RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Angiogenesis (AG) is essential for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) development. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), encoded by the VEGF gene, and endostatin, the product of the COL18A1 gene, act as a potent promoter and an inhibitor of AG, respectively. In the present study, we tested whether VEGF C936T and COL18A1 D104N polymorphisms alter the risk of EOC. METHODS: Genomic DNA from 131 EOC patients and 137 controls were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism methods. The differences between groups were analyzed by χ (2) or Fisher's exact test and logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The frequency of the VEGF 936CC genotype was higher in patients than in controls (84.8% vs. 75.3%, P = 0.03). Individuals with respective genotypes had a 1.98 (95% CI 1.04-3.78)-fold increased risk of EOC than those with the remaining genotypes. An excess of VEGF 936CC plus COL18A1 DN genotype was seen in patients when compared to controls (48.6% vs. 30.5%); however, only a tendency toward a statistically significant difference in genotype frequencies was found in the study (P = 0.06), reflecting a trend toward an increased risk of 2.44 for EOC in carriers of the combined genotype. CONCLUSION: Our data present, for the first time, preliminary evidence that VEGF C936T alone or combined with the COL18A1 D104N polymorphism of AG constitutes an important inherited EOC determinant.
Assuntos
Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Colágenos Associados a Fibrilas/genética , Neoplasias Ovarianas/genética , Polimorfismo Genético/genética , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/genética , Adenocarcinoma de Células Claras/genética , Adenocarcinoma de Células Claras/patologia , Adenocarcinoma Mucinoso/genética , Adenocarcinoma Mucinoso/patologia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Carcinoma de Células de Transição/genética , Carcinoma de Células de Transição/patologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Cistadenocarcinoma Seroso/genética , Cistadenocarcinoma Seroso/patologia , Neoplasias do Endométrio/genética , Neoplasias do Endométrio/patologia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Gradação de Tumores , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Neoplasias Ovarianas/patologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Polimorfismo de Fragmento de Restrição , Prognóstico , Regiões Promotoras Genéticas , Fatores de Risco , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Hepatocellular carcinoma is a relatively common tumor that etiologically is closely linked to previous hepatitis B infection. Oral metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma is very rare, with only 61 cases reported in the literature. We describe a case of hepatocellular carcinoma metastatic to the anterior mandibular gingivae of a 60-year-old man. The patient also exhibited tumor metastases to the lungs, left knee, little finger of the left hand, scalp, and the skin of the neck. He died 6 months after the diagnosis of the oral metastasis because of systemic tumor dissemination.
Assuntos
Carcinoma Hepatocelular/secundário , Neoplasias Gengivais/secundário , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologia , Neoplasias Ósseas/secundário , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patologia , Evolução Fatal , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/secundário , Masculino , Neoplasias Mandibulares/secundário , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Cutâneas/secundárioRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Exposure of ovarian cells to estrogen, which is detoxified by glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), has been associated with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) development. OBJECTIVES: We tested in this study whether the GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1 Ile105Val polymorphisms alter the risk of EOC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Genomic DNA from 132 EOC patients and 132 controls was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism methods. The differences between groups were analyzed by χ