Detection of major duodenal papilla using full-spectrum endoscopy:a randomized controlled trial / 中华消化内镜杂志

Objective To evaluate the efficiency and safety of full-spectrum endoscopy for detection of major duodenal papilla. Methods Patients underwent painless gastroscopy in Chinese PLA General Hospital from March 2017 to December 2017 were enrolled and randomly divided into two groups according to random number method. The group A underwent conventional gastroscopy, and the group B underwent full-spectrum endoscopy. The detection rate of major duodenal papilla was calculated and compared between the two groups. Results A total of 100 patients were recruited in the study, including 51 in the group A and 49 in the group B. The whole detection rate of major duodenal papilla of the group B was higher than that of the group A [79. 59％ (39/49) VS 41. 18％ (21/51), χ2 =15. 366, P=0. 000]. There was no statistical difference on the whole plus partial detection rate of major duodenal papilla between the two groups [100. 00％ (49/49) VS 92. 16％ (47/51), χ2=2. 221, P=0. 136]. All patients completed endoscopy examination succesfully without bleeding, peforation or death. Conclusion With the broad view-field, full-spectrum endoscopy is useful to improve the efficiency and safety in detection of major duodenal papilla.

A randomized controlled clinical trial of full-spectrum endoscopy versus conventional colonoscopy for the diagnosis of colonic polyps / 中华消化内镜杂志

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of full-spectrum endoscopy(FUSE) versus conventional colonoscopy for colonic polyps and adenoma. Methods Patients who underwent colonoscopy were randomly allotted into two groups according to randomization and self-control criteria. Patients in group A underwent conventional endoscopy firstly and then to FUSE. Patients in group B were opposite performed the examinations. The polyps and adenomatous polyps were resected or biopsied for pathological examination. Miss rate of colonic polyps as well as adenomatous polyps was calculated. Results A total of 100 patients were recruited for the study,including 45 in group A and 55 in group B. FUSE was significantly superior compared to conventional endoscopy with lower miss rate of polyps(6.52% VS 34.04%,χ2=17.685,P=0.000)as well as adenomatous polyps(5.00% VS 34.38%, χ2=11.774, P=0.001). For the first endoscopic examination,the adenomatous polyps which were found out by FUSE were more than that of ordinary colonoscopy in the right colon(χ2=5.153,P=0.023). The size of adenoma found by ordinary colonoscopy and FUSE was no statistically different whether in the first(t=0.334,P=0.739)or second(t=1.297,P=0.219)endoscopic examinations. Conclusion FUSE is useful to improve the quality of endoscopic examination because of its broad view-field.

Familial adenomatous polyposis: a report of 10 cases in 3 generations of a family and literature review / 中华内科杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristic,diagnosis and treatment of familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP).Methods According to family history of the proband,we surveyed the pedigree and retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics of 10 FAP patients in 3 generations of the family.Result Among all 10 cases,3 died of colorectal cancer including two of whom had history of intestinal obstruction.Seven people of the third generation were all diagnosed as FAP.Among them,only 2 patients had clinical symptoms.Colonoscopy was done in all 7 patients before 35 years old.However,none of them had polyps or evidence of cancer.Surgical operation was performed on 1 patient and high frequency electric cutting under endoscopy was performed on 6 patients.Conclusions The early clinical manifestations of FAP are nonspecific.Pedigree investigation and colonoscopy screening for high-risk population are important to find early asymptomatic FAP patients.

Radiological diagnosis of obstructive diseases in pyeloureteric junction / 重庆医科大学学报

Objective:To enhance the recognition of pyeloureteric junction(PUJ)obstruction and improve the diagnosis of its cause.Methods:Thirty-eight patients with pyeloureteric junction obstruction underwent intravenous urography(IVU),retrograde urography(RGU) and CT examinations.X-ray and CT findings in all patients were analyzed retrospectively.Results:On X-ray and CT images in all patients the morphologic features and hydronephrosis state of pyeloureteric junction obstruction were clearly visualized.Conclusion:Urography combined with CT examination can judge obstructive position and renal function,and it is a most efficient diagnostic method for obstructive disease in PUJ.

