Beliefs and practices of the nursing team related to pressure injury preventive measures: A analysis of social representations.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To analyse the process of elaborating social representations about pressure injury preventive measures by the nursing team (nurses and nurse technicians) and how this process relates to preventive practices for hospitalized patients. DESIGN: Qualitative study, with the application of the theory of social representations in its procedural methodological approach. METHODS: The study was carried out in an inpatient clinic of a public hospital in the state of Rondônia, Brazil. Totally, 28 nursing professionals in the medical clinic sectors who had worked directly with patient care for more than 6 months participated. The data were collected between July and September 2021 via in-depth interviews with the application of a semi-structured instrument. Analysis was carried out with the help of ALCESTE software, which performed a lexicographic analysis, and also via thematic analysis. The COREQ guided the presentation of the research report. RESULTS: The social representations were developed based on the professionals' symbolic beliefs about the visibility/invisibility of the results of applying preventive care. These symbolic constructions mobilized positive and negative feelings among the nursing team, which guided the classification of prevention practices as being of greater or lesser priority among other care activities. There were favourable attitudes among professionals, which included applying prevention measures in their daily routines, and unfavourable attitudes of non-adherence to the institution's protocol for preventing pressure injuries. CONCLUSIONS: The nursing team's perception of pressure injury prevention is influenced by symbolic, affective, values, and social dimensions. Non-adherence behaviours are attributed to the belief in the invisibility of prevention outcomes, resulting in a reluctance to implement preventive measures. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Understanding the subjective logic that explains the thinking and actions of the nursing team suggests the need to incorporate discussions on beliefs, values, sentiments, and attitudes of nursing professionals into educational programs on pressure injury prevention. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: No public contribution.

[Intimate partner violence against pregnant women: the environment according to Levine's nursing theory]. / Violência perpetrada por parceiro íntimo à gestante: o ambiente à luz da teoria de Levine.

OBJECTIVE: Analyzing the elements that compose the environment of pregnant women who have experienced intimate partner violence in the light of Levine's Nursing Theory. METHOD: A qualitative, descriptive study conducted from September to January 2012, with nine pregnant women in a Municipal Health Center in Rio de Janeiro. The interviews were semi-structured and individual. The theoretical framework was based on Levine's Nursing Theory. RESULTS: Thematic analysis evidenced the elements that composed the external environment, such as violence perpetrated by intimate partners before and during pregnancy, violence in childhood and adolescence, alcohol consumption and drug use by the partner, unemployment, low education and economic dependency, which affected health and posed risks to the pregnancy. CONCLUSION: Violence perpetrated by an intimate partner was the main external factor that influenced the internal environment with repercussions on health. This theory represents a tool in nursing care which will aid in detecting cases and the fight against violence.

Sexual and reproductive health: analysis of the content published in two Brazilian scientific nursing events.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the content published in the Proceedings of the 71st Brazilian Nursing Congress and the 20th National Research Seminar in the field of sexual and reproductive health. METHOD: Qualitative, descriptive study, whose data sources were the annalsof two 2019 events that were related to Sexual and Reproductive Health. Content analysis and lexical typology were carried out with the aid of the IRAMUTEq® software. RESULTS: In a universe of 3,433 abstracts, 603 were analyzed and showed a higher prevalence of qualitative studies and experience reports, focusing on the maternal-child area and on the pathologizing and medicalizing processes of women's health, with incipient use of software in the analysis. However, there were signs of health promotion and humanized care. CONCLUSION: The dissemination of studies in the field of sexual and Reproductive Health seems to be in a conflict between accommodation and resistance, at the same time that it maintains old imperatives of the hegemonic domain, seeking to overcome them with new methodologies and care based on integrality and equity.

Identity dimension of rural women and the sexual and reproductive health.

OBJECTIVES: to analyze the social representations of rural women about being a woman in the rural context and its implications for sexual and reproductive health. METHODS: this is a descriptive qualitative study with data triangulation, based on the Theory of Social Representations, developed with 31 women who live in the rural context of Minas Gerais (MG/BR). An in-depth interview with a semi-structured script was conducted. A lexical analysis was performed with the help of the ALCESTE 2012 software. RESULTS: the family relationship, especially the couple's, demonstrated subjectivities and was permeated by violence and normalized sexual practice. The imagery dimension of the ideal family seems to be responsible for exerting domination over rural women. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: rural women are subject to the norms and prescriptions of a patriarchal society. It is urgent to increase attention to sexual and reproductive health in an egalitarian and liberating way in order to minimize the consequences of machismo and conservatism.

