Intercalant-induced V t2g orbital occupation in vanadium oxide cathode toward fast-charging aqueous zinc-ion batteries.

Intercalation-type layered oxides have been widely explored as cathode materials for aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs). Although high-rate capability has been achieved based on the pillar effect of various intercalants for widening interlayer space, an in-depth understanding of atomic orbital variations induced by intercalants is still unknown. Herein, we design an NH4+-intercalated vanadium oxide (NH4+-V2O5) for high-rate ZIBs, together with deeply investigating the role of the intercalant in terms of atomic orbital. Besides extended layer spacing, our X-ray spectroscopies reveal that the insertion of NH4+ could promote electron transition to 3dxy state of V t2g orbital in V2O5, which significantly accelerates the electron transfer and Zn-ion migration, further verified by DFT calculations. As results, the NH4+-V2O5 electrode delivers a high capacity of 430.0 mA h g-1 at 0.1 A g-1, especially excellent rate capability (101.0 mA h g-1 at 200 C), enabling fast charging within 18 s. Moreover, the reversible V t2g orbital and lattice space variation during cycling are found via ex-situ soft X-ray absorption spectrum and in-situ synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction, respectively. This work provides an insight at orbital level in advanced cathode materials.

The heterogeneity of holistic processing profiles in developmental prosopagnosia: holistic processing is impaired but not absent.

Although it is generally assumed that face recognition relies on holistic processing, whether face recognition deficits observed in Developmental Prosopagnosics (DPs) can be explained by impaired holistic processing is currently under debate. The mixed findings from past studies could be the consequence of DP's heterogeneous deficit nature and the use of different measures of holistic processing-the inversion, part-whole, and composite tasks-which showed a poor association among each other. The present study aimed to gain further insight into the role of holistic processing in DPs. Groups of DPs and neurotypicals completed three tests measuring holistic face processing and non-face objects (i.e., Navon task). At a group level, DPs showed (1) diminished, but not absent, inversion and part-whole effects, (2) comparable magnitudes of the composite face effect and (3) global precedence effect in the Navon task. However, single-case analyses showed that these holistic processing deficits in DPs are heterogeneous.

Theoretical insights into the mechanism underlying aflatoxin B1 transformation by the BsCotA-methyl syringate system.

Global concern exists regarding the contamination of food and animal feed with aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), which poses a threat to the health of both humans and animals. Previously, we found that a laccase from Bacillus subtilis (BsCotA) effectively detoxified AFB1 in a reaction mediated by methyl syringate (MS), although the underlying mechanism has not been determined. Therefore, our primary objective of this study was to explore the detoxification mechanism employed by BsCotA. First, the enzyme and mediator dependence of AFB1 transformation were studied using the BsCotA-MS system, which revealed the importance of MS radical formation during the oxidation process. Aflatoxin Q1 (AFQ1) resulting from the direct oxidation of AFB1 by BsCotA, was identified using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The results of UPLC-MS/MS and density functional theory calculations indicated that the products included AFQ1, AFB1-, and AFD1-MS-coupled products in the BsCotA-MS system. The toxicity evaluations revealed that the substances derived from the transformation of AFB1 through the BsCotA-MS mechanism exhibited markedly reduced toxicity compared to AFB1. Finally, we proposed a set of different AFB1-transformation pathways generated by the BsCotA-MS system based on the identified products. These findings greatly enhance the understanding of the AFB1-transformation mechanism of the laccase-mediator system.

A new Asian version of the CFMT: The Cambridge Face Memory Test - Chinese Malaysian (CFMT-MY).

The Cambridge Face Memory Test (CFMT) is one of the most important measures of individual differences in face recognition and for the diagnosis of prosopagnosia. Having two different CFMT versions using a different set of faces seems to improve the reliability of the evaluation. However, at the present time, there is only one Asian version of the test. In this study, we present the Cambridge Face Memory Test - Chinese Malaysian (CFMT-MY), a novel Asian CFMT using Chinese Malaysian faces. In Experiment 1, Chinese Malaysian participants (N = 134) completed two versions of the Asian CFMT and one object recognition test. The CFMT-MY showed a normal distribution, high internal reliability, high consistency and presented convergent and divergent validity. Additionally, in contrast to the original Asian CFMT, the CFMT-MY showed an increasing level of difficulties across stages. In Experiment 2, Caucasian participants (N = 135) completed the two versions of the Asian CFMT and the original Caucasian CFMT. Results showed that the CFMT-MY exhibited the other-race effect. Overall, the CFMT-MY seems to be suitable for the diagnosis of face recognition difficulties and could be used as a measure of face recognition ability by researchers who wish to examine face-related research questions such as individual differences or the other-race effect.

