Oxali-palladium nanoparticle synthesis, characterization, protein binding, and apoptosis induction in colorectal cancer cells.

This paper focuses on the synthesis of nano-oxali-palladium coated with turmeric extract (PdNPs) using a green chemistry technique based on the reduction in the Pd (II) complex by phytochemicals inherent in turmeric extract. PdNPs were examined and characterized using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). Using different spectroscopic and molecular dynamics simulations, a protein-binding analysis of the produced nanoparticle was conducted by observing its interaction with human serum albumin (HSA). Lastly, the cytotoxic effects and apoptotic processes of PdNPs were studied against the HCT116 human colorectal cell line using the MTT assay and flow cytometry tests. According to the findings, PdNPs with spherical and homogenous morphology and a size smaller than 100 nm were generated. In addition, they can induce apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner with a lower Cc50 (78 µL) than cisplatin and free oxali-palladium against HCT116 cells. The thermodynamic characteristics of protein binding of nanoparticles with HSA demonstrated that PdNPs had a great capacity for quenching and interacting with HSA through hydrophobic forces. In addition, molecular dynamics simulations revealed that free oxali-palladium and PdNP attach to the same area of HSA via non-covalent interactions. It is conceivable to indicate that the synthesized PdNPs are a potential candidate for the construction of novel, nature-based anticancer treatments with fewer side effects and a high level of eco-friendliness.

The enhancement effect of beta-boswellic acid on hippocampal neurites outgrowth and branching (an in vitro study).

Increasing evidences implicate impairment of axonal integrity in mechanisms underlying neurodegenerative disorders. Beta-boswellic acid (BBA) is the major component of Boswellia serrata gum. This resin has long been used in Ayurveda (India's traditional medicine) to prevent amnesia. In this study, the effect of BBA was examined on neurites outgrowth and branching as well as on polymerization dynamics of tubulin. The morphometric parameters (axonal length and neuritis branching) were examined microscopically after treating the hippocampal cells with BBA. Also the assembly process of tubulin was assessed using UV/V is spectrophotometer through following of absorbance at 350 nm. The results revealed that BBA could significantly enhance neurite outgrowth, branching, and tubulin polymerization dynamics. The obtained results suggest that enhancing effect of BBA on microtubule polymerization kinetics might be the origin of increasing axonal outgrowth and branching.

Fabrication of a glycation induced amyloid nanofibril and polyalizarin yellow R nanobiocomposite: Application for electrocatalytic determination of hydrogen peroxide.

Amyloid fibrils were produced in a solution of bovine serum albumin (BSA) in buffer solution in the presence of fructose. The solution was incubated for 20 weeks in the dark. We used glycation induced bovine serum albumin in which fibrilogenesis (nano fibrils) followed by using fluorescence (Thioflavin T), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) to achieve the size and morphology of fibrils. A novel electrochemical biosensor for the detection of hydrogen peroxide was developed based on immobilizing poly (alizarin yellow R) and amyloid nano-fibrils on glassy carbon electrode (PAYR/AMLNFibs/GCE). The electrocatalytic response of the biosensor was proportional to the hydrogen peroxide concentration in the range of 1 µM to 2.2 mM with a limit of detection and sensitivity of 290 nM and 0.024 µA/µM, respectively. The modified electrode demonstrated many advantages such as high sensitivity, low detection of limit and excellent catalytic activity.