RESUMO
BACKGROUND: The International Fitness Scale (IFIS a 5-item version) to assess physical activity levels in the European population was created as part of the framework of the EU-funded project HELENA Study "Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence". The objective of this study was to evaluate the test-retest stability, internal consistency, proportion of agreement and applicability to Colombian young adults. METHODS: A total of 2.340 individuals (1.376 female and 964 male; age 18-30 years) Colombian completed the questionnaire IFIS. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and proportion of agreement were computed to assess the stability of the two test scores, with a period of 7 days between the two administrations. Cronbach alpha were calculated to assess the internal consistency of each scale and proportion of agreement was also calculated to measure the proportion of occasions that individuals gave the same score. RESULTS: The Cronbach alpha coefficient is 0.80. The reliability scores of the IFIS were excellent (ICC range 0.90-0.96). The proportion of agreement for all individual items ranged from 77-86%. Mean (±SD) time for questionnaire completion during the assessment was 3 minutes 47 seconds (±2 min). CONCLUSION: It appears to have high reliability and reproducibility. The questionnaire is now available to other researchers to investigate its usefulness and applicability across Latin American.
Assuntos
Aptidão Física , Autorrelato , Adulto , Colômbia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Psicometria , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Fundamentos: El cuestionario de auto-reporte de la condición física The International Fitness Scale (IFIS versión 5 ítems) fue creado como parte del proyecto financiado por la unión europea Study Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA). El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar en jóvenes colombianos su estabilidad temporal, consistencia interna, el grado de acuerdo y su aplicabilidad. Métodos: Un total de 2.340 sujetos (1.376 mujeres y 964 varones entre 18 y 30 años de edad) completaron el cuestionario IFIS. El coeficiente de correlación intraclase (CCI) y el grado de acuerdo se calcularon para evaluar la estabilidad temporal con un periodo de 7 días entre ambas administraciones. Como indicador de la consistencia interna de la escala se estimó el alphacronbach y para medir el porcentaje de ocasiones en que las personas suministraron el mismo resultado se calculó el grado de acuerdo. Resultados: El cuestionario IFIS mostró a nivel global un alfa de cronbach de 0,80 y un rango del CCI entre 0,90 - 0,96. El porcentaje de acuerdo por todos los conceptos individuales varió de 77 a 86 %. El tiempo medio (±DE) para el diligenciamiento de cuestionario fue de 3 minutos y 47 segundos (±2minutos). Conclusiones: El cuestionario IFIS mostró alta consistencia interna y estabilidad temporal que avalan la utilización de este instrumento en jóvenes colombianos. El IFIS está disponible para evaluar su utilidad y aplicabilidad en América Latina (AU)
Background: The International Fitness Scale (IFIS a 5 item version) to assess physical activity levels in the European population was created as part of the framework of the EU funded project HELENA Study' Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence. The objective of this study was to evaluate the test-retest stability, internal consistency, proportion of agreement and applicability to Colombian young adults. Methods: A total of 2.340 individuals (1.376 female and 964 male; age 18 - 30 years) Colombian completed the questionnaire IFIS. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and proportion of agreement were computed to assess the stability of the two test scores, with a period of 7 days between the two administrations. Cronbach alpha were calculated to assess the internal consistency of each scale and proportion of agreement was also calculated to measure the proportion of occasions that individuals gave the same score. Results: The Cronbach alpha coefficient is 0.80. The reliability scores of the IFIS were excellent (ICC range 0.90 - 0.96). The proportion of agreement for all individual items ranged from 77-86 %. Mean (±SD) time for questionnaire completion during the assessment was 3 minutes 47 seconds (±2min). Conclusion: It appears to have high reliability and reproducibility. The questionnaire is now available to other researchers to investigate its usefulness and applicability across Latin American (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Condicionamento Físico Humano , Psicometria/instrumentação , Inquéritos e Questionários , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Reprodutibilidade dos TestesRESUMO
INTRODUCCIÓN: el control de Aedes aegypti continúa siendo la única medida disponible para poder disminuir la transmisión de dengue. Desafortunadamente Ae. aegypti ha demostrado la habilidad de desarrollar resistencia a una gran variedad de tóxicos. OBJETIVO: evaluar la resistencia a insecticidas químicos en larvas y adultos del municipio Boyeros, Ciudad de La Habana, así como los mecanismos que contribuyeron a esta. MÉTODOS: se evaluó la resistencia a insecticidas químicos en larvas y adultos a través de metodologías de la OMS. Los mecanismos de resistencia se determinaron a través de sinergistas y pruebas bioquímicas. Se realizó electroforesis en gel de poliacrilamida para la visualización de enzimas esterasas. RESULTADOS: en larvas se observó susceptibilidad a los insecticidas organofosforados evaluados. Resistencia se observó a los piretroides cipermetrina y deltametrina. Los bioensayos en larvas con el producto comercial de temefos mostraron 100 por ciento de mortalidad con recambio diario de agua hasta 10 d. Se demostró que ni las esterasas, ni la enzima glutatión transferasa, desempeñaron un papel importante en la resistencia a insecticidas en larvas. Se observó la presencia de la esterasa A4 amplificada a baja frecuencia en las muestras estudiadas. En el estado adulto, la cepa Boyeros resultó resistente a los piretroides ciflutrina y lambdacialotrina, en verificación a deltametrina, y resultó susceptible a cipermetrina; también resultó ser resistente al organofosforado clorpirifos y al organoclorado DDT. CONCLUSIONES: estos resultados corroboran que aun el piretroide cipermetrina, a pesar de su uso en el municipio Boyeros, continúa siendo efectivo para el control de Ae. aegypti(AU)