Increasing the Photocatalytic Hydrogen Generation Activity of CdS Nanorods by Introducing Interfacial and Polarization Electric Fields.

Cadmium sulfide (CdS) is a photocatalyst widely used for efficient H2 production under visible light irradiation, due to its narrow bandgap and suitable conduction band position. However, the fast recombination of carriers results in their low utilization. In order to improve photocatalytic hydrogen production, it reports the successful introduction of metallic Cd and S vacancies on CdS nanorods (CdS NRs) by a facile in situ chemical reduction method, using a thermal treatment process. This procedure generates interfacial and polarization electric fields, that significantly improve the photocatalytic hydrogen production performance of CdS NRs in sodium sulfide and sodium sulfite aqueous solutions, under visible light irradiation (λ >420 nm). The introduction of these electric fields is believed to improve charge separation and facilitate faster interfacial charge migration, resulting in a significantly optimized catalyst, with a photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rate of up to 10.6 mmol-1  g-1  h-1 with apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) of 12.1% (420 nm), which is 8.5 times higher than that of CdS. This work provides a useful method to introduce metallic and S vacancies on metal sulfide photocatalysts to build local polarization and interfacial electric fields for high-performance photocatalytic H2 production.

COAP-Pd Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation of Azlactones with MBH Carbonates: Access to Unnatural α-Quaternary Stereogenic Glutamic Acid Derivatives.

A palladium-catalyzed regioselective and asymmetric allylic alkylation of azlactones with MBH carbonates has been developed with chiral oxalamide-phosphine ligands. The corresponding reaction afforded a range of optically active γ-arylidenyl glutamic acid derivatives bearing an α-chiral quaternary stereocenter in good yields with excellent linear regio- and high enantioselectivity. This protocol furnishes an alternative approach for the construction of enantio-enriched unnatural α-amino acid derivatives.

The search for a maximum of the D-π-A paradigm for second order nonlinear optical molecular materials.

Push-pull π-conjugated molecules are one of the paradigms of second order nonlinear optical (NLO) materials and have been extensively explored. However, high-performance second order NLO materials with an optimum electron donor (D), π-bridge (π) and acceptor (A) under this paradigm are still the most sought-after. In the present work, D-π-A molecules with optimal D, π and A combination for strong second order NLO properties are proposed based on molecular orbital theories. The optimal D-π-A push-pull molecule achieves an unprecedentedly strong NLO response under the D-π-A paradigm, i.e., the static first hyperpolarizability reaches -453.92 × 10-30 esu per heavy atom using azulene as part of the π-bridge and acceptor to synergistically reinforce the strength of the acceptor. The protocols of D-π-A NLO molecule design through frontier molecular orbital matching of D, π and A with optimal combination of electron donating and accepting strengths shed light on future molecular NLO materials exploration. The simulated two-dimensional second order spectra provide useful information (e.g., sum frequency generation) on the applications of those D-π-A push-pull molecules in nonlinear optics.

Creation of poxvirus expressing foot-and-mouth and peste des petits ruminant disease virus proteins.

OBJECTIVE: Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) and Peste des petits ruminant disease (PPR) are acute and severe infectious diseases of sheep and are listed as animal diseases for compulsory immunization. However, there is no dual vaccine to prevent these two diseases. The Modified Vaccinia virus Ankara strain (MVA) has been widely used in the construction of recombinant live vector vaccine because of its large capacity of foreign gene, wide host range, high safety, and immunogenicity. In this study, MVA-GFP recombinant virus skeleton was used to construct dual live vector vaccines against FMD and PPR. METHODS: The recombinant plasmid pUC57-FMDV P1-2A3CPPRV FH was synthesized and transfected into MVA-GFP infected CEF cells for homologous recombination. RESULTS: The results showed that a recombinant virus without fluorescent labeling was obtained after multiple rounds of plaque screening. The recombinant virus successfully expressed the target proteins, and the empty capsid of FMDV could be observed by transmission electron microscope (TME), and the expression levels of foreign proteins (VP1 and VP3) detected by ELISA were like those detected in FMDV-infected cells. This study laid the foundation for the successful construction of a live vector vaccine against FMD and PPR. KEY POINTS: • A recombinant MVA expressing FMDVP12A3C and PRRV HF proteins • Both the FMDV and PRRV proteins inserted into the virus were expressed • The proteins expressed by the recombinant poxvirus were assembled into VLPs.

