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There are limited data on outcomes after implantation of everolimus-eluting stents (EES) in East Asian patients with small vessel coronary lesions. A total of 1,600 patients treated with XIENCE EES (Abbott Vascular, CA, USA) were divided into the small vessel group treated with one ≤2.5 mm stent (n=119) and the non-small vessel group treated with one ≥2.75 mm stent (n=933). The primary end point was a patient-oriented composite outcome (POCO), a composite of all-cause death, myocardial infarction (MI), and any repeat revascularization at 12 months. The key secondary end point was a device-oriented composite outcome (DOCO), a composite of cardiovascular death, target-vessel MI, and target lesion revascularization at 12 months. The small vessel group was more often female, hypertensive, less likely to present with ST-elevation MI, and more often treated for the left circumflex artery, whereas the non-small vessel group more often had type B2/C lesions, underwent intravascular ultrasound, and received unfractionated heparin. In the propensity matched cohort, the mean stent diameter was 2.5±0.0 mm and 3.1±0.4 mm in the small and non-small vessel groups, respectively. Propensity-adjusted POCO at 12 months was 6.0% in the small vessel group and 4.3% in the non-small vessel group (p=0.558). There was no significant difference in DOCO at 12 months (small vessel group: 4.3% and non-small vessel group: 1.7%, p=0.270).Outcomes of XIENCE EES for small vessel disease were comparable to those for non-small vessel disease at 12-month clinical follow-up in real-world Korean patients.
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Purpose@#To evaluate the two-year longitudinal changes in subfoveal choroidal thickness (CT) following sulodexide treatment in patients with diabetic retinopathy. @*Methods@#Thirty-eight eyes from patients with diabetic retinopathy, followed for a minimum of two years after sulodexide administration, were included. Subfoveal CT, measured using optical coherence tomography, was analyzed prospectively. Variables including age, sex, duration of diabetes mellitus, HbA1c, blood pressure, sulodexide treatment duration, refractive error, axial length, central macular thickness (CMT), visual acuity, laser photocoagulation, and intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injections were evaluated for potential effects on CT. CMT, subfoveal CT, and choroidal vascularity index were compared at baseline and at 6, 12, and 24 months after sulodexide. @*Results@#Of the 38 eyes, 10 belonged to males and 28 to females. The mean data were as follows: age, 67.18 ± 8.87 years; duration of diabetes, 18.11 ± 7.57 years; HbA1c, 8.76 ± 1.60 mmol/L; systolic blood pressure, 134.69 ± 14.68 mmHg; diastolic blood pressure, 73.72 ± 11.90 mmHg; duration of sulodexide, 25.79 ± 3.17 months; refractive error, 0.22 ± 2.19 diopters (D); and axial length, 23.32 ± 0.89 mm. During the observation period, 15 eyes underwent laser photocoagulation and 17 eyes received intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injections. The mean subfoveal CT was 216.00 ± 64.23 μm before sulodexide administration and increased to 223.87 ± 62.18 μm, 225.53 ± 62.02 μm, and 225.76 ± 63.62 μm at 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively (p = 0.0377, p = 0.0159, p = 0.0135). The CMT was 318.14 ± 102.28 μm initially and changed to 313.08 ± 77.47 μm, 314.97 ± 88.32 μm, and 320.03 ± 97.36 μm at the aforementioned intervals, with no significant variation (p = 0.904, p = 0.736, p = 0.892). @*Conclusions@#Sulodexide administration led to a significant rise in subfoveal CT over a 2-year follow-up. This change in CT was not mirrored in the CMT.
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Purpose@#Here, we report a case of benign concentric annular macular dystrophy associated with a visual field defect.Case summary: A 34-year-old woman presented with a visual field defect that was not accompanied by a deterioration in visual acuity. The patient’s best-corrected visual acuity was 1.25 in both eyes. No signs of anterior chamber inflammation were observed, and fundoscopy showed annular hypopigmentation at the fovea in both eyes. Annular hyperfluorescence was observed on fluorescein angiography due to the window defect. Automated perimetry demonstrated an annular paracentral scotoma in both eyes. The standard electroretinogram was normal, whereas optical coherence tomography showed a loss at the inner and outer boundaries of the foveal photoreceptors. The patient had no history of chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine intake, which excluded Bull’s eye maculopathy. The patient was observed without treatment for 2 years and no change was observed in her visual acuity or the appearance of the fovea. @*Conclusions@#Benign concentric annular macular dystrophy should be considered in patients with annular hypopigmentation at the fovea without deterioration in the visual acuity of both eyes.
