ARTP mutagenesis of Aureobasidium pullulans RM1603 for high pullulan production and transcriptome analysis of mutants.

Pullulan is a microbial exopolysaccharide produced by Aureobasidium spp. with excellent physical and chemical properties, resulting in great application value. In this study, a novel strain RM1603 of Aureobasidium pullulans with high pullulan production of 51.0 ± 1.0 g·L- 1 isolated from rhizosphere soil was subjected to atmospheric and room temperature plasma (ARTP) mutagenesis, followed by selection of mutants to obtain pullulan high-producing strains. Finally, two mutants Mu0816 and Mu1519 were obtained, with polysaccharide productions of 58.7 ± 0.8 and 60.0 ± 0.8 g∙L- 1 after 72-h fermentation, representing 15.1 and 17.6% increases compared with the original strain, respectively. Transcriptome analysis of the two mutants and the original strain revealed that the high expression of α/ß-hydrolase (ABHD), α-amylase (AMY1), and sugar porter family MFS transporters (SPF-MFS) in the mutants may be related to the synthesis and secretion of pullulan. These results demonstrated the effectiveness of ARTP mutagenesis in A. pullulans, providing a basis for the investigation of genes related to pullulan synthesis and secretion.

China-Pakistani economic corridor project bring the international trade, healthcare, self-efficacy, and social performance facility to Gilgit city, Pakistan.

This paper aims to identify the impact of China-Pakistani economic corridor project bring the international trade, healthcare, self-efficacy, and social performance facility to Gilgit city, Pakistan. A questionnaire survey was carried out on the scholar presently studying at different universities in china. The 50% scholar estimation silk road enhanced, and 11% have no idea about the increasing of the healthcare opportunity in Gilgit. The 83% scholar estimation silk road improved Gilgit infrastructure. The 66% scholar estimated yes, 10% no, and 50% have no idea about the silk road brings peace and stability to Gilgit. The majority of respondents in the survey had a positive approach to the China-Pakistan Silk Road (CPSR). The results of the analysis show a better knowledge of the communication between the project and social media. This study will help china intensify its products to the middle east, africa, and europe. The (CPSR) is believed to create a shift in china's economic and political position in the world. in addition to strengthening the time-tested economic partnership between the two countries, the CPSR is expected to transform china's economic and political situation in the world.