Metabolic characteristics and markers in viable but nonculturable state of Pseudomonas aeruginosa induced by chlorine stress.

Many Gram-negative pathogens enter the viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state to resist external environmental stress (such as disinfection). However, little is known about the metabolic properties, especially for the metabolic markers, of VBNC bacteria, which impedes the development of efficient disinfection technologies and causes more potential health risks. In this study, we analyzed the metabolic characteristics of chlorine stress-induced VBNC Pseudomonas aeruginosa at the population and single-cell levels. The overall metabolic activity of VBNC bacteria showed a downward trend, but the glyoxylate cycle, fatty acid and glycerophospholipid metabolism pathways were up-regulated. Based on the metabolic profiles of VBNC bacteria, nine metabolic markers (pyruvate, glyoxylate, guanine, glutamate, sn glycero-3-phos-phocholine, fatty acid, D-alanine, glutathione, N-Butanoyl-D-homoserine lactone) were determined. The results of single-cell Raman spectroscopy showed that the metabolic activity of VBNC bacteria was significantly reduced, but showed more significant metabolic heterogeneity. The redshift of the Raman peaks of 15N and 13C labeled VBNC bacteria was significantly weaker than that of the culturable bacteria, suggesting that the VBNC bacteria have a reduced ability to synthesize proteins, nucleotides, phospholipids, and carbohydrates. The result of this study can help to better understand the metabolic mechanisms and energy management strategy of VBNC bacteria, to achieve precise identification and effective control of VBNC bacteria.

Detection method based on a coupled illumination correction algorithm for the detection of surface defects in ZrO2 ceramic bearing balls.

To address the problem of feature texture loss in defective images of zirconia bearing balls on unbalanced illumination backgrounds, a coupled algorithm of the local gamma function transform-block interpolation balancing equation is designed. A combination of a light reflection imaging model and a three-dimensional Gaussian surround function is used to extract the illumination estimate of the original image. Subsequent illumination balance correction is performed in the value color space. The contrast between the edges of the feature texture and the background is analyzed to construct a locally adaptive gamma function transformation model. We establish local block interpolation balance equations to eliminate the effects caused by illumination that is too high or too low. The experimental results show that the information entropy of the images after illumination correction changes in the range of 5% or less. The standard deviation and mean gradient can be increased by 15.21% and 14.78%, respectively.

In vivo and in vitro study on hepatotoxicity of Tris-(2, 3-dibromopropyl) isocyanurate exposure via mitochondrial and death receptor pathway.

Tri-(2,3-dibromopropyl) isocyanate (TBC), a newly brominated flame retardant, is widely used in the synthesis of flame retardant materials with characteristics of persistent organic pollutants. To obtain environmental exposure risks of TBC, Wistar rats and HepG2 cell were used for in vivo and in vitro studies on the toxicity of TBC and relevant ecotoxicological mechanisms of apoptosis. 80 Wistar rats were randomly selected and divided into four exposure groups (0, 0.313, 0.625, 1.250) g/(kg·bw) TBC, half male and half female, with oral administration for 28 days. Wistar rats exhibited appetite loss, weight loss, and dull hair with increasing period of TBC exposure. The pathological examinations revealed the most severe damage of liver and the ratio of liver/body weight of 35.497 × 10-3 for high-dosed group (1.250 g/kg·bw) was higher than that of 32.792 × 10-3 for control group in female rats with identical trend in male rats. The above indicators was fairly consistent with the serum test results which further confirmed the liver to be the target organ. The exposure dosages of HepG2 cell were (0, 12.5, 25, 50) µg/mL, individually. The HepG2 cells exposed to TBC for 72 h displayed hazy cell contour and decreased density of cell growth. And there was an inhibition detected by MTT assay, where the maximum inhibition rate was 19.93% under the dose of 50 µg/mL TBC. Apoptosis rate detected by flow cytometry which was demonstrated to be positively correlated to exposure dosage of TBC. The apoptosis rates of the low, medium and high dose groups of TBC exposure were (1.082 ± 0.109) %, (3.017 ± 0.09) % and (6.813 ± 0.233) %, individually. Targeted genes and corresponding protein expressions that triggering apoptosis both in vivo and in vitro were significantly altered. Overall, this work discloses the impacts of TBC exposure on hepatotoxicity, which provides new insights for chemical risk assessments of accelerate cell apoptosis via mitochondrial and death receptor pathway.

