FoxG1/BNIP3 axis promotes mitophagy and blunts cisplatin resistance in osteosarcoma.

Cisplatin (CDDP) is a commonly used chemotherapeutic for osteosarcoma (OS) patients, and drug resistance remains as a major hurdle to undermine the treatment outcome. Here, we investigated the potential involvement of FoxG1 and BNIP3 in CDDP resistance of OS cells. FoxG1 and BNIP3 expression levels were detected in the CDDP-sensitive and CDDP-resistant OS tumors and cell lines. Mitophagy was observed through transmission electron microscope analysis. The sensitivity to CDDP in OS cells upon FoxG1 overexpression was examined in cell and animal models. We found that FoxG1 and BNIP3 showed significant downregulation in the CDDP-resistant OS tumor samples and cell lines. CDDP-resistant OS tumor specimens and cells displayed impaired mitophagy. FoxG1 overexpression promoted BNIP3 expression, enhanced mitophagy in CDDP-resistant OS cells, and resensitized the resistant cells to CDDP treatment in vitro and in vivo. Our data highlighted the role of the FoxG1/BNIP3 axis in regulating mitophagy and dictating CDDP resistance in OS cells, suggesting targeting FoxG1/BNIP3-dependent mitophagy as a potential strategy to overcome CDDP resistance in OS.

Medium- and High-Entropy Rare Earth Hexaborides with Enhanced Solar Energy Absorption and Infrared Emissivity.

The development of a new generation of solid particle solar receivers (SPSRs) with high solar absorptivity (0.28-2.5 µm) and high infrared emissivity (1-22 µm) is crucial and has attracted much attention for the attainment of the goals of "peak carbon" and "carbon neutrality". To achieve the modulation of infrared emission and solar absorptivity, two types of medium- and high-entropy rare-earth hexaboride (ME/HEREB6) ceramics, (La0.25Sm0.25Ce0.25Eu0.25)B6 (MEREB6) and (La0.2Sm0.2Ce0.2Eu0.2Ba0.2)B6 (HEREB6), with severe lattice distortions were synthesized using a high-temperature solid-phase method. Compared to single-phase lanthanum hexaboride (LaB6), HEREB6 ceramics show an increase in solar absorptivity from 54.06% to 87.75% in the range of 0.28-2.5 µm and an increase in infrared emissivity from 76.19% to 89.96% in the 1-22 µm wavelength range. On the one hand, decreasing the free electron concentration and the plasma frequency reduces the reflection and ultimately increases the solar absorptivity. On the other hand, the lattice distortion induces changes in the B-B bond length, leading to significant changes in the Raman scattering spectrum, which affects the damping constant and ultimately increases the infrared emissivity. In conclusion, the multicomponent design can effectively improve the solar energy absorption and heat transfer capacity of ME/HEREB6, thus providing a new avenue for the development of solid particles.

Teaching environment of primary middle and high schools in Suzhou during 2019 / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To analyze the teaching environment of primary, middle and high schools in Suzhou, and to explore the relevance of students’ myopia with teaching environment, as well as the key problems in teaching environment.@*Methods@#1 253 classrooms in 204 schools rom 10 districts and counties in Suzhou were selected by proportionate stratified sampling. The qualified rate of each indices was described and the teaching environment by county, learning stage were compared by using chi-squared test. The Spearman test is used to explore correlations between myopia with monitoring indicators.@*Results@#The qualified rate of the distance from lamp to table was the highest (98.56%), while matching rate of student desk and chair was the lowest(0.96%). Minimum lamp table spacing, blackboard average illumination, reflectance from blackboard wall, classroom per capita area, classroom microclimate differed significantly in urban and rural (P<0.05); daylighting coefficient, reflectance from walls, average illumination of desktop and blackboard, classroom per capita area, and microclimate indicator were statistically different by learning stages(r=0.42,P<0.05). Prevalence of myopia correlated with the index of lighting.@*Conclusion@#Qualified desks and matched chairs, as well as the daylighting design in classroom should receive more attention in Suzhou. The findings lend support to identification of key health priorities and formulation of the localized health practice for health administrations.