A Multicenter Study Evaluating the Stages of Change in Food Consumption with Warning Labels among Chilean University Students.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the stage of change in food consumption with warning labels among Chilean university students. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cross-sectional study which applied surveys in universities from all over the country. Study included 4807 participants of 18 to 40 years of both sexes who were asked about the level of knowledge of the new food law and food consumption with warning signals, including questions regarding their willingness to behavior change according to Prochaska's transtheoretical model. To compare continuous variables, Student's t-test was used in the statistical package SPSS 22.0, and p <0.05 was considered a significant difference. RESULTS: Of the total number of respondents, 99.3% of the students indicated that they know about the food law, classifying foods with signals in the precontemplation stage. Compared by sex, we observed that women give greater importance to behavior change in all of foods (p <0.001). Underweight students give less importance to change in unhealthy foods, while obesity students give more importance but do not show more confidence in behavior change (p <0.05). CONCLUSION: The university students show a low importance and confidence to make behavior change, aspects associated with sex and nutritional status. It is necessary to strengthen nutritional food education and not just talk about structural measures.

Características clínicas predictoras de déficit de vitamina B12 de diabetes mellitus 2 tratada con metformina / Clinical characteristics of vitamin B12 deficiency predictors in metformin-treated type-2 diabetes mellitus

ntroducción: el consumo de metformina se asocia con déficit de vitamina B12. Objetivo: identificar las características clínicas predictoras del déficit en mayores de 18 años con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) tratados con metformina. Materiales y métodos: estudio de corte transversal analítico en 100 pacientes entre 50 y 85 años con DM2 tratados con metformina por más de 3 meses, con registro de niveles de vitamina B12 en la historia clínica, atendidos en un programa de diabetes de medicina familiar en Bogotá DC, Colombia. Resultados: la media de duración de la enfermedad fue 9.6 años, el uso de metformina varió entre 1 y 5 años (32%), la dosis más utilizada estuvo entre 1001 y 2000 mg (65%), polifarmacia en 45% y la prevalencia del déficit en 27%. En el modelo de regresión logística se encontró que el tiempo de uso se comporta como factor predictor de déficit de vitamina B12 (OR=0,01 IC95% 0,01-0,03) (p<0,05), la polifarmacia (OR=1.21 IC95% -0,06-2,5) y la duración de la diabetes (OR=1.14 IC95% 0,99-1,32) emergen como factores predictores, pero sin diferencia estadísticamente significativa.Conclusión: el tiempo de uso de metformina es una característica clínica que puede ser predictora del déficit de vitamina B12, la prevalencia del déficit en nuestro estudio fue alta, consideramos recomendable realizar una búsqueda activa en la práctica clínica

ntroduction: the metformin use is related to vitamin B12 deficiency. Objective: to identify the clinical characteristics that predict B12 deficiency in metformin-treated type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, aged 18 years or older. Materials and methods: analytical cross-sectional study including 100 T2DM patients aged between 50 and 85 years, on metformin for more than 3 months, with vitamin B12 levels recorded in their clinical record, seen in a family medicine diabetes program in Bogotá DC, Colombia. Results: the median duration of the disease was 9.6 years, metformin use ranged between 1 and 5 years (32%), the most commonly used dose ranged between 1001 and 2000 mg (65%), polypharmacy was evidenced in 45% and B12 deficiency prevalence was 27%. The logistic regression analysis showed that time of metformin use behaved as a predictor of vitamin B12 deficiency (OR=0.01 CI95% 0.01-0.03) (p<0.05). Polypharmacy (OR=1.21 CI95% -0.06-2.5) and diabetes duration (OR=1.14 CI95% 0.99-1.32) emerged as predictor factors, but with no statistically significant difference. Conclusion:duration of metformin use is a clinical variable that can be a predictor of vitamin B12 deficiency. Prevalence of B12 deficiency was high in our study. We recommend an active search of this deficiency in clinical practice

Stages of change in the purchase of ultra-processed snacks among university students after the implementation of the chilean food law; a multi-center study

The Objective is to determine the stages of change in the behavior of university students regarding the purchase of ultra-processed snacks consumed. Multi-center study (14 Chilean universities). The participants (4,807 students)evaluated were applied a survey to determine the stage of change of behavior regarding the purchase of foods with warning signs. The students were evaluated and classified as (a) Nutrition Students, (b) Healthcare-related Students and (c) Other degree Students. More than 90% of the students were aware of the food regulation and knew the warning signs. More than 60% of Healthcare-related and Other degree students are in the stage of pre-contemplation or contemplation regarding purchase intent of sugary drinks, juices, cookies, sweet snacks and potato chips; this value is twice the percentage of Nutrition students in this stages ( Chi2, p<0.001). In conclusion there is a high proportion of pre-contemplation and contemplation with respect to purchase intent among the students(AU)

Determinar las etapas de cambio en el comportamiento de los estudiantes universitarios con respecto a la compra de colaciones ultraprocesadas. Estudio Multicéntrico (14 universidades chilenas). A los participantes (4.807 estudiantes) se les aplicó una encuesta para determinar el cambio en el comportamiento con respecto a la compra de alimentos con sellos de advertencia. Los estudiantes se clasificaron como (a) estudiantes de nutrición, (b) estudiantes del área de la salud y (c) estudiantes de otras carreras. Se evaluaron. Más del 90% de los estudiantes conocían la regulación alimentaria y conocían las señales de advertencia. Más del 60% de los estudiantes de la salud y de otras carreras se encuentran en la etapa de pre-contemplación o contemplación con respecto a la intención de compra de bebidas azucaradas, jugos, galletas, bocadillos dulces y papas fritas; Este valor es el doble del porcentaje de estudiantes de nutrición en estas etapas ( Chi2, p <0,001). Se concluye que existe una alta proporción de pre-contemplación y contemplación con respecto a la intención de compra entre los estudiantes universitarios(AU)