Complex congenital atlantoaxial dislocation in an infant: case report.

The authors report the case of congenital atlantoaxial dislocation in a 9-month-old female infant, who presented with progressive quadriparesis and respiratory failure. The problems in management due to such an early age of presentation, including atypical clinical presentation, unique radiological findings, limited management options, and variable clinical outcomes discussed. This is the youngest case of non-syndromic congenital atlantoaxial dislocation, reported to date, and is a unique combination of lateral, rotatory, and antero-posterior atlantoaxial dislocation.

Spontaneous evacuation of hyperacute extradural hematoma: two illustrative case reports.

Spontaneous drainage of extradural hematoma (EDH) through a skull fracture is rare, with only 14 cases reported to date. Five of these belong to pediatric age group. The authors report two cases of spontaneous evacuation of acute EDH, in children, with two differing types of skull fractures, one being an elevated fracture. The context, in which the terminologies of "spontaneous evacuation" and "spontaneous resolution" to be used, is clarified.

Extradural Hematoma Following Decompressive Craniectomy for Acute Subdural Hematoma: Two Case Reports Illustrating Different Mechanisms.

The occurrence of extradural hematoma (EDH) after decompressive craniectomy (DC) for traumatic brain injury is uncommon. We report two cases, one developing ipsilateral EDH and another developing contralateral simultaneous EDH and subdural hematoma after DC. The strategies to anticipate the occurrence of such concurrent hematomas (CH) are highlighted. We propose a subclassification of CH into "immediate" and "delayed," based on their difference in clinical presentation, image findings, pathogenesis, and surgical management.

Dorsal cervical spinal arachnoid cyst (Type III) presenting with dorsal column dysfunction: A case report.

CONTEXT: Spinal arachnoid cysts are usually asymptomatic and discovered incidentally. Expansion of the cyst, whether acute, subacute or chronic, leads to neural compression resulting in radicuopathy and/or myelopathy. FINDINGS: This case report is of a patient who presented primarily with posterior column dysfunction,subacute in onset and rapidly progressing. Images of the cervical spine showed a dorsal arachnoid cyst, causing significant cord compression and signal changes in the cord, with no scalloping of the vertebrae. CONCLUSION: The author explains the mechanism of rapid expansion of an asymptomatic spinal arachnoid cyst, causing neural compression leading to fast progression of neurological deficits. The dorsal location of the cyst, explain the absence of radiculopathy, which is a common presenting feature of ventrally located intradural arachnoid cyst.