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Background: In health-related technology, the professionalism paradigm has shifted from a traditional-based approach to evidence-based nursing practice (EBP). For nurses, EBP as a systematic approach to problem solving is well supported and is based on translating the best current research findings into a decision made on patient care or nursing intervention. Objective: To review the strategies to develop the research capacity among nurses. Design: A keyword search was used to locate relevant articles. Bibliographic data were retrieved from PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, CINAHL, and Medline. A total of 100 articles were retrieved, and 27 were included in the article. Results: Major challenges affecting the development of research skills have been identified including lack of time for research, high teaching loads, and need to balance this work with administrative and clinical responsibilities, Lack of funding, shortage of skilled personnel, and absence of research infrastructure. Some of the skills identified in the literature for augmenting research capacity, i.e., infrastructure development, promotion of research cultures and environments, and facilitation of training. Conclusion: However, more empirical studies are needed to understand the process of implementing and evaluating capacity building in nursing, clinical as well as academic. Capacity building is globally important because it can improve the quality of nursing education, the caliber of nurses, and the standard of care that patients receive.
RESUMO
Context: Childbirth is a normal physiological process in a woman's life, yet it is a life-changing experience for the primigravida mothers. Boosting confidence regarding pregnancy and childbirth by enhancing knowledge is an important component of care. Aims: The aim was to assess the effectiveness of the video-assisted childbirth education programme on the knowledge of the primigravida mothers regarding childbirth. Settings and Design: A quantitative research approach with a quasi-experimental non-equivalent control group design was adopted. Non-probability convenient sampling technique was used to select the 60 primigravida mothers who completed 34 weeks of gestation and are attending the Gynaec Outpatient Department (OPD) of a tertiary care hospital in Bhopal. Methods and Material: The self-structured knowledge questionnaire was developed. On the first day of contact with the sample, pretest was taken from both groups. A tailor-made video was administered to the experimental group on the same day. Posttest was taken on the seventh day from both groups. Statistical Analysis Used: Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) used to determine the effectiveness of video-assisted childbirth education programme revealed a significant interaction between the intervention and time, F (1,58) =29.398, P < .001. Results: The mean difference in knowledge score over time was greater in the experimental group compared to the control group and the difference was statistically significant. Conclusions: The video-assisted childbirth education programme was effective in enhancing the knowledge of primigravida mothers regarding childbirth.
RESUMO
The allocation of the midwife-led care unit (MLCU), a midwifery-led care model in which midwives carry out eminent roles to enrich maternal and newborn outcomes with minimal standard interventions, has appeared to be productive in furthering the quality of care and positive childbirth experiences. In the present article, we review the investments needed in MLCUs for their inclusion into the public health system by describing their advantages, the latest trends in maternal mortality, the roles of midwives, the relevant background, and the current advances in midwifery practices in India. Midwifery-led care is directed by a philosophy that considers pregnancy and childbirth as normal physiological events for women. Making use of a midwife, especially in low-risk pregnancies, extends satisfactory and cost-effective care. The Government of India has begun to introduce midwifery services to the country to improve the quality, righteousness, and worthiness in the provision of care and to offload higher-level hospitals. The year 2020 was designated as the "Year of the Nurse and the Midwife" by the WHO, highlighting the importance of nurses' and midwives' roles in sustaining quality health care. Further, the acceptability among clinicians and the public is crucial for the future advancement and implementation of MLCUs in India.
RESUMO
Introduction Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a global pandemic. In order to identify this menace, World Health Organisation (WHO) has developed the Global Action Plan on AMR (GAP AMR). Antimicrobial stewardship programs (AMSP) have been identified as a decisive tool for combating AMR. One of the most efficient measures of these programs has been the implementation of point prevalence surveys (PPS) of antibiotic usage and subsequent audit feedback. The present study was undertaken to identify the impact of AMSP on curtailing of empirical usage of antibiotics and the augmentation of targeted therapy. Methods It is an observational, cross-sectional study comprising 1396 patients. The microbiology culture details and anti-microbial-sensitivity results were recorded. Antibiotic prescriptions were recorded in each patient during their hospital stay. Result Out of 1396 patients treated over four quarters (Q1-Q4), 711 (50.9%) patients were on antibiotics, and among them, only 415 patients were subjected to any microbiological cultures with an overall bacterial culture rate (BCR) of 58.3%, and 296 patients (41.6%) were treated with antibiotics empirically without sending any samples for bacterial culture. There was a statistically significant rise in BCR from 47.3% in the first quarter to 77.6% in the fourth quarter. Sending specimens for blood culture increased significantly from 29.2% in Q1 to 37.6% in Q4. After receiving culture reports, 72.3% of cases continued with the same antibiotic, the antibiotic was changed in 19.9% of cases, and the antibiotic was stopped in 7.8% of cases. Conclusion There was a strong positive impact of AMSP in curtailment of empirical usage of antibiotics and augmenting targeted therapy as evidenced by the significant rise in BCR over Q1-Q4 PPS as well as a significant rise in ordering for blood culture over the same time period.