Suicide gene therapy for mouse bladder cancer using HSV-tk/GCV system / 重庆医科大学学报

Objective:To establish a suicide gene therapy system HSV-tk/GCV for bladder cancer,a treatment in vitro as well as in vivo and to test its efficacy.Methods:Mouse bladder cancer cell line (T739) was transfected with retroviral vector HSV-tk gene.The sensitivity of T739-TK cells to GCV was detected in vitro.In the mouse model of bladder tumor,T739 or T739-TK was implanted beneath the peritoneum of syngeneic mice.When tumors grew to the size of 0.5～0.8cm,intraperitoneal administration of GCV was carried out for 6 days.Changes of tumor size and survival rate of mice were observed.Results:RT-PCR showed that TK gene was transferred into the T739 cell and expressed successfully. In vitro,T739-TK cells became sensitive to low concentrations of GCV.In vivo studies showed similar result.Significant tumor inhibition was found in the T739-TK group after administration of GCV,and the survival time of mice was prolonged.Conclusion:Tumor cells expressing HSV-tk gene were eradicated by administration of GCV in vitro as well as in vivo.

Optical urethrotomy for anterior urethral stricture under a new local anesthesia: intracorpus spongiosum anesthesia / 重庆医科大学学报

Objectives:To determine the feasibility of routinely performing internal urethrotomy for anterior urethral stricture under intracorpus spongiosum anesthesia in an outpatient setting.Methods:In a consecutive series of 18 patients with anterior urethral stricture,a dosage of 2~3 ml of 1%~2% lidocaine was slowly injected into the glans penis.Next,optical urethrotomy was performed immediately with a cold-cutting knife.According to pain scale,the effect of this anesthetic technique was assessed by questionnaire.Results:Internal urethrotomy was successfully completed in all the patients.All patients had no pain or discomfort.All the minor procedures varying from 15 to 45 minutes in duration were successfully completed under the new local anesthesia without any additional IV sedation.The anesthesia was very satisfactory without any complications.Conclusions:Under intracorpus spongiosum anesthesia,optical urethrotomy can be routinely performed in an outpatient setting.With this new local anesthesia,internal urethrotomy is a safe,effective,simple,and inexpensive procedure for treatment of anterior urethral stricture.

Treatment of ureteropelvic junction stricture by anderson hynes pyeloplasty and double J tube internal drainage / 重庆医科大学学报

Objectives:To evaluate the operative treatment for ureteropelvic junction(UPJ)stricture.Methods:A total of 58 cases of UPJ stricture had double-J tubes placed intraoperatively during Anderson-Hynes pyeloplasty.Urethral catheterization was maintained for 5~7 day,and the double-J tube was removed on cystoscopy 4 to 8 weeks after operation.The outcome was evaluated with ultrasonography or intravenous urography in 3 to 12 months postoperatively.Results:Success rate of management was 100%,stricture was relieved successfully in all patients,and hydronephrosis improved.Only 5 cases had complication in the near future.During follow-up of 6 months to 2 years,long-term complications,like stricture of the anastomotic mouth,and worsened kidney hydrocele,were not observed.all patients have been with satisfactory long-term results.Conclusions:Anderson-Hynes pyeloplasty was an effective method for the treatment of UPJ stricture.A double-J tubes in the operation could reduce the incidence of anastomotic mouth stricture and promote the success rate of operation.

The significance of anti-intrarenal artery spasm in renal allografts with unknown ischemia / 重庆医科大学学报

Objective:To explore the application value of anti-intrarenal artery spasm(IRAS) in renal allografts with unknown ischemia during kidney transplantation. Methods:1. Hot compression:45℃ normal saline gauze was compressed over the grafted kidney and the renal surface was gently rubbed with the fingers;2. Vasodilator:Anisodamine hydrochloride(10～20mg) was injected rapidly into the renal artery. The injection could be repeated one or two times if the blood perfusion of the graft improved;3. Blockage:The adventitia of the renal artery was blocked with 1% lidocaine;4.Dopamine(20～40mg),papaverine(15～30mg) hydrochloride and 5% glucose in normal saline(500ml) were administered intravenously for three to five days after transplantation. Results:Ischemia disappeared in 8 cases with unknown ischemia reason and the cause was confirmed to be IRAS. Serum creatinine in 8 cases gradually decreased to the normal level on the third to the fifth postoperative days. Conclusion:Anti-IRAS is essential for those with unknown renal ischemia during kidney transplantation,especially for the diagnosis and treatment of IRAS.

Expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in human transitional cell carcinoma of bladder and its clinical significance / 重庆医科大学学报

Objective:To explore the expression and significance of cyclooxygenase-2 in human transitional cell carcinoma of bladder.Methods:A total of 42 samples of paraffin-embedded TCC tissue and 8 normal bladder sample were stained by SP immunohistochemical method with specific anti COX-2 antibody.The correlation between the positive expression rates and grades of tumor was analyzed.RT-PCR studied the expression of COX-2 in bladder carcinoma tissue.Results:Expression rate of COX-2 protein was significantly correlated to the tumor grades and their invasiveness.Expression rate of COX-2 protein in TCC was 61.9%,statistically higher than those in the normal samples(P

The killing effects of ganciclovir on HyTK gene-transduced murine bladder cancer cell line T739 cells in vitro / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To investigate the effects of the HyTK gene transduction on murine bladder carcinoma cells in vitro . Methods The retroviral vector plasmid PL(HyTK)SN was transfected into packaging cell line PA317 using the liposome method. The obtained recombinant retroviral supernatant fluid was used to infect murine bladder cancer cell line T739 cells. B resistant colonies, named as T739 TK, were obtained after hygromycin B selection. The integration and expression of HyTK gene in T739 TK cells were identified by RT PCR. The in vitro killing effects of GCV on T739 TK cells were observed. Results RT PCR showed that HyTK gene was inserted into T739 cells successfully and there was mRNA expression of HyTK gene. In vitro , T739 TK cells expressed the killing effects after treatment with GCV of different concentrations. However, T739 cells grew well at different doses of GCV. Conclusion GCV has obvious killing effect on HyTK gene transfected T739 cells in vitro .

Bystander effect induced by suicide gene on mouse bladder cancer / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To determine the bystander effect of therapy with herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase ( HSVtk ) gene combined with ganciclovir (GCV) on mouse bladder cancer. Methods Mouse bladder cancer cell line (T739) was transfected with retroviral vector HSVtk gene. The sensitivity of T739TK cells to GCV was detected in vitro . Bystander effect in vitro in co cultured mixtures of T739TK and T739 cells at different ratios or at the same ratio in culture bottles of different size was determined. In the mouse model of bladder tumor, mixtures of T739 and T739TK cells were implanted beneath the peritonea of syngeneic mice. When tumors grew to the size of 0 5-0 8 cm, intraperitoneal administration of GCV was carried out for 6 d. Changes of tumor size and survival rate of mice were observed. Results T739 cells retrovirally transfected with the HSVtk gene became sensitive to low concentrations of GCV. Analysis by RT PCR confirmed HSVtk expression in the transfected T739TK cells. An absolute bystander effect was observed in the mixed culture of cells in vitro when the HSVtk gene transferred cells were at the ratio of above 10%. The tumor growth in the animal model was significantly inhibited by GCV, demonstrating the existence of bystander effect in vivo . The survival time of mice was prolonged after administration of GCV. Conclusion The in vitro and in vivo bystander effects exist in mouse bladder cancer transfected with HSVtk gene, enhancing the role of HSVtk /GCV system for the treatment of bladder carcinoma.

CD_(25) Expression in Peripheral Blood T Lymphocytes from Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B and Its Significance / 中华医院感染学杂志

OBJECTIVE To investigate CD25 expression in peripheral blood T lymphocytes from patients with chronic hepatitis B,and explore its significance in the pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis B.METHODS To detect CD25 expression in peripheral blood T lymphocytes of patients with chronic hepatitis B by means of flow cytometry.CD25 expression was observed in chronic hepatitis B patients.In the meantime,CD25 expression in T cells from severe chronic hepatitis or acute hepatitis B patients and asymptomatic carriers of HBV was also observed.RESULTS Varying degrees of CD25 were expressed in T cells from hepatitis B patients.The expression in CD3+ T and CD8+T cells was higher than that in CD4+T cells.CD25 expression in CD4+T was lower.The average of CD25 expression in CD3+T cells from patients with chronic hepatitis B,acute hepatitis B,and chronic severe hepatitis B and asymptomatic carriers of HBV was(2.92?0.13)%,(0.51?0.36)%,(1.60?0.07)%,and(0.95?0.23)%,respectively.The average of CD25 expression in CD4+T cells from patients with chronic hepatitis B,acute hepatitis B and chronic severe hepatitis B and asymptomatic carriers of HBV was(2.58?0.50)%,(0.34?0.07)%,(1.45?0.02)%,and(0.83?0.13)%,respectively.CD3+T and CD4+T CD25 expression in patients with chronic hepatitis and,severe chronic hepatitis B was increased compared with that of acute hepatitis B patients and asymptomatic carriers of HBV.Compared with chronic severe hepatitis B,the expression of chronic hepatitis B was higher.CONCLUSIONS CD4+ CD25+T cells in chronic hepatitis B virus infection are increased compared with acute hepatitis,CD4+ CD25+T cells may be related to immune tolerance.