Gastric volumetry for the assessment of fundic compliance and visceral hypersensitivity in patients with gastroparesis: a retrospective comparative study.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The evaluation of visceral hypersensitivity and gastric accommodation in patients with gastroparesis (GP) is difficult. CT-scan gastric volumetry allows to test the distension of different regions of the stomach. We aimed to study gastric volumes and patient's sensitivity to gastric distension between in patients with GP compared to patients with GERD. METHOD: Retrospective study including patients who had CT-scan volumetry for GP or GERD. Two CT-scan series were made after gastric distension: left lateral decubitus 30° (LLD30) for antrum and right lateral decubitus (RLD) for body. Pain and discomfort were assessed using visual analogue scale (VAS). Gastric volumes were measured for LLD30 and RLD. RESULTS: 13 patients (7 GP and 6 GERD) were included. Mean age was 35.6+/-7.3 years. Median gastric volume in the RLD was lower in GP vs GERD (927+/-208 ml vs. 1115+/-163 ml; p = 0.046) while it was similar for LLD30 (1053+/-228 ml vs. 1054+/-193 ml; p = 0.603). GP patients had significantly more pain and discomfort during the procedure: pain VAS for GP was 6[0-9] versus 0[0-2] for GERD, p = 0.004, discomfort VAS for GP was 7[4-10] versus 4[0-5] for GERD, p = 0.007. 66.7% of GERD patients felt no pain vs. 14.3% in GP, p = 0.053. CONCLUSION: This pilot study suggests that GP could be associated with a reduced gastric volume compared to GERD in RLD after gaseous distension. In contrast, patient self-assessment of pain related to gastric distension was greater int GP patients. A lack of fundus accommodation and visceral hypersensitivity could explain some mechanisms in the genesis of GP symptoms.

Gastroparesis is associated with lower volumes in right lateral decubitus suggesting a lower distensibility of the fundus.Gastric volumetry is more painful in patients with gastroparesis than GERD controls, suggesting visceral hypersensitivity to mechanical distension.

[Retroperitoneal metastasis from testicular tumor: Mature teratoma with adenocarcinomatous transformation]. / Métastase rétropéritonéale d'une tumeur testiculaire sous la forme d'un tératome mature avec transformation en adénocarcinome.

A 41-year-old patient, with a medical history of embryonal carcinoma treated by orchidectomy at the age of 27, presented with abdominal pain. Serum alphafetoprotein, ß-HCG and CEA levels were normal. MRI showed a cystic retroperitoneal lesion with septation, measuring 20cm. He underwent a surgical resection. Histology revealed an adenocarcinoma arising on a mature multitissular teratoma.

Three-year outcome of local injection of autologous stromal vascular fraction cells and microfat in refractory perianal fistulas of Crohn's disease.

Perianal fistulas in Crohn's disease are frequent and disabling, with a major impact on patients' quality of life. Cell-based therapy using mesenchymal stem cells represents new hope for these patients, but long-term efficacy remains challenging. In a pilot study, including patients with refractory complex perianal fistulas, autologous adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (ADSVF) combined with microfat achieved combined remission in 60% of cases, with a good safety profile at 1 year. The purpose of this study is to assess whether these results were maintained at longer term. The safety and efficacy data of the ten patients were evaluated retrospectively 3 years after injection on the basis of clinical and radiological data. MRI were analysed according to the MAGNIFI-CD score. No adverse event was attributed to the experimental stem-cell treatment. Combined remission was achieved in 7 patients (70%) and associated with a significant improvement in the MAGNIFI-CD MRI score. In conclusion, the safety and efficacy of ADSVF and microfat injection in Crohn's disease fistulas were maintained at 3 years, demonstrating that this innovative strategy is effective in producing a long-lasting healing effect. The ongoing multicentre randomized placebo-controlled trial (NCT04010526) will be helpful to define the place for this approach in the current therapeutic arsenal.

Thigh abscess and necrotizing fasciitis following an inside-out transobturator tape intervention: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Tension-free vaginal transobturator tapes are used worldwide in the treatment of urinary incontinence in women. Very few severe complications have been described following this procedure, with no standard treatment yet established. CASE PRESENTATION: We present the case of a 36-year-old French white woman with no remarkable medical history, presenting with an abscess and necrotizing fasciitis 48 hours after an inside-out tension-free transobturator procedure. Samples were collected by guided puncture from the abscess, retrieving Staphylococcus aureus and Citrobacter koseri. CONCLUSIONS: Severe complications following this procedure are rare, although it can have the potential for significant morbidity and even mortality, which is worth highlighting. We recommend early surgical treatment in combination with broad-spectrum antibiotics and coverage for Staphylococcus aureus, which may be a causative agent.

Gadolinium chelate kinetics in cardiac MR imaging of myocarditis: comparison to acute myocardial infarction and impact on late gadolinium enhancement.

OBJECTIVES: To compare the kinetics of gadolinium in myocarditis and myocardial infarction and to establish the best interval between contrast injection and late gadolinium-enhanced (LGE) image acquisition for the diagnosis of acute myocarditis. METHODS: Seventeen patients with acute myocarditis and 12 with acute myocardial infarction underwent Look-Locker sequences before and after administration of 0.2 mmol/kg gadolinium chelate for a period of 14 minutes. The apparent longitudinal relaxation rates (R'1) were calculated from left ventricular blood, enhanced and normal myocardium. LGE cardiac magnetic resonance images were acquired at 5, 10, and 15 minutes after contrast injection. The contrast between enhanced and normal myocardium (Contrastenhaced-normal) was measured, and the quality of the images was analyzed. RESULTS: A faster decline in the R'1 values measured in the areas of myocardial enhancement was recorded in myocarditis than that in myocardial infarction. In myocarditis, the Contrastenhaced-normal values decreased over time (from 60.7 ± 35.1 at 5 minutes vs. 42.1 ± 26.7 at 15 minutes; P = 0.001). However, in myocardial infarction, the Contrastenhaced-normal value remained stable in time (60.7 ± 22.9 at 5 minutes vs. 68.8 ± 16.6 at 15 minutes; P = ns). CONCLUSION: The gadolinium kinetics of acute myocarditis are different from those of acute myocardial infarction. In myocarditis, LGE images acquired 5 minutes after contrast injection provide higher Contrastenhaced-normal and better image quality compared with images taken at later points.