and a point-of-care ultrasound revealed mild pleural effusion, scant pericardial effusion, and an enlarged left atrium. There was leukemia (72.35 K/uL, reference range 4.5-15.7 K/uL) predominated by eosinophilia (33.84 K/uL; reference range 0-1.9 K/uL). On echocardiogram, there was concentric hypertrophy of the left ventricular walls with irregular endocardial borders. The left atrium was enlarged with evidence of spontaneous echogenic contrast. The mitral valve was thickened with a vegetative lesion on the anterior leaflet. Despite treatment, the patient experienced cardiopulmonary arrest, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation was unsuccessful. Complete necropsy with histopathology revealed eosinophilic infiltrates in multiple organs and the presence of a severe, acute-on-chronic, fibrinous, and eosinophilic-granulomatous endomyocarditis with mural thrombosis and marked endocardial fibrosis. This case represents an unusual presentation of the hypereosinophilic syndrome in the cat with cardiac involvement and congestive heart failure as a primary clinical sign.
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Doenças do Gato , Fibrose Endomiocárdica , Insuficiência Cardíaca , Síndrome Hipereosinofílica , Miocardite , Animais , Doenças do Gato/diagnóstico por imagem , Gatos , Fibrose Endomiocárdica/veterinária , Insuficiência Cardíaca/complicações , Insuficiência Cardíaca/veterinária , Síndrome Hipereosinofílica/complicações , Síndrome Hipereosinofílica/diagnóstico , Síndrome Hipereosinofílica/veterinária , Valva Mitral/patologia , Miocardite/patologia , Miocardite/veterináriaRESUMO
We demonstrate a hybrid architecture consisting of a quantum dot circuit coupled to a single mode of the electromagnetic field. We use single wall carbon nanotube based circuits inserted in superconducting microwave cavities. By probing the nanotube dot using a dispersive readout in the Coulomb blockade and the Kondo regime, we determine an electron-photon coupling strength which should enable circuit QED experiments with more complex quantum dot circuits.
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Radical cystectomy with extended pelvic lymphadenectomy remains the treatment of choice for muscle invasive bladder cancer and non-metastatic chorion-invasive high grade tumors resistant to treatment with intravesical chemotherapy. During the last decade the procedure has been refined and we have acquired the skills necessary to perform it using the laparoscopic approach. In this way, the oncologic and functional outcomes obtained can be compared to those of its open counterpart. This article describes in detail the technique of radical cystoprostatectomy and urinary diversion in the male patient conducted by our group in an attempt to improve the knowledge and spread of this always difficult procedure.
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Cistectomia/métodos , Laparoscopia/métodos , Derivação Urinária/métodos , Carcinoma de Células de Transição/patologia , Carcinoma de Células de Transição/cirurgia , Contraindicações , Humanos , Excisão de Linfonodo/métodos , Masculino , Resultado do Tratamento , Bexiga Urinária/patologia , Bexiga Urinária/cirurgia , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/patologia , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/cirurgiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To describe management of acute postoperative pain on the surgical ward. To study the relationship between pain and a variety of surgical procedures and approaches. To determine the level of information patients received, their expectations, and their satisfaction with treatment of postoperative pain. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Cross-sectional observational study by survey and review of patient records. We studied 234 patients, including all who were hospitalized for more than 24 hours after scheduled or emergency operations. The main variables recorded were pain intensity at rest and during movement, including on the day after surgery, and the surgical procedure and approach. RESULTS: The prevalence of pain (>3 on a numerical scale) on the surgical ward was 33% at rest and 66% during movement. The prevalence of intense pain (>6 on the numerical scale) was 1.7% at rest and 7.3% during movement. Factors related to greater pain intensity were timing, that is, the first day after surgery, when 74.4% of patients experienced their most intense pain; type of surgery and approach (P<.004); and expecting to experience moderate or intense pain (P<.001). CONCLUSIONS: Recording the prevalence of postoperative pain on a surgical ward provides information about the real situation of acute postoperative pain control. Pain on movement is a principal indicator for detecting groups of patients for whom analgesic protocols could be improved. Type of surgery and approach is a fundamental factor to consider when comparing the results of analgesic protocols.
Assuntos
Dor Pós-Operatória/terapia , Doença Aguda , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Salas Cirúrgicas , Satisfação do Paciente , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adulto JovemRESUMO
PURPOSE: This study evaluated hydrogen peroxide (HP) diffusion within the pulp chamber, as well as color change and the surface morphology of teeth subjected to various microabrasion (MA) protocols associated or not with in-office (IO) bleaching. METHODS: Forty sound premolars were randomly divided into the following four groups (n=10): no treatment (NC); IO bleaching only; IO immediately after MA (IMA), and IO seven days after MA (7MA). After treatments, the HP concentration (µg/mL) within the pulp chamber was determined using ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometry. The color change (ΔE*) was evaluated using the digital spectrophotometer before and 1 week after bleaching. The surface morphology was evaluated by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Data from each test were submitted to one-way ANOVA and Tukey tests (α=0.05). RESULTS: All experimental groups exhibited higher HP concentrations compared to the NC group (p<0.00001). However, higher amounts of HP were observed for the IMA group compared to the IO and 7MA groups (p<0.00001). No significant difference in color change was observed among the groups (p<0.001). Pronounced grooves in enamel were found in the IMA and 7MA groups. However, enamel erosion areas were observed only in the 7MA group. CONCLUSIONS: The association between MA and IO bleaching could significantly affect the amount of HP inside the pulp chamber. Therefore, it is highly recommended to wait for 1 week after MA procedures before performing IO bleaching.