[Association between early parenteral nutrition and the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants]. / æ—©æœŸè‚ å¤–è¥å »ä¸Žæ—©äº§å„¿æ”¯æ°”ç®¡è‚ºå‘è‚²ä¸è‰¯å‘ç”Ÿçš„å ³ç³».

OBJECTIVES: To study the relationship between early parenteral nutrient intake and the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants with gestational age less than 32 weeks who could not receive enteral nutrition within one week after birth. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on preterm infants born between October 2017 and August 2022 with gestational age less than 32 weeks who were admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in Children's Hospital of Soochow University within 24 hours after birth and relied solely on parenteral nutrition within the first week of life. The study population included 79 infants with BPD and 73 infants without BPD. Clinical data during hospitalization were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The proportions of infants with weight loss of more than 10% after birth, extrauterine growth retardation, and parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis in the BPD group were higher than in the non-BPD group (P<0.05). The time to regain birth weight, time to achieve full enteral feeding, and corrected gestational age at discharge were longer in the BPD group than in the non-BPD group. The Z-scores of physical growth at corrected gestational age of 36 weeks were lower in the BPD group than in the non-BPD group (P<0.05). The BPD group had a higher fluid intake and a lower calories intake in the first week than the non-BPD group (P<0.05). The starting dose and total amount of amino acids, glucose, and lipids in the first week were lower in the BPD group than in the non-BPD group (P<0.05). The BPD group had a higher glucose-to-lipid ratio on the third day and higher energy-to-nitrogen and glucose-to-lipid ratios on the seventh day after birth than the non-BPD group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Preterm infants with BPD had lower intake of amino acids and lipids and a lower proportion of calories provided by amino acids and lipids in the first week of life, which suggests an association between early parenteral nutrition intake and the development of BPD.

[Effect of Qianlean Pill on IL-1ß, IL-10, and TNF-α in Prostate Tissues of Chronic Nonbacterial Prostatitis Rats].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of Qianliean Pill (QP) on inflammatory factors such as IL-1ß, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in chronic nonbacterial prostatitis (CNP) model rats, and to explore its therapeutic mechanism. METHODS: CNP rat model was established by castration and estradiol benzoate injection. Totally 50 rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, i.e., the model group, the positive medicine group, the high dose QP group, the medium dose QP group, and the low dose QP group, 10 in each group. Besides, 10 normal rats were recruited as a normal control group. Since the 8th day of castration, Pulean Tablet (PT) at 10. 80 g/kg was administered to rats in the positive medicine group by gastrogavage. QP at 11.00, 5.50, and 2.75 g/kg was administered to rats in high, medium, and low dose QP groups by gastrogavage. Distilled water at 2 mL/100 g was administered to rats in the model group and the normal control group by gastrogavage, once daily for 30 successive days. After 30 days of medication all rats were sacrificed and their prostate tissues were extracted. The prostatic index was calculated. Pathological changes of rat prostate were observed under light microscope. Meanwhile, levels of IL-1ß, IL-10, and TNF-α were detected using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: Compared with the normal control group, the prostate index obviously decreased, levels of IL-1ß, TNF-α, and IL-10 in the prostate tissue significantly increased in the model group (P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, the prostate index obviously decreased in high and medium dose QP groups, and the positive medicine group (P < 0.01); levels of IL-1ß, TNF-α, and IL-10 obviously decreased in each QP group and the positive medicine group (P < 0.01). Compared with the positive medicine group, the TNF-α level decreased more obviously in the high dose QP group (P < 0.05). Compared with the normal control group, inflammatory reactions occurred obviously in rats' prostate of the model group. Compared with the model group, inflammatory reactions were milder in rats' prostate of each QP group and the positive medicine group, and their degrees were improved to some extent. CONCLUSION: QP could treat CNP, which might be achieved by regulating local immune state of the prostate, relieving inflammatory reactions of the prostate, and lowering levels of IL-ß, TNF-α, and IL-10 in the prostate tissue.

Analysis of quality of life in patients after transgastric natural orifice transluminal endoscopic gallbladder-preserving surgery.

