The Upper Paralimbal Zone is Especially Susceptible to Ruptures Due to Blunt Trauma. / Die obere Paralimbalzone ist besonders anfällig für Berstungen durch stumpfe Traumata.

BACKGROUND: Globe ruptures are ophthalmological emergencies where the primary diagnosis using a slit lamp is often a challenge. OBJECTIVES: The retrospective case study aimed to characterise the predilection sites, the demographic profile and the causes of bursts due to blunt globe trauma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The surgical plan of the Eye Centre of the Medical Centre (University of Freiburg) was electronically searched using the keyword "globe rupture" over a period of 18 years (2000 - 2018). This led to 350 hits, which were scrutinised by hand. 134 globe ruptures due to blunt globe trauma were then identified. RESULTS: The most common predilection sites were the upper nasal and the upper temporal paralimbal zones with 37 and 32% of the examined globe ruptures, respectively. The average age at the time of rupture was 60 (from 2 to 97) years. The median age was 62.5 years. 37% (49/134) of patients were female. The most frequent causes of accidents were falls (43%), "flying" wooden and metal objects (18%) and acts of violence (10%). CONCLUSIONS: Special attention should be paid to the upper paralimbal zone in the exploratory primary care of globe ruptures. If the rupture occurred due to "flying" wooden and metal objects, the posterior sclera burst most frequently. The epidemiological data suggest that targeted prevention against falls for individuals over 60 years and consistent wearing of protective eyewear when working with wood or metal could reduce the incidence of bulbar bursting. It was also noticeable that acts of violence were the third most frequent cause of rupture, although woman did not report that they were affected by this. Given the high occurrence of violence against women, shame and stigma may lead to an incorrect inquiry about the cause of the accident. This could be mitigated by training employees specifically to take a sensitive history.

The mitochondrial transporter SLC25A25 links ciliary TRPP2 signaling and cellular metabolism.

Cilia are organelles specialized in movement and signal transduction. The ciliary transient receptor potential ion channel polycystin-2 (TRPP2) controls elementary cilia-mediated physiological functions ranging from male fertility and kidney development to left-right patterning. However, the molecular components translating TRPP2 channel-mediated Ca2+ signals into respective physiological functions are unknown. Here, we show that the Ca2+-regulated mitochondrial ATP-Mg/Pi solute carrier 25 A 25 (SLC25A25) acts downstream of TRPP2 in an evolutionarily conserved metabolic signaling pathway. We identify SLC25A25 as an essential component in this cilia-dependent pathway using a genome-wide forward genetic screen in Drosophila melanogaster, followed by a targeted analysis of SLC25A25 function in zebrafish left-right patterning. Our data suggest that TRPP2 ion channels regulate mitochondrial SLC25A25 transporters via Ca2+ establishing an evolutionarily conserved molecular link between ciliary signaling and mitochondrial metabolism.