INTRODUCTION: the control of Aedes aegypti remains the only available measure to reduce dengue transmission. Unfortunately, this vector has proved that it is capable of developing resistance to a great variety of toxic substances. OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the resistance to chemical insecticides in larvae and adult vectors in Boyeros municipality, City of Havana as well as those mechanisms supporting it. METHODS: insecticide resistance of mosquito larvae and adults was evaluated with the WHO methodologies. The resistance mechanisms were determined through synergy and biochemical tests. Polyacrylamid gel electropheresis was applied to visualize esterases. RESULTS: larvae were susceptible to the evaluated organophosphate insecticides whereas resistance to pyrethroids, cypermethrin and deltamethrin was observed. Bioassays performed in larvae with temephos-made commercial product showed 100 percent mortality up to 10 days, with daily change of water. It was proved that neither esterases nor glutathione transferase played an important role in larval insecticide resistance. Low frequency amplified esterase A4 was present in the studied samples. In adult stage, Boyeros strain was resistant to pyrethroids ciflutrhine and Lambdacyalothrine, in verification to deltamethrine and susceptible to cypermethrine; it was also resistant to organophosphate chlorpiriphos and organochlorate DDT. CONCLUSIONS: these results confirm that although the pyrethroid cipermethrine has been widely used in Boyeros municipality, it continues being effective for Ae. aegypti control(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Resistência a Inseticidas , Aedes , Controle Biológico de VetoresRESUMO
INTRODUCCIÓN: el control de Aedes aegypti continúa siendo la única medida disponible para poder disminuir la transmisión de dengue. Desafortunadamente Ae. aegypti ha demostrado la habilidad de desarrollar resistencia a una gran variedad de tóxicos. OBJETIVO: evaluar la resistencia a insecticidas químicos en larvas y adultos del municipio Boyeros, Ciudad de La Habana, así como los mecanismos que contribuyeron a esta. MÉTODOS: se evaluó la resistencia a insecticidas químicos en larvas y adultos a través de metodologías de la OMS. Los mecanismos de resistencia se determinaron a través de sinergistas y pruebas bioquímicas. Se realizó electroforesis en gel de poliacrilamida para la visualización de enzimas esterasas. RESULTADOS: en larvas se observó susceptibilidad a los insecticidas organofosforados evaluados. Resistencia se observó a los piretroides cipermetrina y deltametrina. Los bioensayos en larvas con el producto comercial de temefos mostraron 100 por ciento de mortalidad con recambio diario de agua hasta 10 d. Se demostró que ni las esterasas, ni la enzima glutatión transferasa, desempeñaron un papel importante en la resistencia a insecticidas en larvas. Se observó la presencia de la esterasa A4 amplificada a baja frecuencia en las muestras estudiadas. En el estado adulto, la cepa Boyeros resultó resistente a los piretroides ciflutrina y lambdacialotrina, en verificación a deltametrina, y resultó susceptible a cipermetrina; también resultó ser resistente al organofosforado clorpirifos y al organoclorado DDT. CONCLUSIONES: estos resultados corroboran que aun el piretroide cipermetrina, a pesar de su uso en el municipio Boyeros, continúa siendo efectivo para el control de Ae. aegypti.
INTRODUCTION: the control of Aedes aegypti remains the only available measure to reduce dengue transmission. Unfortunately, this vector has proved that it is capable of developing resistance to a great variety of toxic substances. OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the resistance to chemical insecticides in larvae and adult vectors in Boyeros municipality, City of Havana as well as those mechanisms supporting it. METHODS: insecticide resistance of mosquito larvae and adults was evaluated with the WHO methodologies. The resistance mechanisms were determined through synergy and biochemical tests. Polyacrylamid gel electropheresis was applied to visualize esterases. RESULTS: larvae were susceptible to the evaluated organophosphate insecticides whereas resistance to pyrethroids, cypermethrin and deltamethrin was observed. Bioassays performed in larvae with temephos-made commercial product showed 100 percent mortality up to 10 days, with daily change of water. It was proved that neither esterases nor glutathione transferase played an important role in larval insecticide resistance. Low frequency amplified esterase A4 was present in the studied samples. In adult stage, Boyeros strain was resistant to pyrethroids ciflutrhine and Lambdacyalothrine, in verification to deltamethrine and susceptible to cypermethrine; it was also resistant to organophosphate chlorpiriphos and organochlorate DDT. CONCLUSIONS: these results confirm that although the pyrethroid cipermethrine has been widely used in Boyeros municipality, it continues being effective for Ae. aegypti control.