RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Diarrhea, over the years, has killed millions of people and continues to be a major threat in Bangladesh. OBJECTIVES: To determine the incidence of norovirus infection in infants and young children with acute gastroenteritis in Dhaka City, Bangladesh and to determine the genogroup and genotype in norovirus-positive stool specimens. STUDY DESIGN: Fecal specimens were collected from infants and children with acute gastroenteritis in Dhaka City, Bangladesh from October 2004 to September 2005, and examined for norovirus by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Noroviruses were detected in 41 of 917 fecal specimens. Molecular analysis of norovirus was carried out by sequencing methods. Only norovirus GII/4 strains were detected during this study. The dominant genotype throughout the study period was GII/4. Norovirus infections were most commonly observed in winter and rainy seasons in Dhaka City. The common clinical symptoms in norovirus-infected patients were diarrhea (90%), vomiting (75%) and abdominal pain (46%). CONCLUSIONS: This is the first epidemiological research of norovirus in Bangladesh. Norovirus is an important enteropathogen responsible for viral gastroenteritis among infants and children in Bangladesh.
Assuntos
Infecções por Caliciviridae , Gastroenterite , Norovirus/isolamento & purificação , Bangladesh/epidemiologia , Infecções por Caliciviridae/epidemiologia , Infecções por Caliciviridae/virologia , Criança , Fezes/virologia , Gastroenterite/epidemiologia , Gastroenterite/virologia , Genótipo , Humanos , Lactente , Epidemiologia Molecular , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Norovirus/classificação , Norovirus/genética , Filogenia , RNA Viral/análise , RNA Viral/isolamento & purificação , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Estações do Ano , Análise de Sequência de DNARESUMO
A total of 917 fecal specimens collected from infants and children with acute gastroenteritis in Dhaka City, Bangladesh during 2004-2005 were examined for the presence of adenoviruses by PCR. Adenoviruses were identified in 17 of 917 (1.9%) specimens. Detected adenoviruses were subjected to molecular genetic analysis by sequencing method. Adenoviruses detected in this study were classified into three serotypes, namely Ad9, Ad10 and Ad40. Of these, Ad40 was predominant, followed by Ad9 and accounted for 42% (7 of 17) and 36% (6 of 17), respectively. This is the first report of acute gastroenteritis attributed to Ad9 and Ad10 in Dhaka City, Bangladesh. Another interesting feature of the study was absence of Ad41 serotype. Our results clearly indicated that adenovirus infections were most commonly observed in winter season (October 2004 through January 2005) and in rainy season (May 2005 through July 2005) in Dhaka City. The most common clinical symptoms of adenovirus-infected patients were dehydration (94%), abdominal pain (59%) and vomiting (30%). To our knowledge, this is the first 1-year molecular epidemiological research of adenovirus infection in Bangladesh.
Assuntos
Infecções por Adenoviridae/virologia , Adenovírus Humanos/genética , Gastroenterite/virologia , Epidemiologia Molecular , Doença Aguda , Infecções por Adenoviridae/diagnóstico , Infecções por Adenoviridae/epidemiologia , Adenovírus Humanos/classificação , Adenovírus Humanos/isolamento & purificação , Bangladesh/epidemiologia , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Pré-Escolar , Fezes/virologia , Gastroenterite/epidemiologia , Genoma Viral , Humanos , Lactente , Filogenia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Estações do Ano , Análise de Sequência de DNA , SorotipagemRESUMO
Sapovirus, a member of the family Caliciviridae is one of the major causative agents of viral gastroenteritis affecting all age group. Sapovirus was detected in 25 of 917 stool specimens from infants and children with acute gastroenteritis in a Children Hospital in Dhaka City, Bangladesh during 2004-2005. All fecal specimens were examined for sapovirus by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Molecular analysis of sapovirus was carried out by sequencing methods. Sapovirus detected in this study was clustered into only one distinct genogroup I. Sapovirus GI/1 was predominant, followed by GI/2 and accounted for 92% (23 of 25) and 8% (2 of 25), respectively. The results clearly indicated that sapovirus infections were observed most commonly in the autumn to winter seasons (September to January) in Dhaka City. The common clinical symptoms of sapovirus infected patients were dehydration (88%), vomiting (76%), and abdominal pain (60%). This is the first report of sapovirus in Bangladesh.