Transsexuality and health demands: representations of nursing students.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the social representations of nursing students about transsexuality and the health demands of transsexual people. METHODS: Qualitative, descriptive research with undergraduate nursing students from a public university in Rio de Janeiro/Brazil. The data came from a semi-structured interview and lexical analysis using Alceste 2012 software. RESULTS: Transsexuality was represented as a transgression, with the transsexual person being objectified as unnatural because they do not identify with their biological sex. Hormone therapy and sex reassignment surgeries were understood as the main demands, being anchored in a pathologizing and medicalizing health sphere. However, the theme is not addressed during graduation, generating unpreparedness for professional life. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The need to update the academic curriculum, as well as the way of thinking about the care of transsexual people, is essential and urgent for an integral and equitable care.

Assistance process to women with severe maternal morbidity: a mixed study.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the maternal and obstetric characteristics associated with severe maternal morbidity, and the factors of the assistance process involved in the severe outcomes according to nurses and doctors. METHOD: Sequential mixed study at the tertiary maternity in the city of Rio de Janeiro, based on care records and interviews with these professionals, from February to July 2019. Chi-square test, prevalence ratio and thematic content analysis were applied. RESULTS: In 66 (100%) women with SMM, severe preeclampsia (77.3%) was more prevalent and there were 12 (18.2%) cases of near miss and one maternal death. Postpartum hemorrhage (PR = 3.21; 95% CI 1.22-8.41) and blood transfusions (PR = 3.60; 95% CI 1.81-7.16) contributed to severe outcomes. There are deficiencies in the health system, access to reproductive health and quality of care. CONCLUSION: Improvements in access to health and quality of the care process are imperative to reduce severe maternal outcomes.

Social support networks for women in situation of intimate partner violence.

OBJECTIVES: to analyze the possibilities of support that the social support network offers to women in situations of intimate partner violence. METHODS: qualitative research anchored in Sanicola's social network framework. A total of 21 women attended at a specialized social assistance service in Porto Velho-Rondônia, Brazil, participated in a semi-structured interview. RESULTS: the analysis of network maps showed that the secondary social support network mobilized had a central character in the lives of women in situations of violence. These women sought the third sector's secondary network, the churches, from which they received emotional-affective and spiritual support. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: understanding the social network setting and the type of support offered can contribute to improving care for women and strengthening interpersonal and institutional ties that help in the search for breaking the situation of violence.

Teaching Iramuteq for use in qualitative research according to YouTube videos: an exploratory-descriptive study.

OBJECTIVES: to identify the contents and characteristics of videos posted on YouTube that deal with Iramuteq software use as a tool to assist qualitative research and discuss the contribution of this social network to dissemination of knowledge, especially in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD: this is an exploratory-descriptive study with a qualitative approach, carried out with YouTube videos, collected in June 2021 and subjected to thematic analysis. RESULTS: a total of 43 videos on the researched topic were identified, with the majority (69.76%) published from 2020-2021. As for content, five categories were identified. CONCLUSION: the videos explain about Iramuteq installation, the textual corpus preparation, the errors identified by users and methods to correct them, the lexical analysis developed by the program and how to use it. The content is presented in a theoretical and practical way through the software interface presentation. Thus, YouTube's contribution to developing teaching and disseminating knowledge is observed, both because it constitutes itself as a source for research and because it fosters dialogues between researchers, especially in a pandemic context.

Social representations of adolescents about sexuality on the internet.

OBJECTIVE: To apprehend the social representations of adolescents about sexuality on the internet. METHOD: Qualitative research, based on the structural approach on the Theory of Social Representations, with adolescents who are users of virtual media and who are students of two state schools. The free word association test was used, whose data were processed by the Evoc® 2005 software and analyzed in the light of the aforementioned theory. RESULTS: A total of 124 adolescents participated in the research. The terms pornography, sexting and violence made up the central nucleus of the representation, signaling the valuation, image and practice dimensions of the investigated object. The similarity analysis confirmed the centrality of the violence element and added virtual dating and pedophilia. CONCLUSION: The social representations of adolescents point to the lack of security in the virtual environment regarding the exercise of sexuality, with predominant values and negative dimensions, which distance themselves from what is established as sexual rights, since adolescents have the right to live and express their sexuality freely.

Safe intra-hospital care in context of vulnerability to socio-environmental disasters: implications for nursing.