ß-lactamase genes transmission influenced by tetracycline, sulfonamide and ß-lactams antibiotics contamination in the on-site farm soil.

The prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), which have been identified as emerging environmental pollutants that pose a considerable risk to human health is widespread. The formation and transmission of ARGs are mainly associated with the antibiotic stress in an environment. And the abundance of ARGs also influenced by other categories antibiotics. The geographic information system was used to visualize the relative abundance of 28 types of ARGs and concentration of 18 types of antibiotics. The concentration of tetracycline antibiotics (TCs) and sulfonamide antibiotics (SAs) decreased gradually with increasing soil depth, while that of ß-lactams (ß-Ls) showed an increasing trend. The results revealed that TCs accounted for the largest proportion of all antibiotics. Furthermore, the abundance of ß-lactam ARGs (ß-RGs) increased with TCs and ß-Ls increased. The abundance of tetracycline ARGs (TRGs) remained relatively stable with increasing concentrations of all antibiotics, while that of sulfonamide ARGs (SRGs) showed a decreasing trend. Although the abundance of ß-RGs significantly increased with increasing levels of TCs and ß-Ls. However, ß-RGs were not significantly correlated with ß-Ls, but with TCs. This study provided visual and comprehensive insights into the correlation between the distribution of typical antibiotics and ARGs and analyzed the synergy or antagonism between different antibiotics and ARGs. It is significant for soil remediation to reduce the likelihood of ARGs entering into and spreading in the human food chain via milk and beef consumption.

Clinical Observation of Subepidermal Vascular Network Flaps in Keloid Patients.

BACKGROUND: There are many different keloid treatment modalities. One surgical technique is to keep the "shell" of the keloid to cover the defect. We named this "shell" keloid subepidermal vascular network flap (KSVNF), and we outlined the characteristics of this flap by observing 35 flaps in keloid patients. METHODS: A total of 35 KSVNFs were designed in 15 patients during 2020-2021. All patients underwent the operation and adjuvant radiotherapy as well as hyperbaric oxygen therapy. All flap lengths and widths were recorded, and the blood perfusion of the flaps was measured on the first day postoperation and the day of stitch removal. Flap survival and the quality of flaps were evaluated on the day of stitch removal. All harvested data were analyzed using the R (version 4.0.1) package. RESULTS: The mean blood perfusion on the first day postoperation (pod1) and the day of stitch removal was 120.4013 and 168.6900, respectively (p = 0.02249); 2 flaps had partial necrosis (5.714%). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that when the length/width ratio was less than 1.05, the quality of the flap was good (AUC = 0.724), which suggests that the effective safe length/width ratio was 1.05. CONCLUSION: KSVNF is an applicable method for covering the remaining wound after keloid mass removal with sufficient blood perfusion and adequate skin quality. We recommend that the length/width ratio of the flap design not exceed 1. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each submission to which Evidence-Based Medicine rankings are applicable. This excludes Review Articles, Book Reviews, and manuscripts that concern Basic Science, Animal Studies, Cadaver Studies, and Experimental Studies. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

N-chlorosuccinimide enhancing the antimicrobial effect of benzalkonium chloride on biofilm Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its interaction mechanisms.

This study investigated the influence of N-chlorosuccinimide (NCS) pretreatment on the antimicrobial effect of benzalkonium chloride (BZC, representative of QACs) against biofilm bacteria and its mechanisms. Results show that 0.04 - 0.07 mmol/L NCS pretreatment significantly increased the antimicrobial efficacy of 0.03 mmol/L BZC on biofilm cells by 30% - 70%. The main mechanisms involved membrane permeability, oxidative damage, and metabolic disorder. More precisely, NCS pretreatment increased the permeability of bacteria and reduced the activity of the electron transport system (ETS) and dehydrogenase (DHA). At the same time, the oxidative damage of both endogenous and exogenous ROS and the disorder of the antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase) further improved their combined antibacterial ability. Moreover, NCS pretreatment greatly reduced the resistance of biofilm Pseudomonas aeruginosa to BZC. The findings of the study provide a new method to effectively enhance the antimicrobial efficiency of quaternary ammonium cationic surfactants (e.g., BZC) and reduce bacterial resistance, as well as a scientific guidance for the development of new antimicrobial products.