BACKGROUND: At present, laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is the main surgical treatment for gallstones. But, after gallbladder removal, there are many complications. Therefore, it is hoped to remove stones while preserving the function of the gallbladder, and with the development of endoscopic technology, natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery came into being. AIM: To compare the quality of life, perioperative indicators, adverse events after LC and transgastric natural orifice transluminal endoscopic gallbladder-preserving surgery (EGPS) in patients with gallstones. METHODS: Patients who were admitted to The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from 2020 to 2022 were retrospectively collected. We adopted propensity score matching (1:1) to compare EGPS and LC patients. RESULTS: A total of 662 cases were collected, of which 589 cases underwent LC, and 73 cases underwent EGPS. Propensity score matching was performed, and 40 patients were included in each of the groups. In the EGPS group, except the gastrointestinal defecation (P = 0.603), the total score, physical well-being, mental well-being, and gastrointestinal digestion were statistically significant compared with the preoperative score after surgery (P < 0.05). In the LC group, except the mental well-being, the total score, physical well-being, gastrointestinal digestion, the gastrointestinal defecation was statistically significant compared with the preoperative score after surgery (P < 0.05). When comparing between groups, gastrointestinal defecation had significantly difference (P = 0.002) between the two groups, there was no statistically significant difference in the total postoperative score and the other three subscales. In the surgery duration, hospital stay and cost, LC group were lower than EGPS group. The recurrence factors of gallstones after EGPS were analyzed: and recurrence was not correlated with gender, age, body mass index, number of stones, and preoperative score. CONCLUSION: Whether EGPS or LC, it can improve the patient's symptoms, and the EGPS has less impact on the patient's defecation. It needed to, prospective, multicenter, long-term follow-up, large-sample related studies to prove.

Association between early parenteral nutrition and the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To study the relationship between early parenteral nutrient intake and the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants with gestational age less than 32 weeks who could not receive enteral nutrition within one week after birth.@*METHODS@#A retrospective study was conducted on preterm infants born between October 2017 and August 2022 with gestational age less than 32 weeks who were admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in Children's Hospital of Soochow University within 24 hours after birth and relied solely on parenteral nutrition within the first week of life. The study population included 79 infants with BPD and 73 infants without BPD. Clinical data during hospitalization were compared between the two groups.@*RESULTS@#The proportions of infants with weight loss of more than 10% after birth, extrauterine growth retardation, and parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis in the BPD group were higher than in the non-BPD group (P<0.05). The time to regain birth weight, time to achieve full enteral feeding, and corrected gestational age at discharge were longer in the BPD group than in the non-BPD group. The Z-scores of physical growth at corrected gestational age of 36 weeks were lower in the BPD group than in the non-BPD group (P<0.05). The BPD group had a higher fluid intake and a lower calories intake in the first week than the non-BPD group (P<0.05). The starting dose and total amount of amino acids, glucose, and lipids in the first week were lower in the BPD group than in the non-BPD group (P<0.05). The BPD group had a higher glucose-to-lipid ratio on the third day and higher energy-to-nitrogen and glucose-to-lipid ratios on the seventh day after birth than the non-BPD group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Preterm infants with BPD had lower intake of amino acids and lipids and a lower proportion of calories provided by amino acids and lipids in the first week of life, which suggests an association between early parenteral nutrition intake and the development of BPD.

Erratum: Nuclear factor-κB signaling negatively regulates high glucose-induced vascular endothelial cell damage downstream of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathway.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4999.].

Anti-pyroptosis effect of Albiziae Cortex-Tribuli Fructus combination on hepatic stellate cell line LX2: based on network pharmacology / 中国中药杂志

Based on network pharmacology, molecular docking, and in vitro experimental verification, this study aims to explore the effect of Albiziae Cortex-Tribuli Fructus combination on HSC-LX2 pyroptosis. Specifically, the targets of Albiziae Cortex, Tribuli Fructus, and hepatic fibrosis were retrieved from an online database and CNKI, and "drug-component-target" network and "drug-component-target-disease" network were constructed. Protein-protein interaction(PPI) network was established based on STRING. Metascape was employed for Gene Ontology(GO) term enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) pathway enrichment, and the mechanism of Albiziae Cortex-Tribuli Fructus combination against liver fibrosis was predicted. Molecular docking was used to verify some of the results of network pharmacology, and in vitro experiment was carried out to further verify the above conclusions. According to the results of network pharmacological analysis, 25 active components and 439 targets of Albiziae Cortex-Tribuli Fructus combination and 152 anti-liver fibrosis targets were screened out, including nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain and leucine-rich-repeat-and pyrin-domain-containing 3(NLRP3) and caspase-1. The key targets were involved in 194 KEGG pathways in which the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway topped. The binding common targets were related to pyroptosis. The results of in vitro experiment showed that the pair-containing serum reduced the proliferation rate of HSC-LX2 and the content of reactive oxygen species(ROS), interleukin-18(IL-18), and interleukin-1β(IL-1β)(P<0.05). Western blot and qRT-PCR suggested that the protein and gene expression of NLRP3, caspase-1, α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA), and gasdermin D(GSDMD) in HSC-LX2 increased after AngⅡ stimulation, and the expression decreased after the intervention of pair-containing serum(P<0.05). In summary, the pair-containing serum can inhibit the classic pathway of pyroptosis, which may be the anti-liver fibrosis mechanism. This is consistent with the predicted results of network pharmacology.