OBJECTIVES: to analyze the factors involved in safe intra-hospital care, in a context of vulnerability to socio-environmental disasters and their implications for nursing. METHODS: a cross-sectional study of a descriptive and exploratory nature. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 49 nursing professionals from a hospital in the mountainous region of the state of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil), which suffered a significant impact from a socio-environmental disaster in January 2011. Data were processed by software IRaMuTeQ. RESULTS: aspects related to disaster assistance were presented through a thematic chunk with four classes, through descending hierarchical classification. CONCLUSIONS: for better nursing response in socio-environmental disasters, in an intra-hospital setting, investments for training and continuing education should be prioritized; adequate provision and provision of human, material and technological resources; psychological support for professionals after such events; appropriation of nursing competencies for the development of advanced practices in disasters and effective risk management.

Transition to exclusive palliative care for women with breast cancer.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the perspectives that affect the transition to exclusive palliative care for women with breast cancer. METHODS: qualitative, descriptive study, carried out in a public health institution in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, between December 2018 and May 2019. 28 health professionals were interviewed. Content analysis was used in the thematic modality. RESULTS: the operational difficulties were linked to the fragmented physical structure, the late and unplanned nature of the referral, the ineffective communication, and the deficit of human resources. In general, women and family members resist referral because they do not know palliative care. There is no consensus among oncologists on the most appropriate time to stop systemic therapy for disease control. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: the perceived difficulties configure an abrupt referral, accompanied by false hopes and, often, limited to end-of-life care.

Home care for children with gastrostomy.

OBJECTIVES: to describe home care practices performed by family members for maintaining the life of children with gastrostomy. METHODS: qualitative research using the Sensitive Creative method, with the Criatividade e Sensibilidade Corpo Saber [Corpo Saber Creativity and Sensitivity] dynamics. The participation included ten family caregivers of children with gastrostomy. The outpatient clinic of a federal hospital in Rio de Janeiro was the setting. Lexical analysis was used through the IRaMuTeQ® software. RESULTS: Theme 1, entitled "The care for maintaining life performed by family members of children with gastrostomy at home", was analyzed, comprising three classes: "The gastrostomy tube home care routine"; "The care with the gastrostomy/stoma"; and "Food and medication home care routine of children with gastrostomy". FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: family caregivers used strategies to maintain the device and acquired new knowledge in this field, and in nursing competence, regarding stoma care, food administration, medication, and syringes.

COVID-19 pandemic and nursing week: analysis from software Iramuteq.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the themes of publications on the Federal Council of Nursing (Cofen) website during Nursing Week 2020. METHOD: documentary, qualitative research, whose data sources were publications on the Cofen website from May 12 to 20, 2020. Data were processed by software IRAMUTEQ®, through the Descending Hierarchical Classification and analyzed under the historical materialism framework. RESULTS: thirty publications were analyzed, giving rise to five classes. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: the themes published in the period investigated pointed to the grief experienced by the category, due to the death of its members, and the fight for better working conditions. Overcoming the pandemic involves recognizing science and the Unified Health System, protecting nursing workers' health and fighting misinformation and fake news.

Sexual and reproductive health in riverine communities: integrative review.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the scientific evidence available on the sexual and reproductive health of riverine communities. METHOD: Integrative review, conducted on the databases LILACS, MEDLINE; WEB OF SCIENCE and SCOPUS, including publications in Portuguese, English or Spanish, without an initial time limit and published until 2018. RESULTS: 11 studies were selected. The studies included are from the period 1993-2017. The results originated four analytical categories: sexual component, which gathered findings about sexually transmitted infections; reproductive component, which included family planning/fertility control, abortion and problems with pregnancy; environmental component, which presented issues with environmental contaminants and its reproductive implications; and the sociocultural component, which discussed gender, beliefs and social indicators. CONCLUSION: In this review, studies with a quantitative approach, from a female point of view and a biological perspective predominated. No study investigated the meanings and representations of SRH for the riverine communities. In addition, the findings show little evidence of thoughts and practices of people living in riverine communities regarding SRH issues, providing limited evidence.

Social representation of reproductive biotechnologies among nurses working in sexual and reproductive health.

OBJECTIVES: to compare the social representations of reproductive biotechnologies among sexual and reproductive health nurses, and their links with professional practice. METHODS: an analytical, comparative, qualitative research, supported by the Theory of Social Representation, carried out in May/2014-February/2015, with 32 nurses from the city of Rio de Janeiro. Semi-structured interview, analyzed by ALCESTE® software. RESULTS: nurses not active in assisted human reproduction represent reproductive biotechnologies as unnatural methods of human reproduction, assessing the practice in this field as generalist and bureaucratic. Those who work represent as auxiliary and supporting nature for heterosexual couples, considering the innovative and specialized practice. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: each group presented specific contents and dimensions about reproductive biotechnologies. The representations are centered on moral, normative and ideological personal values, anchored in the traditional conceptions of human and family reproduction, but also collective, acquired in the professional routine, showing group identity and its distinct practices considering reproductive biotechnologies.

