[Clinical observation of newborns with infection risk: A safe practice]. / Observación clínica de recién nacidos con factores de riesgo infeccioso, una práctica segura.

INTRODUCTION: Early-onset neonatal sepsis refers to an infection which starts during the first 72hours of birth, and can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Scientific evidence shows that infected infants present with symptoms during the first hours after delivery. There has been a significant decrease in this condition with the implementation of guidelines for its prevention. However, International guidelines still recommend the evaluation of these infants using painful tests. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective cohort study was conducted on all asymptomatic infants born at>35 weeks gestation with one or more risk factors in a single tertiary care centre from 2011 to 2015. They were periodically observed in newborn nursery from admission until discharge looking for signs of infection. RESULTS: Out of the 9,424 babies born during this period, 1425 were included in the study. A total of 53 infants were admitted to the neonatal unit, half of them because of sepsis suspicion. Finally, just 7 were discharged with the diagnosis of sepsis. All these 7 presented with symptoms during their first 72hours of life. No sepsis was reported in asymptomatic infants. CONCLUSIONS: Truly infected infants present with symptoms during their first hours of life. This study supports the observation of infants at risk as a safe practice to detect early-onset sepsis.

Observación clínica de recién nacidos con factores de riesgo infeccioso, una práctica segura / Clinical observation of newborns with infection risk: A safe practice

INTRODUCCIÓN: La sepsis vertical precoz es una causa importante de morbimortalidad neonatal. La evidencia científica apunta a que la mayoría de los recién nacidos infectados presentan clínica en las primeras horas de vida. Tras la aplicación de las medidas para la prevención de sepsis vertical y el descenso en su incidencia, se han propuesto cambios en el manejo de estos niños. No obstante, la realización de exploraciones complementarias dolorosas aún sigue siendo una práctica muy extendida. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio prospectivo realizado entre 2011 y 2015. Se incluyó a todos los recién nacidos con edad gestacional ≥ 35 semanas, asintomáticos al nacimiento que presentaban uno o más factores de riesgo infeccioso. Durante su estancia en maternidad se realiza observación clínica periódica para la detección de síntomas compatibles con infección. RESULTADOS: De los 9.424 recién nacidos en este periodo, 1.425 cumplían los criterios de inclusión del estudio; 53 pacientes precisaron ingreso, la mitad de ellos por sospecha de infección, confirmándose finalmente solo en 7 este diagnóstico. Todos los pacientes presentaron clínica en las primeras 72 h de vida. CONCLUSIONES: Los niños con factores de riesgo infeccioso que desarrollan una infección presentan clínica de forma precoz en las primeras horas tras el nacimiento. Este trabajo apoya la observación clínica estrecha como medida suficiente y segura para la detección de la sepsis neonatal precoz

INTRODUCTION: Early-onset neonatal sepsis refers to an infection which starts during the first 72 hours of birth, and can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Scientific evidence shows that infected infants present with symptoms during the first hours after delivery. There has been a significant decrease in this condition with the implementation of guidelines for its prevention. However, International guidelines still recommend the evaluation of these infants using painful tests. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective cohort study was conducted on all asymptomatic infants born at > 35 weeks gestation with one or more risk factors in a single tertiary care centre from 2011 to 2015. They were periodically observed in newborn nursery from admission until discharge looking for signs of infection. RESULTS: Out of the 9,424 babies born during this period, 1425 were included in the study. A total of 53 infants were admitted to the neonatal unit, half of them because of sepsis suspicion. Finally, just 7 were discharged with the diagnosis of sepsis. All these 7 presented with symptoms during their first 72 hours of life. No sepsis was reported in asymptomatic infants. CONCLUSIONS: Truly infected infants present with symptoms during their first hours of life. This study supports the observation of infants at risk as a safe practice to detect early-onset sepsis

[Severe diseases with prenatal diagnosis]. / Enfermedades graves con diagnóstico prenatal.

The aim of this article is to present the published information until this moment about the survival, long term effects and quality of life of the diseases named by the Bioethics Committee of the Spanish Society of Gynaecologist and Obstetricians (SEGO) as extremely severe and untreatable diseases, subsidiary of a Voluntary Termination of Pregnancy after the 22 weeks of gestational age, according to the Organic Law 2/2010 of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Voluntary Termination of Pregnancy. Health professionals must know the medical aspects, the therapeutics advances and the outcomes of these diseases, and it is a high standard of professional ethics to transmit this information to the progenitors.