Selective Deposition of Multiple Sensing Materials on Si Nanobelt Devices through Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition and Device-Localized Joule Heating.

This paper describes a novel method, using device-localized Joule heating (JH) in a plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD) system, for the selective deposition of platinum (Pt) and zinc oxide (ZnO) in the n- regions of n+/n-/n+ polysilicon nanobelts (SNBs). COMSOL simulations were adopted to estimate device temperature distribution. However, during ALD process, the resistance of SNB device decreased gradually and reached to minima after 20 min JH. As a result, thermal decomposition of precursors occurred during PEALD process. Selective deposition in the n- region was dominated by CVD instead of ALD. Selective deposition of Pt and ZnO films has been achieved and characterized using atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy.

Nuclear factor-κB signaling negatively regulates high glucose-induced vascular endothelial cell damage downstream of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathway.

Diabetes mellitus (DM)-induced high blood sugar severely damages vascular endothelial cells (VECs), which are in direct contact with the blood. Diabetic complications cause difficulties in skin wound healing and VECs are important for this process. Previous studies demonstrated that high blood sugar delayed the repair of wounded VECs, but the underlying mechanism has remained elusive. To explore the effects of diabetic conditions on VEC damage, cells were incubated in a medium with high glucose and then subjected to RNA-sequencing based transcriptome analysis. The results revealed that numerous biological processes were altered by HG stress, including extracellular matrix-receptor interaction, NOD-like receptor signaling and the nuclear factor (NF)-κB pathway. HG treatment increased the levels of phosphorylated inhibitor of NF-κB (IκB-α), the key NF-κB signaling regulator as well as the transcripts of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and interleukin-8, two inflammatory response markers. Treatment with extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)- and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)-specific inhibitors U0126 and sp600125, respectively, led to the activation of IκB-α; however, the inhibitor of IκBα phosphorylation Bay11-7082 did not affect ERK and JNK activity, suggesting that ERK/JNK signaling occurs upstream of NF-κB in VECs. The present study provided useful information regarding the effects of diabetes on VECs, which may provide approaches for therapies of diabetes-associated complications in the future.

Current status of health literacy among residents in Yixing City in 2017 / 上海预防医学

Objective To ascertain the health literacy level and its influencing factors of Yixing residents, to find out regional characteristics and weak links in this regard, and to exercise the data analysis and processing capabilities of grassroots health education staff. Methods Multi-stage stratified cluster sampling methods were used to investigate 640 residents of 15-69 years old with the national residents' health literacy questionnaire.The results were analyzed by general description and chi-square test. Results In 2017, the health literacy level of residents in Yixing City was 20.36%.Of the three dimensions, the level of healthy lifestyle and behavior was the highest, while the level of basic knowledge and philosophy the lowest; the highest level of the 6 health problems was safety and first aid, and the lowest level was basic medical care, followed by chronic disease prevention.The factors affecting residents' health literacy were region, age and education level. Conclusion There is still space for improvement in the health literacy level of residents in Yixing City.It is necessary to intervene in groups with different characteristics in this regard.The whole society should work together to create a healthy cultural environment, continuously improving the health literacy of residents.

