RESUMO
Fenugreek is a kind of Chinese herbal medicine with great development prospects.At present,there are many modern reports on its components extraction,quality standards,processing technology and pharmacological effects.However,there is still a lack of research on sorting out and analyzing the relevant ancient records,and people's herbological cognition of fenugreek is still controversial and incomplete.In this study,through systematic review and analysis of ancient records,the names,original plant,processing methods and properties(including nature,flavor,meridian tropism,action,application,toxicity and contraindication)of fenugreek were comprehensively verified for the first time,which provided a herbological reference for further development,utilization and in-depth study of Fenugreek.It is found that fenugreek has several names such as Kudou,Luba,Huba and Jidou.Based on analyzing the descriptions and pictures of fenugreek original plant in ancient records,there is a strong likelihood that the ancient and modern medicinal fenugreek belong to the same species.In addition to the current common method of stir-frying with salt solution,the ancient books also recorded eight processing methods of fenugreek,such as stir-frying,steaming,baking,and calcining.According to the research of properties,it is found that fenugreek is warm-hot in nature,bitter,sweet,and pungent in flavor,and attributive to the kidney,stomach,liver and bladder meridians.In addition to the efficacy recorded in pharmacopoeia,this study also complemented fenugreek's actions of"improving hearing and eyesight,guiding fire to origin"and application of"fullness and discomfort in abdomen and hypochondrium".According to the textual research of toxicity and contraindication,fenugreek has been recorded as non-toxic in the past dynasties,but it should be used cautiously in the excess-heat syndrome,Yin deficiency syndrome,and pregnant women.
RESUMO
Objective:Exploring the relationship between diabetes mellitus targets and ACE2 of the receptor of novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV) through a protein interaction network to provide new perspectives for clinical use.Methods:Diabetes mellitus targets were obtained from the GeneCards and OMIM databases. Targets with a relevance score exceeding 10 were included, and ACE2 protein was manually added. The initial protein interaction network was obtained through String and then imported into Cytoscape 3.7.1. We selected the protein targets directly related to ACE2 as the target of the final analysis and imported them into String again in order to obtain the protein interaction network. Module identification, GO analysis and KEGG pathway analysis were performed respectively. The impact of ACE2 on the entire network was analyzed by scoring the module where it located.Results:19 ACE2-related proteins were finally selected from diabetes mellitus targets. Three functional modules were found through the cluster analysis. These modules involved G protein-coupled receptor binding, antioxidant activity, and insulin-like growth factor receptor binding. The main signal pathways involved were the renin angiotensin system signal pathway, the type 2 diabetes mellitus signal pathway, and the FOXA2 signal pathway. The scoring results showed that REN, AGT, INS, NOS3, IL6, and CRP scored the highest.Conclusions:ACE2 is widely associated with diabetes mellitus key proteins. COVID-19 may impact RAS of diabetes mellitus patients then induce serious complications. Clinical use of RAS inhibitors may reduce the impact of COVID-19 infection on diabetes mellitus patients.