Continued selection on cryptic SARS-CoV-2 observed in Missouri wastewater.

Deep sequencing of wastewater to detect SARS-CoV-2 has been used during the COVID-19 pandemic to monitor viral variants as they appear and circulate in communities. SARS-CoV-2 lineages of an unknown source that have not been detected in clinical samples, referred to as cryptic lineages, are sometimes repeatedly detected from specific locations. We have continued to detect one such lineage previously seen in a Missouri site. This cryptic lineage has continued to evolve, indicating continued selective pressure similar to that observed in Omicron lineages.

Melanoma patient notification and treatment timelines.

Melanoma is an extremely aggressive cancer for which the American Academy of Dermatology currently does not have formal recommendations outlining a timeline from biopsy to definitive treatment. Our dermatology department investigated our treatment timeline for melanoma. Using the database from our electronic medical record, Epic, we evaluated patients over a one-year period; in total we identified 109 melanomas. We evaluated patient demographics, tumor characteristics, and timelines regarding diagnosis and treatments. There was a statistically significant difference in patient notification of diagnosis and treatment times between stage 1 and stages 2-4 combined (based on the American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system). We found that 84% of melanomas were treated within 4 weeks of diagnosis and 96% within 6 weeks. The lower the stage, the earlier the melanoma was definitively treated; higher stage melanomas had a longer delay to definitive treatment. Herein, we have presented our single institutional experience of the melanoma timeline from diagnosis to definitive treatment and have identified factors that impact timely definitive treatment.

De novo transcriptome assembly from the nodal root growth zone of hydrated and water-deficit stressed maize inbred line FR697.

Certain cultivars of maize show increased tolerance to water deficit conditions by maintenance of root growth. To better understand the molecular mechanisms related to this adaptation, nodal root growth zone samples were collected from the reference inbred line B73 and inbred line FR697, which exhibits a relatively greater ability to maintain root elongation under water deficits. Plants were grown under various water stress levels in both field and controlled environment settings. FR697-specific RNA-Seq datasets were generated and used for a de novo transcriptome assembly to characterize any genotype-specific genetic features. The assembly was aided by an Iso-Seq library of transcripts generated from various FR697 plant tissue samples. The Necklace pipeline was used to combine a Trinity de novo assembly along with a reference guided assembly and the Viridiplantae proteome to generate an annotated consensus "SuperTranscriptome" assembly of 47,915 transcripts with a N50 of 3152 bp in length. The results were compared by Blastn to maize reference genes, a Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Orthologs (BUSCO) genome completeness report and compared with three maize reference genomes. The resultant 'SuperTranscriptome' was demonstrated to be of high-quality and will serve as an important reference for analysis of the maize nodal root transcriptomic response to environmental perturbations.