Current status of health literacy among residents in Yixing City in 2017 / 上海预防医学

Objective To ascertain the health literacy level and its influencing factors of Yixing residents, to find out regional characteristics and weak links in this regard, and to exercise the data analysis and processing capabilities of grassroots health education staff. Methods Multi-stage stratified cluster sampling methods were used to investigate 640 residents of 15-69 years old with the national residents' health literacy questionnaire.The results were analyzed by general description and chi-square test. Results In 2017, the health literacy level of residents in Yixing City was 20.36%.Of the three dimensions, the level of healthy lifestyle and behavior was the highest, while the level of basic knowledge and philosophy the lowest; the highest level of the 6 health problems was safety and first aid, and the lowest level was basic medical care, followed by chronic disease prevention.The factors affecting residents' health literacy were region, age and education level. Conclusion There is still space for improvement in the health literacy level of residents in Yixing City.It is necessary to intervene in groups with different characteristics in this regard.The whole society should work together to create a healthy cultural environment, continuously improving the health literacy of residents.

Prescription Law of New Coronavirus Pneumonia in Different Stages / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To study the clinical medication regulation for the prevention and treatment of new coronavirus pneumonia with traditional Chinese medicine（TCM），especially prescriptions，on the basis of "treatment in accordance with seasonal conditions". Method:The guidelines and suggestions on novel coronavirus pneumonia formulated and published by national，provincial and municipal governments and experts before February 17，2020, were retrieved and summarized. Data was recorded in stages according to "prevention period，clinical observation period，pre-clinical period，middle clinical period，late clinical period and recovery period". The frequency analysis of TCM and its efficacy，prescription and proprietary Chinese medicine was carried out，and then the factor analysis and cluster analysis of TCM were carried out to obtain rational drug combinations. Result:Totally 172 suggestions on combined structure of drugs，50 suggestions on prescriptions and 31 suggestions on proprietary Chinese medicine were involved in the study，and provided by 24 official agencies and 24 medical experts， 147 kinds of herbs，44 prescriptions and 16 proprietary Chinese medicines were collected. No matter for the drug category or for the specific drug selection，the law of drug use in different stages was not the same. Huoxiang Zhengqi capsule，Shufeng Jiedu capsule，Lianhua Qingwen capsule and Jinhua Qinggan capsule can be used in the observation period. Xuanbai Chengqitang can be used in the middle of the disease. Angong Niuhuangwan，Suhexiangwan or Zixuedan, and Angong Niuhuangwan can be selected in the middle of the disease. And Qingfei Paidu decoction can be used in all stages of the disease. Conclusion:Doctors need to adjust their prescriptions along with the progress of the disease，because the law of medication in each stage of the new coronavirus pneumonia is different.

Effects of dendritic cell-based adoptive immunotherapy with over-expressed SOCS1 on Th17- and Treg-related cytokines in the BALF of COPD mice / 医学研究生学报

Objective　Dendritic cells (DCs), helper T cells 17 (Th17) and regulatory T cells (Treg) are closely related to the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study aimed to investigate the changes of Th17- and Treg-related cytokines in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of COPD mice after DC-based adoptive immunotherapy with over-expressed suppressor of cytokine signaling protein 1 (SOCS1) and provide some new ideas for the treatment of COPD.　Methods　A total of 48 male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 5 groups: healthy control, COPD model control, immature DC (imDC), DC-SOCS1 1×106, and DC-SOCS1 2×106. The healthy controls were exposed to air and fed normally, the COPD model controls injected with normal saline at 0.5 mL/ on the first day of modeling by fumigation, the mice of the imDC group injected via the tail vein with 1 ×106 imDCs, and those of the DC-SOCS1 groups injected with 1 ×106 or 2 ×106 DCs with over expressed SOCS1, all via the tail vein on the 1st and 7th day of modeling. Then the lung tissues were collected from the mice for preparation of paraffin sections and HE staining, and ELISA was employed for determination of the levels of Th17-related IL-17 and IL-23 and Treg-related IL-10 and TGF-β in the BALF of the model mice.　Results　Compared with the COPD model controls, the mice in the imDC, DC-SOCS1 1×106 and DC-SOCS1 2×106 groups showed significantly decreased levels of IL-17 on the 1st day ([78.87 ± 1.08] vs [46.46 ± 0.77], [34.09 ± 3.98] and [24.12 ± 0.57] pg/mL, P < 0.05) and 7th day after modeling ([78.87 ± 1.08] vs [55.69 ±0.35], [35.65 ± 0.54] and [27.00 ± 0.58] pg/mL, P < 0.05), and IL-23 on the 1st day ([200.62 ± 0.65] vs [150.19 ± 0.53], [121.09 ± 0. 53] and [70.21 ± 0.91] pg/mL, P < 0.05) and 7th day ([200.62 ± 0.65] vs [167.70 ± 1.73], [136.34 ± 0.90] and [99.35 ± 1.83] pg/mL, P < 0.05), but remarkably increased levels of IL-10 on the 1st day ([39.46 ± 3.88] vs [50.74 ± 1.77], [58.71 ± 3.84] and [70.12 ± 2.62] pg/mL, P < 0.05) and 7th day ([39.46 ± 3.88] vs [44.56 ± 2.63], [54.78 ± 1.43] and [63.00 ± 2.57] pg/mL, P < 0.05), TGF-β on the 1st day ([24.98 ± 0.43] vs [36.46 ± 0.98], [42.40 ± 0.62] and [50.55 ± 0.53] pg/mL, P < 0.05) and 7th day ([24.98 ± 0.43] vs [33.27 ± 0.92], [40.12 ± 0.83] and [44.98 ± 0.52] pg/mL, P < 0.05). The contents of IL-17 and IL-23 were markedly lower while those of IL-10 and TGF-β higher in the DC-SOCS1 1×106 than in the imDC group (P < 0.05), and the levels of the former two significantly higher and those of the latter two lower in the DC-SOCS1 2×106 than in the DC-SOCS1 1×106 group (P < 0.05).　Conclusion　Transfusion of DCs with over-expressed SOCS1 can inhibit the secretion of Th17-related cytokines in COPD, and the effect is better than that of imDCs alone and related to the concentration and time.