[Clinical features of 19 children infected with the Omicron variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in Hangzhou, China]. / 杭州市19ä¾‹æ–°åž‹å† çŠ¶ç— æ¯’Omicronå˜å¼‚æ ªæ„ŸæŸ“å„¿ç«¥çš„ä¸´åºŠç‰¹å¾.

OBJECTIVES: To study the clinical features of children infected with the Omicron variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). METHODS: The medical data of 19 children who were diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant infection from January 28 to March 3, 2022 in Hangzhou were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: Among the 19 children, there were 7 boys (37%) and 12 girls (63%), and their age ranged from 6 months to 16 years, with a median age of 2 years and 1 month. Most of these children were infants and young children (aged ≤3 years, accounting for 53%). Among these children, 11 (58%) were unvaccinated with SARS-CoV-2 vaccine and 8 (42%) were vaccinated with SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, and 3 children (16%) had a history of underlying diseases. All 19 children had a clear history of close contact with persons infected with SARS-CoV-2, and 10 children (53%) were involved in the cluster outbreak in a maternal and infant care center. In terms of clinical classification, 13 children (68%) had mild coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and 6 (32%) had common COVID-19, with no severe cases of COVID-19. The most common clinical symptoms were cough (100%) and fever (63%). The children with a normal peripheral white blood cell count accounted for 84%, and those with a normal lymphocyte count accounted for 68%. There were no significant abnormalities in platelet count, procalcitonin, liver function parameters (alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase), and renal function parameters (creatinine and urea). Six children (32%) had obvious signs of pneumonia on chest CT. All 19 children were given symptomatic treatment, and 12 children (63%) were given aerosol inhalation of interferon α. All children were cured and discharged. CONCLUSIONS: Children infected with Omicron variant strains are more common in infants and young children, with mild symptoms and good prognosis. Most of the children have a history of close contact with persons infected with SARS-CoV-2, and epidemic prevention and control should be strengthened in places with many infants and children, such as maternal and infant care centers.

Self-Amplification of Coherent Energy Modulation in Seeded Free-Electron Lasers.

The spectroscopic techniques for time-resolved fine analysis of matter require coherent x-ray radiation with femtosecond duration and high average brightness. Seeded free-electron lasers (FELs), which use the frequency up-conversion of an external seed laser to improve temporal coherence, are ideal for providing fully coherent soft x-ray pulses. However, it is difficult to operate seeded FELs at a high repetition rate due to the limitations of present state-of-the-art laser systems. Here, we report a novel self-modulation method for enhancing laser-induced energy modulation, thereby significantly reducing the requirement of an external laser system. Driven by this scheme, we experimentally realize high harmonic generation in a seeded FEL using an unprecedentedly small external laser-induced energy modulation. An electron beam with a laser-induced energy modulation as small as 1.8 times the slice energy spread is used for lasing at the seventh harmonic of a 266-nm seed laser in a single-stage high-gain harmonic generation (HGHG) setup and the 30th harmonic of the seed laser in a two-stage HGHG setup. The results mark a major step toward a high-repetition-rate, fully coherent x-ray FEL.

lncRNA-H19/miR-29a axis affected the viability and apoptosis of keloid fibroblasts through acting upon COL1A1 signaling.

This study was intended to clarify the potential of applying the long-chain noncoding RNA H19/miR-29a axis in keloid treatment by elucidating its correlation with the activity of fibroblasts. In this study, 80 keloid tissues, 63 normal fibrous tissues, and 91 normal skin tissues were collected in advance, and concurrently, fibroblasts separated from the tissues were cultured. Besides this, the si-H19, pcDNA3.1-H19, miR-29a mimic, and miR-29a inhibitor were transfected to keloid fibroblasts, whose proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis were appraised by employing the colony formation assay, flow cytometry, and transwell assay. In addition, the luciferase reporter gene assay was carried out to determine whether targeted regulation was present between H19 and miR-29a, as well as between miR-29a and COL1A1. The study results demonstrated that keloid tissues and fibroblasts exhibited observably upregulated H19 expression and downregulated miR-29a expression, relative to normal skin tissues and fibroblasts (P < .05). Also observed was a negative correlation between H19 expression and miR-29a expression among the gathered keloid tissues (rs = -.267, P = .017). Furthermore, in vitro transfection of pcDNA3.1-H19 or miR-29a inhibitor could intensify viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion of the fibroblasts (P < .05), while silencing of H19 and overexpression of miR-29a hindered both metastasis and multiplication of the fibroblasts significantly (P < .05). In addition, H19 was capable of altering miR-29a expression within fibroblasts by directly sponging it, and overexpression of COL1A1 could deter the impact of miR-29a on viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion of fibroblasts (P < .05). In conclusion, H19 might facilitate proliferation and metastasis of fibroblasts by modifying downstream miR-29a and COL1A1, which was expected to allow for development of keloid-targeted treatments.

