Comparison of two oral rehydration solutions in eutrophic infants with moderate acute diarrhea: results of an interim analysis.

A randomized, multicenter clinical trial comparing two oral rehydration solutions (ORS) with different sugar content and total osmolality was carried out in France. Solution A had 168 mmol/L of sugar and a total osmolarity of 326 mosm/kg; solution D had 90 mmol/L of sugar and a total osmolarity of 240 mosm/kg. Weight gain, stool output, and biologic variables were analyzed. This interim analysis included 49 infants (27 in group A and 22 in group D). Patients in both groups gained weight without any significant difference between the two ORS. Between admission and day 4, the overall number of stools and the number of liquid stools decreased. Laboratory values were within the normal range on admission and remained unchanged. The weight increase during the first 24 hours and the reduced frequency of stools was similar in both groups.

[Tuberous sclerosis presenting early in life as a polycystic kidney disease (author's transl)]. / Maladie polykystique rénale à révélation précoce. Première manifestation d'une sclérose tubéreuse de Bourneville.

We report a girl with tuberous sclerosis. Diagnostic criteria when she was 6 years included mental retardation, seizures and characteristic skin lesions. Disease was revealed in the first 4 months of life by marked abdominal distension due to polycystic kidney disease. This case is strikingly similar to those recently published in the pediatric literature. The similarity is further increased by histological data concerning changes in the epithelium of the cyst, that seem to be specific; the early recognition of these changes should lead to a diagnosis of tuberous sclerous sclerosis in the first months of life.

[Risk indicators of mental decompensation in elderly subjects. Current results of the Décines-Meyzieu study started in 1978]. / Indicateurs de risque de décompensation psychique chez les personnes âgées. Résultats actuels de l'étude de Décines-Meyzieu commencée en 1978.

A prospective survey of the risk indicators of psychic decompensation in the elderly (over 65) has been going on since 1978 among the old population of two cities in the district of Rhône (France). Every other year 3,000 elderly people of these two cities have had to answer a medico-psycho-social form. The different care and aid structures allow us to gather the psychiatric decompensations and to compare this pathological group to the control group out of the population which has not decompensated. The results show 28 risk indicators which are criticized in this paper.