Participative education with nurses: potentialities and vulnerabilities in the breast and cervical cancer tracking.

OBJECTIVES: to systematize permanent participatory education experience with Primary Care nurses on breast and cervical cancer screening, identifying potentialities and vulnerabilities. METHODS: systematic account according to Holliday, in five stages: starting point, initial questions, recovery of the lived process, background reflection and arrival points. It was the product of two workshops with 96 nurses and analyzed in the light of the ministerial guidelines and Ayres' concept of vulnerability. RESULTS: the potentialities are related to the nurse's work implementing the principles of the Unified Health System. The difficulties are complex and expose individual, contextual and programmatic vulnerabilities in the practice of screening. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: permanent education and participatory pedagogical strategies allowed a wide and playful exchange of learning and the participation of a significant number of professionals. There is a need for studies on the institutionality of programmatic guidelines and nurses' space to be the initiator of new practices within the scope of Primary Care.

Nursing work in assisted human reproduction: between technology and humanization.

OBJECTIVES: To analyze the social representations of nurses who work with assisted human reproduction about the operation with reproductive biotechnologies. METHODS: Qualitative approach, supported by the Theory of Social Representations, with sixteen participants. Individual, semi-structured interviews, analyzed through the Alceste software. RESULTS: Pragmatic elements related to nurses' performance from a professional, institutional, and public policy perspective in reproductive biotechnologies emerged, demonstrating the practical dimension of these representations. The characteristics of the professional to act in this area were addressed, showing the lack of information and search for scientificity; precarious perception of the organizational structure of health services; and attributions of nursing care arising from the health care practice in assisted human reproduction. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: Social representation is anchored in the link between technology/medicalization and humanization/reception regarding reproductive biotechnologies. Working in assisted human reproduction involves a new and challenging nursing care, requiring specific and ethical knowledge.

Group practices for teaching the state of the art with multiprofessional residents in health. / Práticas grupais no ensino do estado da arte com residentes multiprofissionais em saúde.

OBJECTIVE: Describing the development of group practices with multiprofissional residents in health with a view to teaching the state of the art. METHODS: Experience reports of the group practices World Café and Tree of Knowledge dynamics, the creative-sensitive method, for teaching the state of the the art, an essential stage in the construction of the end of course paper in the Multiprofessional Residency in Women's Health. RESULTS: The activities are an important strategy for learning the stages of implementation of the state of the art. Furthermore, they favor a reflection on the extent of the application of the state of the art, including teaching, assistance, research, and extension. CONCLUSIONS: The experience showed that group practices provide a dynamic moment of learning and strengthen the interactions among multiprofissional residents.

Identity dimension of rural women and the sexual and reproductive health / Dimensión identitaria de las mujeres rurales y la salud sexual y reproductiva / Dimensão identitária da mulher rural e a saúde sexual e saúde reprodutiva

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the social representations of rural women about being a woman in the rural context and its implications for sexual and reproductive health. Methods: this is a descriptive qualitative study with data triangulation, based on the Theory of Social Representations, developed with 31 women who live in the rural context of Minas Gerais (MG/BR). An in-depth interview with a semi-structured script was conducted. A lexical analysis was performed with the help of the ALCESTE 2012 software. Results: the family relationship, especially the couple's, demonstrated subjectivities and was permeated by violence and normalized sexual practice. The imagery dimension of the ideal family seems to be responsible for exerting domination over rural women. Final Considerations: rural women are subject to the norms and prescriptions of a patriarchal society. It is urgent to increase attention to sexual and reproductive health in an egalitarian and liberating way in order to minimize the consequences of machismo and conservatism.