Zhu's trocar placement in laparoscopic appendectomy in the treatment of complicated appendicitis / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of Zhu's trocar placement (ZTP) in laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) in the treatment of complicated appendicitis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical data of 139 complicated appendicitis patients undergoing LA at the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from June 2013 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. ZTP-LA group comprised 59 cases and its procedure was as follows: 10 mm umbilical trocar was used as lens port; 12 mm trocar at crossing point of umbilical hole horizontal line and right midclavicular line was used as main operating port; 5 mm trocar at the crossing point of horizontal line 0-3 cm below umbilicus and right anterior axillary line was used as assist operating port with the drainage function for Douglas fossa and right iliac fossa; The operator and the assistant stood on the right side and the left side of the patient respectively. Traditional three-port group comprised 80 cases (8 cases converted to laparotomy, 72 cases enrolled finally) and its procedure was as follows: 10 mm lens port below umbilicus; 10-12 mm main operating port at lateral border of left lower rectus abdominis; 5 mm assist operating port above pubis; The operator and the assistant stood on left side of the patient. The operative time, time to oral semi-fluid, postoperative hospital stay, cost during hospitalization, and postoperative morbidity of complication were compared between two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Baseline data such as gender, age, WBC count, percentage of leukocyte, pathological finding and type were not significantly different between two groups(all P>0.05). The conversion rate in ZTP-LA was significantly lower than that in traditional three-port group [0%(0/59) vs. 10.0%(8/80),χ²=4.552,P=0.033]. Compared with traditional three-port group, ZTP-LA group showed shorter operative time [(47.8±20.1) minutes vs. (66.0±27.3) minutes, t=4.383,P<0.001], shorter time to oral semi-fluid [(35.0±20.7) hours vs. (59.3±32.8) hours, t=5.158,P<0.001], shorter postoperative hospital stay [(4.1±1.6) days vs. (5.5±2.2) days, t=4.162, P<0.001], lower postoperative morbidity of complication [3.4% (2/59) vs. 18.1%(13/72), χ²=6.879, P=0.009], lower incidence of postoperative intra-abdominal abscess [0%(0/59) vs. 11.1%(8/72), χ²=5.179, P=0.023], lower incidence of paralytic ileus [1.7%(1/59) vs. 12.5%(9/72), χ²=3.946, P=0.047] and less cost during hospitalization[(13 585±2909) yuan vs.(16 861±5334) yuan, t=4.463, P<0.001].</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>ZTP-LA is safe, feasible and effective with advantages of faster recovery and less cost in the treatment of complicated appendicitis.</p>

