Rosai-Dorfman disease mimicking cavernous hemangioma: a case report.

A 31-year-old female presented to the clinic with a 2 year history of proptosis of the right eye. She was diagnosed with cavernous hemangioma during her initial ophthalmologic consult and was advised monitoring. However, after a considerable increase in proptosis, she underwent an excision biopsy of the right orbital mass. A diagnosis of Rosai Dorfman disease was made after the histopathology report revealed a fibrosclerotic tissue with histiocytic proliferation showing emperipolesis that is mixed with numerous small lymphocytes and plasma cells. Rosai Dorfman disease is a rare disease presenting with lymphadenopathy and sinus histiocytosis. Orbital involvement can be the principal manifestation with proptosis as the most common presentation. Resection of the orbital lesion helped in the resolution of the mild ophthalmic symptoms but since the disease has other systemic associations, a complete systemic workup should be done to monitor recurrence.

A case report on dermal filler-related periorbital granuloma formation.

We report a case of a 49-year old East-Asian female who presented with delayed onset granuloma formation at the right medial lower eyelid area. The clinical and radiologic presentation with pathologic correlation following synthetic hyaluronic acid filler injection and its management are described along with a review of literature following dermal-filler injections types. Dermal-filler-related granuloma formation should be included in the differential diagnoses of periorbital inflammatory and mass lesions. It is recommended that clinicians who perform this procedure should discuss these risks and possible late complications with patients and provide them with the relevant product information of the injected filler for appropriate management should such early or late complications occur.

Sino-orbital desmoid tumor in a pediatric patient - Case report with review of literature.

We report a case of a 2-year-old female who presented with bilateral progressive proptosis, visual loss, nasal obstruction, and breathing difficulty. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a large sino-orbital mass that was extending to the orbital apex and skull base. An initial diagnosis of rhabdomyosarcoma was made elsewhere on the basis of the presence of round and spindle cell tumor. Subsequent biopsy with immunohistochemical staining was positive for nuclear staining with ß-catenin, shifting the diagnosis to a myofibroblastic tumor, favoring desmoid-type fibromatosis. With image guidance, near complete excision of tumor was performed by a multidisciplinary team, while respecting danger zones such as the skull base and the optic nerve. Following a recurrence over 2 months, additional excision was performed with a 6-month treatment of methotrexate and vinblastine. Desmoid tumor is a rare form of soft tissue tumor uncommonly seen in the orbital area. Although benign, it is known to be recurrent and infiltrative. Few data are known and further information will aid in the management of these tumors.