RESUMO
Mycoplasma iowae, an occasional pathogen of turkeys, was isolated for the first time from captive grey partridges (Perdix perdix). Clinical signs including respiratory and intestinal disorder were seen in birds of all ages but mainly in those kept housed during rearing. Mortality rates averaged over 20% during the year. Treatment with antibiotics and antiparasitic drugs produced only a transient improvement in condition. The gross pathology findings included poor body growth, lack of development of the breast muscles, abnormalities in the keel development, and bone fragility. Some birds showed infraorbital sinusitis with serous or fibrinous exudates and catarrhal tracheitis, while others presented serofibrinous airsacculitis and splenomegaly. Laboratory investigations revealed pure cultures of M. iowae in the gut as well as sinus and air sacs. While other organisms such as coccidia, Trichomonas, Escherichia coli, Clostridium perfringens, and Aspergillus spp. were detected, the similarity of the disease with that seen in turkeys infected with M. iowae strongly suggests that this mycoplasma may be the primary pathogen here. The presence of M. iowae in game birds commonly released into the wild could have serious implications particularly in areas where industrial poultry farms are concentrated.
Assuntos
Galliformes , Infecções por Mycoplasma/veterinária , Mycoplasma iowae/isolamento & purificação , Doenças das Aves Domésticas/patologia , Animais , Eletroforese em Gel de Gradiente Desnaturante/veterinária , Técnica Indireta de Fluorescência para Anticorpo/veterinária , Itália/epidemiologia , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Infecções por Mycoplasma/microbiologia , Infecções por Mycoplasma/mortalidade , Infecções por Mycoplasma/patologia , Mycoplasma iowae/genética , Mycoplasma iowae/metabolismo , Pneumonia/microbiologia , Pneumonia/mortalidade , Pneumonia/patologia , Pneumonia/veterinária , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/veterinária , Doenças das Aves Domésticas/microbiologia , Doenças das Aves Domésticas/mortalidade , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , RNA Ribossômico 16S/metabolismo , Análise de Sequência de DNA/veterinária , Traqueíte/microbiologia , Traqueíte/mortalidade , Traqueíte/patologia , Traqueíte/veterináriaRESUMO
The paper reports preliminary results of a study in order to verify that saliva is a bio-fluid sensitive to metabolite variations due to stress and fatigue in soccer athletes, and possibly, to identify potential markers of test of performance. Saliva samples of fourteen professional soccer players were collected before and after the stressful physical activity of the level 1 Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test and, also, physiological parameters were evaluated. The NMR spectra of saliva offer a metabolites profiling which was analyzed by Principal Component Analysis as a blind test. The results of NMR pre and post test shows that it was possible to cluster the best and the worst performing athletes and that the role of the actual player may be diagnosed by a different cluster of metabolites profile. Thus saliva can be considered a biofluid metabolically sensitive to the induced physical stress and, in the future, deeper investigated to monitor the performances in athletes.