RESUMEN Objetivos: analizar las representaciones sociales de las mujeres rurales sobre ser mujer en el contexto rural y sus implicaciones para la salud sexual y reproductiva. Métodos: estudio cualitativo descriptivo con triangulación de datos, basado en la Teoría de las Representaciones Sociales, desarrollado con 31 mujeres que viven en el contexto rural de Minas Gerais (MG/BR). Se realizó una entrevista en profundidad con guión semiestructurado. Se realizó un análisis léxico con la ayuda del software ALCESTE 2012. Resultados: la relación familiar, especialmente de pareja, demostró subjetividades y estuvo permeada por la violencia y la práctica sexual normalizada. La dimensión imaginaria de la familia ideal parece ser la responsable de ejercer la dominación sobre las mujeres rurales. Consideraciones Finales: la mujer rural está sujeta a las normas y prescripciones de una sociedad patriarcal. Es urgente aumentar la atención a la salud sexual y reproductiva de manera igualitaria y liberadora para minimizar las consecuencias del machismo y el conservadurismo.

RESUMO Objetivos: analisar as representações sociais de mulheres rurais sobre ser mulher no contexto rural e suas implicações na saúde sexual e saúde reprodutiva. Métodos: trata-se de um estudo descritivo, com triangulação dos dados, abordagem qualitativa, fundamentado na Teoria das Representações Sociais, realizado com 31 mulheres que vivem no contexto rural em Minas Gerais (MG/BR). Realizou-se entrevista em profundidade com roteiro semiestruturado. A análise foi do tipo lexical com auxílio do software Alceste 2012. Resultados: foram evidenciadas as subjetividades do relacionamento familiar, em especial do casal, sendo permeado pela violência e pela prática sexual normatizada. A dimensão imagética da família ideal parece ser responsável por exercer a dominação da mulher rural. Considerações Finais: a mulher rural encontra-se submetida às normas e prescrições de uma sociedade patriarcal. Faz-se urgente ampliar a atenção sobre a saúde sexual e saúde reprodutiva de forma igualitária e libertadora, no sentido de minimizar as consequências do machismo e do conservadorismo.

Transsexuality and health demands: representations of nursing students / Transexualidad y demandas de salud: representaciones de estudiantes de enfermería / Transexualidade e demandas de saúde: representações de graduandos de Enfermagem

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the social representations of nursing students about transsexuality and the health demands of transsexual people. Methods: Qualitative, descriptive research with undergraduate nursing students from a public university in Rio de Janeiro/Brazil. The data came from a semi-structured interview and lexical analysis using Alceste 2012 software. Results: Transsexuality was represented as a transgression, with the transsexual person being objectified as unnatural because they do not identify with their biological sex. Hormone therapy and sex reassignment surgeries were understood as the main demands, being anchored in a pathologizing and medicalizing health sphere. However, the theme is not addressed during graduation, generating unpreparedness for professional life. Final considerations: The need to update the academic curriculum, as well as the way of thinking about the care of transsexual people, is essential and urgent for an integral and equitable care.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar las representaciones sociales de estudiantes de enfermería sobre la transexualidad y las demandas de salud de las personas transexuales. Métodos: Investigación cualitativa, descriptiva con estudiantes de graduación en enfermería de una universidad pública de Río de Janeiro/Brasil. Los datos provinieron de una entrevista semiestructurada y análisis léxico utilizando el software Alceste 2012. Resultados: La transexualidad fue representada como una transgresión, siendo objetivada la persona transexual como antinatural porque no se identifica con su sexo biológico. La terapia hormonal y las cirugías de reasignación de sexo fueron entendidas como las principales demandas, ancladas en un ámbito patologizante. ymedicalizando la salud. Sin embargo, el tema no es abordado durante la graduación, generando despreparación para la vida profesional. Consideraciones finales: La necesidad de actualizar el currículo académico, así como la forma de pensar la atención a las personas transexuales, es fundamental y urgente para una atención integral y equitativa.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar as representações sociais dos graduandos de enfermagem acerca da transexualidade e as demandas de saúde das pessoas transexuais. Métodos: Pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva, com 28 graduandos em enfermagem de uma universidade pública do Rio de Janeiro/Brasil. Realizou-se uma entrevista semiestruturada, no período de novembro de 2017 a março de 2018, e análise tipo lexical com auxílio do software Alceste 2012. Resultados: A transexualidade foi representada como uma transgressão, sendo a pessoa transexual objetivada como antinatural por não se identificar com seu sexo biológico. Terapia hormonal e cirurgias de redesignação sexual foram entendidas como as principais demandas, sendo ancoradas numa esfera patologizante e medicalizadora da saúde. A temática não é abordada durante a graduação, gerando despreparo para vida profissional. Considerações finais: Faz-se necessário ampliar as discussões sobre gênero na academia, tendo como propósito a transposição do imperativo da heteronormatividade, para que futuros enfermeiros estejam aparelhados para fornecer um cuidado integral e equânime.