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Purpose@#To investigate the effects of intravitreal bevacizumab injection combined with laser photocoagulation in patients with retinal microaneurysms. @*Methods@#We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 21 eyes of 21 patients who underwent intravitreal bevacizumab injection and/or laser photocoagulation to treat retinal macroaneurysms. Eleven eyes received the combination therapy (CT) and 10 eyes monotherapy (MT) (either bevacizumab injection or laser photocoagulation). Changes in visual acuity, central macular thickness, macroaneurysm size and location, blood pressure, and the lipid level were compared between the two groups. @*Results@#The mean patient age was 74.0 ± 10.5 years and the mean study period 7.0 ± 5.3 months. The mean macroaneurysm diameter of the CT group was 480.00 ± 292.30 μm and that of the MT group 328.75 ± 87.09 μm. The diameter was significantly larger in the CT group (p = 0.002). The initial visual acuities were 0.91 ± 0.66 and 0.88 ± 0.83 in the CT and MT groups, respectively. At the 4-month follow-up, the visual acuities were 0.33 ± 0.26 and 0.17 ± 0.29 in the CT and MT groups, respectively, and had significantly improved only in the CT group (p = 0.042). The initial central macular thicknesses were 441.82 ± 226.81 and 541.63 ± 401.97 μm in the CT and MT groups, respectively. At the 4-month follow-up, the figures were 293.60 ± 46.10 and 269.00 ± 48.34 μm in the CT and MT groups, respectively, and had significantly decreased only in the CT group (p = 0.043). Compared to the initial findings, the proportion of patients whose final visual acuities improved by more than two lines were 73% and 40%, respectively, thus significantly higher in the CT group (p < 0.001). @*Conclusions@#Combined intravitreal bevacizumab injection and laser photocoagulation treatment of retinal macroaneurysms improve visual acuity and decrease macular thickness.
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Purpose@#To investigate the effects of intravitreal bevacizumab injection combined with laser photocoagulation in patients with retinal microaneurysms. @*Methods@#We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 21 eyes of 21 patients who underwent intravitreal bevacizumab injection and/or laser photocoagulation to treat retinal macroaneurysms. Eleven eyes received the combination therapy (CT) and 10 eyes monotherapy (MT) (either bevacizumab injection or laser photocoagulation). Changes in visual acuity, central macular thickness, macroaneurysm size and location, blood pressure, and the lipid level were compared between the two groups. @*Results@#The mean patient age was 74.0 ± 10.5 years and the mean study period 7.0 ± 5.3 months. The mean macroaneurysm diameter of the CT group was 480.00 ± 292.30 μm and that of the MT group 328.75 ± 87.09 μm. The diameter was significantly larger in the CT group (p = 0.002). The initial visual acuities were 0.91 ± 0.66 and 0.88 ± 0.83 in the CT and MT groups, respectively. At the 4-month follow-up, the visual acuities were 0.33 ± 0.26 and 0.17 ± 0.29 in the CT and MT groups, respectively, and had significantly improved only in the CT group (p = 0.042). The initial central macular thicknesses were 441.82 ± 226.81 and 541.63 ± 401.97 μm in the CT and MT groups, respectively. At the 4-month follow-up, the figures were 293.60 ± 46.10 and 269.00 ± 48.34 μm in the CT and MT groups, respectively, and had significantly decreased only in the CT group (p = 0.043). Compared to the initial findings, the proportion of patients whose final visual acuities improved by more than two lines were 73% and 40%, respectively, thus significantly higher in the CT group (p < 0.001). @*Conclusions@#Combined intravitreal bevacizumab injection and laser photocoagulation treatment of retinal macroaneurysms improve visual acuity and decrease macular thickness.
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Purpose@#We report surgical repair of an abnormally attached lateral rectus muscle in a sensory exotropia patient.Case summary: A 21-year-old man visited our hospital with lateral deviation in the right eye. The patient had a history of trauma (11 years previously) to the right eye, which showed 30 prism diopters of exotropia. In accordance with a diagnosis of sensory exotropia, 7.5-mm lateral rectus muscle recession and 6-mm medial rectus muscle resection were planned in the right eye. During surgery, the lateral rectus muscle was inserted into the sclera at a distance of 12 mm from the corneal limbus. To compensate for this, the lateral rectus muscle was recessed with an adjustable suture. After surgery, the patient showed 8-10 prism diopters of exotropia. A 2-mm recession was achieved by suturing. After surgery, the patient did not show exotropia, while after 3 months of follow-up the patient showed about 4 prism diopters of esotropia. @*Conclusions@#Despite abnormal attachment of an extraocular muscle, it is possible to obtain a good cosmetic result if the surgery is performed according to the preoperative plan. Suturing can be helpful if the surgical field is difficult to secure during the surgery.
