Assuntos
Fluorose Dentária/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Índice CPO , Demografia , Cárie Dentária/complicações , Cárie Dentária/epidemiologia , Eletrólitos/análise , Feminino , Fluoretos/análise , Fluorose Dentária/complicações , Fluorose Dentária/etiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Higiene Bucal , Oryza/análise , Cloreto de Sódio/análise , Sri Lanka , Chá/análise , Água/análise , Abastecimento de ÁguaRESUMO
The Widal test was done in 100 nontyphoidal febrile pients, 53 patients with proven typhoid, and in 61 patients with immunological disturbances in an are where typhoid is endemic. Salmonella typhi H or O agglutinin titers of 1:160 or more were seen in only 1% of nontyphoidal fevers. Using these criteria, the Widal test was of diagnostic value in 50 of 53 (94.3%) of patients with typhoid. The Widal test was positive in 85.7% of patients even in the first week of the illness, possibly owing to the hyperimmune state of the patients. A false-positive test was found in 11.5% of patients with major immunological disturbances in whom the Widal test must therefore be interpreted with caution.
Assuntos
Testes de Aglutinação/normas , Aglutininas/análise , Febre Tifoide/diagnóstico , Estudos de Avaliação como Assunto , Reações Falso-Positivas , Humanos , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
The clearance of hookworm (Necator americanus) ova by a single dose of tetrachlorethylene (T.C.E.) was compared with that produced by single and multiple dose regimes of bephenium hydroxynaphthoate and pyrantel pamoate. Single doses of bephenium and pyrantel were inferior to T.C.E. Three daily doses of bephenium or pyrantel produced effects comparable with a single dose of T.C.E. Because of the low cost and lack of side effects, T.C.E. remains the drug of choice in the treatment of N. americanus in infections; the only disadvantage of T.C.E. is its unnoticed deterioration under tropical conditions.
Assuntos
Compostos de Befênio/uso terapêutico , Infecções por Uncinaria/tratamento farmacológico , Necator/efeitos dos fármacos , Necatoríase/tratamento farmacológico , Pamoato de Pirantel/uso terapêutico , Pirantel/análogos & derivados , Tetracloroetileno/uso terapêutico , Administração Oral , Adulto , Compostos de Befênio/administração & dosagem , Peso Corporal , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Esquema de Medicação , Avaliação de Medicamentos , Fezes/parasitologia , Hemoglobinas/análise , Humanos , Necator/isolamento & purificação , Necatoríase/sangue , Pamoato de Pirantel/administração & dosagem , Sri Lanka , Tetracloroetileno/administração & dosagemRESUMO
The random sampling of well water for fluoride assumes that all the wells in an area are equally accessible and that there are no marked local variations in the concentration of fluoride. Both these assumptions were found to be incorrect. Another sampling method is described in which the teeth of schoolchildren are examined for evidence of dental fluorosis and the water drunk by those with different grades of dental mottling is collected for analysis. This method is more reliable than that of random sampling in that wells with a high concentration of fluoride are unlikely to be missed.