[Soil ecological effect of attapulgite and its application prospect in ecological planting of Chinese materia medica].

The long-term and extensive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in the cultivation of Chinese materia medica has resulted in serious soil ecological and environmental problems such as secondary salinization, soil consolidation, soil acidification, continuous cropping obstacles, micro-ecological imbalance, and serious soil pests and diseases in the production areas of Chinese materia medica. Therefore, promoting the ecological planting of Chinese materia medica is the only way for the production of Chinese materia medica. Attapulgite(ATP) is a kind of water-rich magnesium-rich aluminosilicate clay mineral with layered and chain structure. It has abundant reserves in China, possesses nano-material properties, strong adsorption and ion exchange properties, and has huge high value utilization space. ATP and its functional products have the potential of water and fertilizer conservation, regulating soil structure and micro-ecology, and are widely used in ecological planting of Chinese materia medica. This paper reviews the resource distribution, structural characteristics, the research and application progress in soil ecological effects of ATP, and prospects the application prospects of it in the ecological planting of Chinese materia medica.

Role of microRNA-145 in protection against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice by regulating expression of GZMK with the treatment of sevoflurane.

This study aims to investigate the role of microRNA-145 (miR-145) in protection against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in mice by regulating expression of granzyme K (GZMK) with the treatment of sevoflurane. The mice model of myocardial I/R injury was established by left coronary artery ligation. The expression of miR-145 and GZMK in myocardial tissues of mice was detected by Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. The changes of the cardiac function and hemodynamics, pathological changes of myocardial tissues, the ultrastructure of cardiomyocytes, myocardial infarction area, and cardiomyocyte apoptosis were observed. The expression of the apoptosis-related protein cleaved-caspase-3, Bax, and Bcl-2 was detected by western blot analysis. The levels of malondialdehyde, myeloperoxidase, superoxide dismutase in myocardial tissues were detected by spectrophotometric colorimetry. The levels of interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α in the serum of mice were detected by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The level of oxidative stress and the expression of inflammatory factors increased in mice with myocardial I/R injury. Sevoflurane postconditioning could reduce myocardial I/R injury in mice. Sevoflurane postconditioning may protect myocardial I/R injury through miR-145-regulation of GZMK in mice. Inhibition of miR-145 expression could reduce the protective effect of sevoflurane posttreatment on myocardial I/R injury in mice. Low expression of GZMK could attenuate the inhibitory effect of miR-145 on myocardial I/R injury after sevoflurane treatment in mice. Our study suggests that sevoflurane postconditioning may protect against myocardial I/R injury by upregulating miR-145 expression and downregulating GZMK expression.

HLA-C*12:02 is strongly associated with Xuesaitong-induced cutaneous adverse drug reactions.

Xuesaitong (XST) is mainly used to treat cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, sometimes causing cutaneous adverse drug reactions (cADRs) with unknown mechanisms of pathogenicity or risk factors. We aimed to verify whether human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles are associated with XST-related cADRs in Han Chinese population. We carried out an association study including 12 subjects with XST-induced cADRs, 283 controls, and 28 XST-tolerant subjects. Five out of 12 patients with XST-induced cADRs carried HLA-C*12:02, and all of them received XST via intravenous drip. The carrier frequency of HLA-C*12:02 was significantly high compare to that of the control population (Pc = 4.4 × 10-4, odds ratio (OR) = 21.75, 95% CI = 5.78-81.88). Compared with that of the XST-tolerant group, the patients who received XST through intravenous drip presented a higher OR of cADRs (Pc = 0.011, OR = 27.00, 95% CI = 2.58-282.98). The results suggest that HLA-C*12:02 is a potentially predictive marker of XST-induced cADRs in Han Chinese, especially when XST is administered via intravenous drip.