Delaying surgery to perform CT scans for suspected appendicitis decreases the rate of negative appendectomies without increasing the rate of perforation nor postoperative complications.

PURPOSE: Negative appendectomies are costly and are embedded with unnecessary risks for the patients. A careful indication for surgery seems mandatory even more so, since conservative therapy emerges as a potential alternative to surgery. The aims of this population-based study were to analyze whether radiological examinations for suspected appendicitis decreased the rate of negative appendectomies without increasing the rate of perforation or worsening postoperative outcomes. METHOD: This study is a retrospective analysis of a prospective population-based database. The data collection included preoperative investigations and intraoperative and postoperative outcomes. RESULTS: Based on 2559 patients, the rate of negative appendectomies decreased significantly with the use of CT scan as compared to clinical evaluation only (9.3 vs 5 %, p = 0.019), whereas ultrasonography alone was not able to decrease this rate (9.3 vs 6.2 %, p = 0.074). Delaying surgery for radiological investigation did not increase the rate of perforation (18.1 vs 19.2 %; adjusted odds ratio (OR) 1.01; 0.8-1.3; p = 0.899). Postoperative complications (surgical reintervention, postoperative wound infection, postoperative hematoma, postoperative intra-abdominal abscess, postoperative ileus) were all comparable. CONCLUSION: In this population-based study, CT scan was the only radiological modality that significantly reduced the rate of negative appendectomy. The delay induced by such additional imaging did not increase perforation nor complication rates. Abdominal CT scans for suspected appendicitis should therefore be more frequently used if clinical findings are unconclusive.

Recurrent complex incisional hernia repair by enhanced-view totally extraperitoneal (eTEP) technique.

OBJECTIVE: Treatment of large recurrent abdominal wall hernias remains a surgical challenge. The enhanced-view totally extraperitoneal (eTEP) approach is an emerging technique used to treat hernias with minimally invasive procedure. This article illustrates a step-by-step eTEP approach, used in a complex recurrent hernia repair. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A 56-years-old male had a previous epigastric hernia repair with an intraperitoneal onlay mesh (IPOM) technique in 2018. Six months later, he presented a recurrent epigastric protrusion and a new painful ombilical hernia, objectified on the CT-scan. RESULTS: Four suprapubic trocars were used to dissect the preperitoneal space below the arcuate line and the retromuscular spaces on both sides. On the mid-line, posterior fascia was divided and both hernia sacs were fully dissected. Both anterior and posterior sheats were closed with self-locking non-absorbable threads before placing a Polypropylene self-gripping mesh. The follow-up was uneventful, and the patient was discharged on day 2. CONCLUSIONS: This case report illustrates that eTEP technique can be used safely and effectively to treat complex recurrent ventral hernias even with a mesh already in place. The potential advantages of the eTEP procedure are multiple, such as improving mobility and esthetic results, reducing pain and shorting hospital length of stay.

Recruiting new neurons from the subventricular zone to the rat postnatal cortex: an organotypic slice culture model.

The neurogenic subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricle is a potential source for neuronal replacement in the postnatal or adult neocortex after injury. Here we present a novel model system to directly explore the cellular mechanisms of this process. In order to visualize directed migration from the SVZ towards the cortex, we transplanted green fluorescent protein-labeled progenitor/stem cells into the SVZ of newborn rats. At 2 days after transplantation, we generated organotypic slice cultures and applied fluorescent time-lapse imaging to explore directly the migration and integration of donor cells into the host tissue for up to 2 weeks. Our studies revealed that subventricular grafts provide a significant number of immature neurons to neocortical regions. In the cortex, immature neurons first migrate radially towards the pial surface and then differentiate into GABAergic interneurons. We conclude that our model system presents a novel and effective experimental paradigm to evaluate the recruitment of SVZ-derived neurons into the postnatal cortex, a phenomenon that may represent a potential route for cortical repair.

Spontaneous non-traumatic splenic artery aneurysm rupture: a case report and review of the literature.

The current case report is about spontaneous non-traumatic rupture of a splenic artery aneurysm (SAA) in a 53-year-old woman with no particular medical history. An emergent laparotomy with splenectomy was required, unfortunately without success as the patient died. SAA is the most common visceral artery aneurysm. Most of SAA remain asymptomatic and are discovered incidentally on imaging. The overall risk of rupture increases with the size of SAA, especially when above 2 cm. Initial presentation of SAA has been associated with acute rupture and hemodynamic instability leading to substantial perioperative morbidity and mortality.