Effects of the acute exposition to glyphosate-based herbicide on oxidative stress parameters and antioxidant responses in a hybrid Amazon fish surubim (Pseudoplatystoma sp).

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of acute glyphosate (active ingredient) exposure on the oxidative stress biomarkers and antioxidant defenses of a hybrid surubim (Pseudoplatystoma sp). The fish were exposed to different herbicide concentrations for 96 h. The thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), protein carbonyls and antioxidant responses were verified. The 15 mg a.pL(-1) of herbicide resulted in the death of 50% of the fish after 96 h. An increase in liver and muscle TBARS levels was observed when fish were exposed to the herbicide. The protein carbonyl content was also increased in the liver (4.5mg a.pL(-1) concentration) and brain (2.25 mg a.pL(-1) concentration). The antioxidant activities decreased in the liver and brain after exposure to herbicide. Levels of ascorbic acid in the liver (2.25 mg a.pL(-1) and 4.5 mg a.pL(-1) concentrations) and brain (2.25 mg a.pL(-1) concentration) were increased post-treatment. Levels of total thiols were increased in the liver and brain (2.25 mg L(-1) and 7.5mg a.pL(-1), respectively). Glyphosate exposure, at the tested concentrations affects surubim health by promoting changes that can affect their survival in natural environment. Some parameters as TBARS and protein carbonyl could be early biomarkers for Roundup exposure in this fish species.

Effect of dietary supplement (cevas) on the chemical composition of wild fish Brycon falcatus Müller & Troschel, 1844 in the Teles Pires river basin / Efeito do suplemento alimentar (cevas) na composição química do peixe selvagem Brycon falcatus Müller & Troschel, 1844 na bacia do rio Teles Pires

In the Teles Pires River watershed, one of the most common techniques currently used by fishermen to catch fish is to provide a food supplement commonly known as "cevas". The purpose of this study was to compare the chemical composition of fillets from Brycon falcatus that were caught in both the presence and absence of cevas. The fish were sampled monthly and captured in the following conditions: the Tapaiúna River without cevas, the Teles Pires River with one ceva /100 m, the Celeste River with one ceva/500 m, the Verde River with one ceva/1000 m and the Cristalino River (control area). Subsequent to capture, the fish were euthanized and preserved on ice to determine their water, ash, crude protein and fat contents. Fillets of fish from the control area exhibited a lower level of crude protein (17.81%) compared with that of fish from the other rivers, which did not differ amongst one other. The fillets of fish from the river with the greatest density of cevas (1/100 m) exhibited a higher fat content (3.63%) than that of fish from the control area (1.51%). Thus, the cevas changed the chemical composition of B. falcatus fillets.

Atualmente, na bacia do rio Teles Pires, uma das técnicas mais utilizadas pelos pescadores para captura de peixes é a oferta de suplemento alimentar, popularmente conhecida como ceva. Objetivou-se comparar a composição química do filé de Brycon falcatus de locais com oferta de suplemento alimentar (cevas) e sem cevas. As coletas dos peixes foram mensais e as capturas foram em rio Tapaiúna sem cevas, rio Teles Pires com uma ceva/100 m, rio Celeste com uma ceva/500 m, rio Verde com uma ceva/1.000 m e rio Cristalino em Unidade de Conservação (controle). Após as capturas, os peixes foram eutanasiados e acondicionados em gelo, para determinação dos teores de umidade, cinzas, proteína bruta e gordura. Os filés dos peixes oriundos da área controle apresentaram o menor teor de proteína bruta (17,81%) que dos outros rios, que não diferiam entre si. Os filés dos peixes do rio com maior densidade de cevas (1/100 m) apresentaram maior teor de gordura (3,63%) que do rio em Unidade de Conservação (1,51%), mas não diferiram dos outros rios. As cevas de soja in natura alteraram a composição química dos filés de Brycon falcatus.