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Purpose@#To report a patient with relentless placoid chorioretinitis who showed recurrent multiple placoid lesions and retinal pigment epithelial atrophic changes in both eyes for more than 16 months.Case summary: A 21-year-old man visited our clinic because of visual disturbance in both eyes. The best-corrected visual acuities were 20/50 and 20/20 in the right and left eyes, respectively. The fundus showed multiple whitish placoid lesions from the posterior pole to the mid-periphery. There were no anterior chamber inflammation signs. To exclude systemic and infectious etiologies, laboratory workup was performed. All tests were negative except for the serological types HLAB13 and B51. Based on clinical estimation, we made a diagnosis of acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy or posterior uveitis and prescribed oral methylprednisolone for the patient. However, multiple white dot lesions occurred repeatedly in both eyes for 7 months. With the oral methylprednisolone and immunosuppressive treatment, the best-corrected visual acuity of both eyes was maintained at 20/20 without further recurrence 16 months after the first visit. The lesions left atrophic findings in the retinal pigment epithelium. We diagnosed the patient with relentless placoid chorioretinitis, based on the prolonged clinical course and widespread lesion distribution. @*Conclusions@#Relentless placoid chorioretinitis should be considered in patients with chronically progressive multiple white dot lesions and retinal pigment epithelium atrophic changes between the central pole and the periphery. Aggressive immunosuppressive treatment should be performed to improve the patient's visual outcome.
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Purpose@#To report a patient with relentless placoid chorioretinitis who showed recurrent multiple placoid lesions and retinal pigment epithelial atrophic changes in both eyes for more than 16 months.Case summary: A 21-year-old man visited our clinic because of visual disturbance in both eyes. The best-corrected visual acuities were 20/50 and 20/20 in the right and left eyes, respectively. The fundus showed multiple whitish placoid lesions from the posterior pole to the mid-periphery. There were no anterior chamber inflammation signs. To exclude systemic and infectious etiologies, laboratory workup was performed. All tests were negative except for the serological types HLAB13 and B51. Based on clinical estimation, we made a diagnosis of acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy or posterior uveitis and prescribed oral methylprednisolone for the patient. However, multiple white dot lesions occurred repeatedly in both eyes for 7 months. With the oral methylprednisolone and immunosuppressive treatment, the best-corrected visual acuity of both eyes was maintained at 20/20 without further recurrence 16 months after the first visit. The lesions left atrophic findings in the retinal pigment epithelium. We diagnosed the patient with relentless placoid chorioretinitis, based on the prolonged clinical course and widespread lesion distribution. @*Conclusions@#Relentless placoid chorioretinitis should be considered in patients with chronically progressive multiple white dot lesions and retinal pigment epithelium atrophic changes between the central pole and the periphery. Aggressive immunosuppressive treatment should be performed to improve the patient's visual outcome.
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Purpose@#To compare the anti-staphylococcal effect of nephrite-containing contact lens (CL) storage cases and conventional CLstorage cases.Method: The degree of proliferation and adhesion of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) on first- to third-generation silicone hydrogelcontact lenses (SHCLs) was analyzed through comparison of 5% nephrite-containing CL storage cases and conventionalCL storage cases. The degree of adhesion of S. aureus to the CL was also compared between 1% or 5% nephrite solution andmultipurpose solution (MPS).Result: Nephrite-containing CL storage cases showed a significant inhibitory effect on S. aureus proliferation (p = 0.004) and significantlyreduced the number of adherent S. aureus on all first- to third generation SHCLs compared with conventional CL storagecases (p = 0.026, p = 0.043, and p = 0.001, respectively). The anti-staphylococcal effect of 1% and 5% nephrite solutionswas not significantly better than that of MPS. @*Conclusions@#Nephrite shows potential as a next-generation substance for reducing infectious keratitis caused by S. aureuswhen added to CL storage cases.
