Phospholipase A2 products predict the hematopoietic support capacity of horse serum.

Horse serum is commonly used as an additive to support the maintenance of hematopoietic progenitor cells in culture. However, the wide variability in the performance of different lots calls for parallel testing of multiple batches over extended periods of culture. Identification of the serum components that determine hematopoietic support would therefore save considerable time and effort and would help to standardize culture procedures. We report here that the ability of horse serum to support the self-renewal of multipotent murine hematopoietic progenitor FDCP-Mix cells is correlated to the concentration of specific fatty acid products of phospholipase A2 and more closely to the spectrum of eicosanoids generated by their further processing through cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways. Supportive sera have low levels of lysophosphatidylcholine and inflammatory eicosanoids. This links known markers of inflammation, infection and platelet activation to the ability of serum to maintain progenitor cells in an undifferentiated state, providing a means for prospective identification of suitable sera as well as quality control of the production process.

Features of lineage-specific hematopoietic metabolism revealed by mitochondrial proteomics.

Hematopoietic bone marrow is a regenerative tissue of high clinical relevance, yet relatively little is known about the metabolism of the stem and progenitor populations concerned. We have used a multipotent murine cell line to generate sufficient numbers of cells undergoing self-renewal, erythroid or myeloid differentiation to allow a proteomics analysis of enriched mitochondria. Stringent analysis identified 37 mitochondria-associated proteins changing on differentiation in this system. Those induced during differentiation were commonly associated with mature cell functions, while those inactivated upon differentiation indicate widespread changes in mitochondrial transport, fatty acid catabolism and oxidative phosphorylation. An erythroid specific reduction in glutamate pyruvate amino transferase 2 was confirmed at the protein level by Western blotting and at the functional level by assays of metabolite turnover. In addition to validating the dataset, these findings suggest significant differences in the core-metabolism between erythropoiesis and myelopoiesis. This knowledge is of relevance to the in vitro production of cell therapy products and to studies of the interdependence of metabolic and signaling pathways in regenerative tissues. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD002968.

[IMZ implants in the treatment of the shortened dental arch in the upper and lower jaws]. / IMZ-Implantate zur Versorgung der verkürzten Zahnreihe im Ober- und Unterkiefer.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term prognosis after insertion of 510 IMZ-implants in case of free-end situations of the upper and lower jaw and prosthodontic restoration. We examined 222 patients prospectively who were treated in a dental practice because of uni- or bilateral free-end situation between 1984 and 1996. Affected and crowned teeth which were neighbouring the implant-based suprastructure, were blocked with these by use of bridge-restorations or attachments. In all the other cases purely implant-based bridge or single-tooth restorations were inserted. Clinical parameters as for example the peri-implant tissue reaction, sulcus depths as well as implant mobility and radiological findings were documented and evaluated statistically. In case of pure implant-based suprastructures we found six implant losses (1.2%), whereas in case of combined tooth-implant-based prosthodontic restorations 20 losses (3.9%) were found.

Elevated serum levels of adiponectin in children, adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes and the impact of age, gender, body mass index and metabolic control: a longitudinal study.

OBJECTIVE: Adiponectin plays an important role in pathophysiology of obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to determine adiponectin concentrations in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes in a longitudinal manner and to study the impact of age, gender, body mass index (BMI) and metabolic control. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: In this study, 88 children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes were followed longitudinally. At baseline and during follow-up, serum levels of adiponectin were measured by enzyme-linked immunoassay and correlated with clinical data, HbA1c and lipids. Healthy children (n = 259) were chosen as a control group. RESULTS: Serum adiponectin levels were significantly higher in children with type 1 diabetes compared with healthy children (13.1 vs 9.1 microg/ml at baseline, P < 0.001). Adiponectin concentrations inversely correlated with BMI s.d.s (P < 0.001). No significant difference of adiponectin levels regarding gender, diabetes duration or HbA1c was seen. Adiponectin concentrations decreased in males with type 1 diabetes during puberty (P = 0.03) while there was no significant change in females. In a subgroup of patients with new onset type 1 diabetes, adiponectin concentrations were not different from adiponectin levels in control subjects but increased during follow-up (P = 0.007). Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that most important predictors of adiponectin levels in type 1 diabetes at the end of the study were adiponectin concentration at baseline (beta = 0.574, P < 0.001) and BMI s.d.s (beta = -0.302, P = 0.001, r2 = 0.56). CONCLUSIONS: Children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes have BMI-dependent elevated serum concentrations of adiponectin compared with healthy children.

Survival rate of IMZ implants: a prospective 10-year analysis.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the success of IMZ implants after prosthodontic rehabilitation. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A prospective study analysis was made of the treatment results for 541 patients after the insertion of a total of 1,250 IMZ implants at 2 practicing dentists' offices over a period of 13 years. The most frequent treatment situations were insertion in the totally edentulous lower jaw (44.1%) and in a distal edentulous region (37.6%). The statistical survival rate assessment was made using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. The results were compared with the cumulative survival rates for all implants during a period of 10 years. RESULTS: At 5 years after insertion, 96.0% of all implants were in situ and noninflamed; after 10 years, the survival rate was 82.4%. For both the upper and the lower jaw, better results were recorded in the posterior part of the jaw than in the anterior part. CONCLUSIONS: The IMZ implant system showed a good 10-year-survival rate.