Factors Associated with Self-reported Two-week Morbidity Rates in Jilin Province During 2008-2013 / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To examine the two-week morbidity rates and the associated factors among the residents of Jilin province and to learn the health services needs among residents before and after new health care reform and provide basis for the establishment of health planning. Methods We used the data from the National Health Services Survey of Jilin from 2008 to 2013,with a total sample size of 29 495. Descriptive analyses were performed to analyze two-week morbidity rates,and Logistic regression was employed to explore the associated factors. Results From 2008 to 2013,the two-week morbidity rate increased from 9.2% to 25.7% (P<0.001). In 2013 and 2008,the two-week morbidities of onset had significantly different compositions (<inline-formula><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="Mml2-1000-503X-39-2-247"><mml:mtable frame="none" columnlines="none" rowlines="none"><mml:mtr><mml:mtd><mml:maligngroup/><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>χ</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:mtd></mml:mtr></mml:mtable></mml:math></inline-formula>=240.86,P<0.001). Chronic conditions continuing to two weeks accounted for 80.4% in the onset time of two weeks in 2013. Hypertension,diabetes,and other chronic diseases had become the leading disorders. The influential factors of the two-week morbidity in 2008 were residency (OR=0.97,95% CI=0.64-0.93),age (OR=2.29,95% CI=1.46-3.60),marital status (OR=2.05,95% CI=1.28-3.27),and chronic diseases (OR=15.02,95% CI=12.93-17.43).The influential factors of the two-week morbidity in 2013 were age (OR=4.79,95% CI=3.01-7.63),chronic diseases (OR=60.14,95% CI=53.03-68.21),and medical insurance coverage (OR=1.33,95% CI=1.03-1.74). Conclusion The needs for health care services have dramatically increased after new health care reform among residents of Jilin province. Chronic diseases have become the major health concerns.

Effect of Qianlean Pill on IL-1β, IL-10, and TNF-α in Prostate Tissues of Chronic Nonbacterial Prostatitis Rats / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of Qianliean Pill (QP) on inflammatory factors such as IL-1β, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in chronic nonbacterial prostatitis (CNP) model rats, and to explore its therapeutic mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>CNP rat model was established by castration and estradiol benzoate injection. Totally 50 rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, i.e., the model group, the positive medicine group, the high dose QP group, the medium dose QP group, and the low dose QP group, 10 in each group. Besides, 10 normal rats were recruited as a normal control group. Since the 8th day of castration, Pulean Tablet (PT) at 10. 80 g/kg was administered to rats in the positive medicine group by gastrogavage. QP at 11.00, 5.50, and 2.75 g/kg was administered to rats in high, medium, and low dose QP groups by gastrogavage. Distilled water at 2 mL/100 g was administered to rats in the model group and the normal control group by gastrogavage, once daily for 30 successive days. After 30 days of medication all rats were sacrificed and their prostate tissues were extracted. The prostatic index was calculated. Pathological changes of rat prostate were observed under light microscope. Meanwhile, levels of IL-1β, IL-10, and TNF-α were detected using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the normal control group, the prostate index obviously decreased, levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-10 in the prostate tissue significantly increased in the model group (P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, the prostate index obviously decreased in high and medium dose QP groups, and the positive medicine group (P < 0.01); levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-10 obviously decreased in each QP group and the positive medicine group (P < 0.01). Compared with the positive medicine group, the TNF-α level decreased more obviously in the high dose QP group (P < 0.05). Compared with the normal control group, inflammatory reactions occurred obviously in rats' prostate of the model group. Compared with the model group, inflammatory reactions were milder in rats' prostate of each QP group and the positive medicine group, and their degrees were improved to some extent.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>QP could treat CNP, which might be achieved by regulating local immune state of the prostate, relieving inflammatory reactions of the prostate, and lowering levels of IL-β, TNF-α, and IL-10 in the prostate tissue.</p>

Inhibitory effect of CAI on iNOS expression and NF-κB activation degradation in rat peritoneal macrophages / 基础医学与临床

Objective This study is designed to explore the regulation of carboxyamidotriazole(CAI)on inflammatory factors in vitro and its underlying mechanisms.Methods Peritoneal macrophages were incubated with different concentrations(5～40 μmol/L),and then cell viabilities were evaluated by MTT assay.Cells were pretreated with CAI(5～40 μmol/L),LPS was then added,and celia were incubated for 18 h.NO and TNF-α levels were determined with Griess reagent and ELISA kit,respectively.The iNOS expression and NF-κB activation were detected by Western blot method.Results The rat peritoneal macrophage viability was not affected at the concentrations of CAI used.CAI(5～40 μmol/L)was found to reduce NO(P＜0.01,P＜0.001)and TNF-α production(P＜0.05,P ＜ 0.01)in a dose-dependent manner.CAI was also found to inhibit the LPS-induced expression of iNOS and degradation of IκBα in rat peritoneal macrophages.Conclusion The findings from the present study suggest that CAI has suppressive effect on iNOS expression,and this inhibitory effect was found to be associated with NF-κB inactivation via the blockade of IκBα phosphorylation.

