[VEGF--targeted therapy for the treatment of cervical cancer --literature review]. / Terapia celowana ukierunkowana na VEGF w leczeniu raka szyjki macicy--przeglad pismiennictwa.

Cervical cancer is the third most common malignancy and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death among women worldwide. Advances in the knowledge about molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis have created opportunities for greater use of targeted therapies in contemporary oncology In view of the unsatisfactory results of advanced cervical cancer treatment and a well-documented role of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family members in pathogenesis and progression of cervical cancer, the use of VEGF-targeted therapy in the treatment of cervical cancer offers interesting possibilities. The efficacy of bevacizumab, a monoclonal antibody neutralizing VEGF-A in the treatment of cervical cancer was first suggested in 2006 by a small retrospective analysis and confirmed in several Phase II clinical trials. Preliminary results of the randomized phase III studies presented at this year's ASCO (American Society of Clinical Oncology) conference shed new light on the role of VEGF-targeted therapy in the treatment of cervical cancer as they demonstrated that addition of bevacizumab to chemotherapy is associated with significantly improved overall survival in the group of patients with persistent, recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer.

Ovarian metastasis in a patient with neuroendocrine tumour of the small intestine.

No required for Clinical Vignette.

[Adenocarcinoma arising from endometriosis in scar from a cesarean section treated with the use of plastic mesh]. / Adenocarcinoma w guzie endometrialnym w bliznie po cieciu cesarskim leczony operacyjnie z zastosowaniem siatki polipropylenowej.

OBJECTIVES: Abdominal wall endometriosis is usually a secondary process in scars after a cesarean section or appendectomy. Malignant transformation is an infrequent complication of endometriosis. The great majority of cases belong to adenocarcinoma. Only 21.3% of cases of malignant transformation of endometriosis occur at extragonadal pelvic sites, 4% of cases in scars after laparotomy. STUDY DESIGN: This is a case report of malignant transformation of endometriosis to adenocarcinoma in scar after cesarean section in 45-year old woman. CONCLUSIONS: In cases of abdominal wall endometriosis in scars after cesarean section surgical treatment is a method of choice. Treatment consisted in wide surgical resection followed by prosthetic abdominal wall repair. Using a plastic mesh is a method of choice for abdominal wall reconstruction after surgery.

[Surgical treatment of vulvar cancer in 101-year old patient--a case report]. / Przypadek leczenia operacyjnego raka sromu u 101-letniej pacjentki--opis przypadku klinicznego.

OBJECTIVES: Vulva cancer makes up 2.5-5% of all malignant neoplasms developing within the female genital organs. The average age of patients with vulvar cancer is 60 years, and most cases occur between 70-80. The great majority of cases (95%) belong to squamous cell carcinoma with endophytic or exophytic growth, for example carcinoma verrucosum. It is malignant neoplasms showing a significant histologic maturity, which however, does not cause metastases. STUDY DESIGN: This is a case report concerning a 101 year old patient with vulvar cancer treated surgically. CONCLUSIONS: In cases of vulvar cancer, surgical treatment is still the method of choice. The surgical removal of the tumor together with the surrounding tissues proved to be sufficient.

[Photodynamic diagnosis and therapy in gynecology--current knowledge]. / Diagnostyka i terapia fotodynamiczna w ginekologii--aktualny stan wiedzy.

Photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) is a new method based on the detection of different forms of fluorescence of tissues after previous administration of photosensitizers. The photosensitizer is gathered in the pathological tissue at much higher concentration than in the healthy tissue, thus the fluorescence differs. Localizing wrong fluorescence allows precise choosing of the spot to collect tissue for histopathological or cytological study. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a technique in which tissue is irradiated with light after the use of a photosensitizing drug that produces singlet oxygen, which has a cytotoxic effect. The authors describe new trends in photodynamic diagnosis and treatment of some vulvar epithelial diseases (VIN, lichen sclerosus, condylomata acuminata) and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. They describe photodynamic method in their own studies: diagnosis and treatment of lichen sclerosus and diagnosis of uterine cervix cancer.