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Background and Objectives@#The relationship between the hospital percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) volumes and the in-hospital clinical outcomes of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains the subject of debate. This study aimed to determine whether the in-hospital clinical outcomes of patients with AMI in Korea are significantly associated with hospital PCI volumes. @*Methods@#We selected and analyzed 17,121 cases of AMI, that is, 8,839 cases of non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and 8,282 cases of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, enrolled in the 2014 Korean percutaneous coronary intervention (K-PCI) registry. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to hospital annual PCI volume, that is, to a high-volume group (≥400/year) or a low-volume group (<400/year). Major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs) were defined as composites of death, cardiac death, non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), stent thrombosis, stroke, and need for urgent PCI during index admission after PCI. @*Results@#Rates of MACCE and non-fatal MI were higher in the low-volume group than in the high-volume group (MACCE: 10.9% vs. 8.6%, p=0.001; non-fatal MI: 4.8% vs. 2.6%, p=0.001, respectively). Multivariate regression analysis showed PCI volume did not independently predict MACCE. @*Conclusions@#Hospital PCI volume was not found to be an independent predictor of in-hospital clinical outcomes in patients with AMI included in the 2014 K-PCI registry.
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PURPOSE@#We explored changes in photoreceptor function and histology in an iodoacetic acid (IAA)-induced model of feline retinal degeneration.@*METHODS@#From January to October 2014, we studied 11 adult felines (22 eyes) over 2 years of age divided into two groups (two in a control and nine in an IAA group). The mean body weights of these two groups were 1.75 ± 0.35 and 1.61 ± 0.19 kg, and the male:female sex ratios 1:1 and 2:7, respectively. Electroretinograms (ERGs) were obtained before injection and at 1–4 week post-injection (20 mg/kg IAA). Standard paraffin retinal sections were stained with hematoxylin/eosin and other sections subjected to immunohistochemistry. We histologically evaluated the outer nuclear layer, and photoreceptor cone and rod cells.@*RESULTS@#In ERGs of the IAA group, both the rod and cone mean b wave amplitudes decreased significantly from week 1 to week 4 after injection (27.43, 29.41, 64.17, and 56.03; and 61.04, 51.25, 131.36, and 136.68 µV, respectively) compared to baseline (322.48 and 610.00 µV respectively) (p < 0.01). Optical microscopy revealed a significant decrease in the cell count of the outer nuclear retinal layer (16.83 ± 0.89 in the control and 11.98 ± 3.55 in the IAA groups, p < 0.01). Fluorescence microscopy revealed a significant reduction in the mean area per unit length of the rod cell layer (35,225.67 ± 2,477.02 and 14,903.62 ± 2,319.65 in the control and IAA groups, p < 0.01), but not in the cone cell count (26.16 ± 1.34 and 23.98 ± 6.16 in the control and IAA groups, p = 0.075).@*CONCLUSIONS@#ERGs revealed that functional b wave amplitudes fell after IAA-induce retinal degeneration in felines; histology showed that this was accompanied by reductions in the numbers of outer nuclear layers and rod cells. IAA induces photoreceptor degeneration in felines; further study is necessary.
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PURPOSE: We investigated structural changes in the retina by using optical coherence tomography (OCT) in a feline model of retinal degeneration using iodoacetic acid (IAA).METHODS: We examined 22 eyes of 11 felines over 2 years of age. The felines had fasted for 12 hours and were intravenously injected with IAA 20 mg/kg of body weight. OCT (Spectralis OCT) was performed at the point where the ends of the retinal vessels collected in the lateral direction from the optic nerve head and area centralis. Similarly, OCT was performed four times at 1-week intervals following injections, at which point the felines were sacrificed and histologic examinations were performed. Using OCT, the thickness of each layer of the retina was measured.RESULTS: The average body weight of the three male and eight female felines investigated in this study was 1.61 ± 0.19 kg. The mean total retinal thickness of the felines before injection was 221.32 ± 9.82 µm, with a significant decrease in the retinal thickness at 2, 3, and 4 weeks following injections of 186.41 ± 35.42, 174.56 ± 31.94, and 175.35 ± 33.84 µm, respectively (p = 0.028, 0.027, and 0.027, respectively). The thickness of the outer nuclear layer was 57.49 ± 8.03 µm before injection and 29.26 ± 17.87, 25.62 ± 13.88, and 31.60 ± 18.38 µm at 2, 3, and 4 weeks, respectively, after injection (p = 0.028, 0.028, 0.046, respectively).CONCLUSIONS: In a feline model of retinal degeneration using IAA, the total retinal thickness and the thickness of the outer nuclear layer were shown to decrease significantly on OCT.