Emotional disorder in patients with acute or stable coronary heart disease / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the incidence of emotional disorder in patients with acute or stable coronary heart disease.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 298 patients with suspected coronary heart disease (CHD) were designed into three groups based on of coronary angiography results: acute coronary syndrome (ACS, n = 128), stable angina pectoris (SAP, n = 108) and non-CHD (n = 62). All patients were evaluated by Zung Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), Zung Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS) and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HRSD) for depression and anxiety before coronary angiography (CAG), 3 days after CAG, and 1 day before discharge.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Incidences of depression and anxiety were significantly higher the ACS group (65.6%and 78.9% before CAG; 60.9% and 70.3% 3 days post CAG; 45.3%and 64.8% before discharge) compared patients with SAP (18.5% and 26.9% before CAG; 17.6% and 28.7% 3 days post CAG; 15.7% and 26.9% before discharge, all P < 0.05 vs. ACS) and non-CHD patients (32.3% and 25.8% before CAG; 27.4% and 24.2% 3 days post CAG; 29.0% and 30.6% before discharge, all P < 0.05 vs. ACS) while the depression and anxiety incidences were similar between patients with SAP and non-CHD in this cohort (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Emotional disorder is common in patients with suspected heart diseases, especially in patients with ACS. Psychological distress of patients with suspected heart disease should be evaluated and treated.</p>

Anti-inflammatory and analgesic potency of carboxyamidotriazole, a tumoristatic agent / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the potential anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of carboxyamidotriazole (CAI).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A variety of animal models, including the croton oil-induced ear edema, the cotton-induced granuloma, the rat adjuvant-induced arthritis, were used to evaluate anti-inflammatory effect of CAI. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)--or histamine-stimulated local vascular permeability in mouse modulated by CAI was also determined. In addition, we assessed the effect of CAI on the levels of proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-beta) at the site of inflammation and in sera. Moreover, antinociceptive effect of CAI on inflammatory pain was assessed using acetic acid-induced writhing model and the formalin test.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>CAI significantly inhibited acute and chronic phases of inflammation, reduced VEGF or histamine-induced vascular permeability, and showed marked inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta. CAI also showed potential therapeutic effect on peripheral inflammatory pain.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CAI is a promising anti-inflammatory and analgesic agent.</p>

Repaired ulnar nerve and effect on its innervating muscles in rat / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the morphological changes of the rat claw inner skeletal muscle after ulnar nerve injury at different sections and different recovery times.@*METHODS@#Forty-two adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were selected and placed randomly in seven groups. After establishing model of injury and repair of claw inner skeletal muscle by cutting off the ulnar nerve, the muscle wet weight, cross section area of myocytes, and collagen fibers were measured.@*RESULTS@#Claw inner skeletal muscle atrophy was significantly less in experiment groups compared with the control groups after ulnar nerve injuries. The functional recovery was better in the early repair groups than the late repair group. Collagen fibers increased slowly in earlier stage, but more significantly in late stage. The muscle atrophy was similar in wrist and elbow after ulnar nerve injury during the same recovery period.@*CONCLUSION@#The function can recover completely or partly in early repair groups, but not quite effective in late stage. The increase of collagen fiber is one of the reasons to undermine the recovery effect of damaged ulnar nerve. There is no obvious difference of effect on the morphological changes of the rat claw inner skeletal muscle no matter the ulnar nerve is injured at wrist or elbow.

Anatomy study of MGA in Chinese and its effect on legal expertise / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#This study aimed to clarify the morphology of the Martin-Gruber anastomosis (MGA) in Chinese.@*METHODS@#One hundred and five Chinese upper limbs (36 males and 20 femalese) were dissected to find the connections between medial nerve and ulnar nerve. The MGA was classified as previously described by Lee.@*RESULTS@#MGA was found in 24 cases (22.9%), in 11 of the 36 male and 5 of the 20 female. There was no obvious difference in the frequency of MGA in both upper limbs. Most MGA ulnar position was located at the medial and distal segment of the forearm.@*CONCLUSION@#MGA anatomy could play important role in forensic diagnosis of ulnar nerve injury in Chinese population.