Impact of a multidimensional infection control strategy on catheter-associated urinary tract infection rates in the adult intensive care units of 15 developing countries: findings of the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC).

PURPOSE: We aimed to evaluate the impact of a multidimensional infection control strategy for the reduction of the incidence of catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) in patients hospitalized in adult intensive care units (AICUs) of hospitals which are members of the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC), from 40 cities of 15 developing countries: Argentina, Brazil, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, India, Lebanon, Macedonia, Mexico, Morocco, Panama, Peru, Philippines, and Turkey. METHODS: We conducted a prospective before-after surveillance study of CAUTI rates on 56,429 patients hospitalized in 57 AICUs, during 360,667 bed-days. The study was divided into the baseline period (Phase 1) and the intervention period (Phase 2). In Phase 1, active surveillance was performed. In Phase 2, we implemented a multidimensional infection control approach that included: (1) a bundle of preventive measures, (2) education, (3) outcome surveillance, (4) process surveillance, (5) feedback of CAUTI rates, and (6) feedback of performance. The rates of CAUTI obtained in Phase 1 were compared with the rates obtained in Phase 2, after interventions were implemented. RESULTS: We recorded 253,122 urinary catheter (UC)-days: 30,390 in Phase 1 and 222,732 in Phase 2. In Phase 1, before the intervention, the CAUTI rate was 7.86 per 1,000 UC-days, and in Phase 2, after intervention, the rate of CAUTI decreased to 4.95 per 1,000 UC-days [relative risk (RR) 0.63 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.55-0.72)], showing a 37% rate reduction. CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed that the implementation of a multidimensional infection control strategy is associated with a significant reduction in the CAUTI rate in AICUs from developing countries.

Deterioro de la calidad de vida durante el climaterio / Deteroriation of quality of life for climateric

Antecedentes: en muchas mujeres, el climaterio deteriora la capacidad de llevar una vida subjetivamente satisfactoria. Pocos estudios han ponderado científicamente esta pérdida de calidad de vida. Objetivos; Evaluar los cambios originados por el climaterio sobre la calidad de vida de un grupo de mujeres colombianas. Materiales y métodos: Aplicamos el Cuestionario Específico de Calidad de Vida para la Menopausia a 430 mujeres de 40 a 59 años, seleccionadas aleatoriamente en la ciudad de Bogotá. Resultados: La calidad de vida se ve afectada por síntomas vasomotores; el puntaje de estos síntomas aumenta desde 2.0ñ1.7 en las premenopáusicas a 3.6ñ2.2 (p<0.0001) en aquellas con cinco o más años de menopausia. Las manifestaciones físicas del climaterio aumentan desde 2.5ñ1.0 a 3.6ñ0.9 (p<0.0001). La pérdida de calidad de vida por trastornos psíquico-sociales predomina, en cambio, en los primeros años de la menopausia (2.3ñ1.3 a 2.9ñ1.0 en los cinco primeros años de menopausia), (p<0.001). No encontramos deterioro de la sexualidad con el climaterio. Conclusiones: El climaterio deteriora la calidad de vida por síntomas vasomotores, psicosociales y físicos. A diferencia de lo clásicamente descrito, no observamos deterioro de la sexualidad, aunque s disminución del número de mujeres sexualmente activas. Diferencias culturales o de estilos de vida, pueden explicar esta observación