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Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Angiografia , Peso Corporal , Ácido Iodoacético , Disco Óptico , Células Fotorreceptoras de Vertebrados , Retina , Degeneração Retiniana , Vasos Retinianos , Retinaldeído , Tomografia de Coerência ÓpticaRESUMO
PURPOSE: To report polymicrobial keratitis involving Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Ochrobactrum anthropi. CASE SUMMARY: A 53-year-old female complained of pain and secretion in her right eye, which started 6 weeks before her visit. She applied steroid ointment, which was received from the dermatologist, to her eyelid 7 days prior to her visit but this treatment worsened her symptoms. At the initial visit, the visual acuity of the right eye was light perception, and purulent secretions were observed. Using a slit lamp, severe conjunctival hyperemia, hypopyon, and a ring-shaped central corneal ulcer were observed. The anterior chamber and fundus were not observed due to corneal lesions but ultrasonography showed no intraocular inflammation. Infectious keratitis was suspected and cultured by corneal scraping. During the incubation period, 0.5% moxifloxacin, 2% voriconazole, and 1% cyclopentolate were administered. A total of 400 mg of moxifloxacin and 100 mg of doxycycline were given orally. In the primary culture, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii were identified so 5% ceftazidime, which was sensitive for the antibiotic susceptibility results was further instilled. Thereafter, the keratitis improved but the keratitis again worsened while maintaining the topical treatment. A secondary culture was positive for Ochrobactrum anthropi. Treatment with 1.4% gentamicin, which was sensitive for the antibiotic susceptibility test was added and the keratitis improved. A conjunctival flap was performed because of the increased risk of perforation. CONCLUSIONS: We report polymicrobial keratitis involving Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Ochrobactrum anthropi for the first time in the Republic of Korea.
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Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Acinetobacter baumannii , Acinetobacter , Câmara Anterior , Ceftazidima , Úlcera da Córnea , Ciclopentolato , Doxiciclina , Pálpebras , Gentamicinas , Hiperemia , Inflamação , Ceratite , Ochrobactrum anthropi , Ochrobactrum , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Pseudomonas , República da Coreia , Lâmpada de Fenda , Ultrassonografia , Acuidade Visual , VoriconazolRESUMO
No abstract available.
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Humanos , Ceftazidima , Endoftalmite , Injeções Intravítreas , VancomicinaRESUMO
PURPOSE: To investigate the changes of visual acuity and central macular thickness (CMT) in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) receiving long-term hemodialysis (HD). METHODS: From January 1, 2008, to December 31, 2018, the medical records of patients who were diagnosed with DR receiving HD three times a week for ≥18 months due to chronic kidney disease (CKD) were analyzed. Among them, patients diagnosed with DR 6 months before the start of HD were included. Patients with vitreous hemorrhage (VH) affecting visual acuity (VA), other retinal diseases, and cataract surgery after HD were excluded. The VA and CMT before HD and at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 18 months after HD were analyzed. RESULTS: Of the 222 eyes of 111 patients who were diagnosed with DR and received HD for CKD due to diabetes, 174 eyes with DR diagnosed after starting HD were excluded. Ten eyes with VH before starting HD, two eyes with epiretinal membrane, and four eyes with cataract surgery after starting HD were also excluded. Thirty-two eyes of 18 patients were included. The mean age of the patients was 53.71 ± 9.25 years. Twenty-four males and eight female patients were included in the study. The mean logMAR VA improved significantly from 0.36 ± 0.28 before starting HD to 0.26 ± 0.27 at 18 months after starting HD (p = 0.002). The mean CMT was significantly decreased from 307.12 ± 89.52 µm before starting HD to 279.71 ± 61.75 µm at 12 months after starting HD (p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: In patients with DR who underwent long-term HD, CMT decreased and VA improved, when compared with these parameters before HD.
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Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Catarata , Retinopatia Diabética , Membrana Epirretiniana , Edema Macular , Prontuários Médicos , Diálise Renal , Insuficiência Renal Crônica , Doenças Retinianas , Acuidade Visual , Hemorragia VítreaRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Diffuse long coronary artery disease (DLCAD) still has unfavorable clinical outcomes after successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Resolute™ zotarolimus-eluting stent (R-ZES; Resolute™ Integrity) for patients with DLCAD. METHODS: From December 2011 to December 2014, 1,011 patients who underwent PCI using R-ZES for CAD with longer than 25 mm lesion were prospectively enrolled from 21 hospitals in Korea. We assessed the clinical outcome of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) defined as the composite of cardiac death, non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), and clinically-driven target vessel revascularization at 12 months. RESULTS: Mean age was 63.8±10.8 years, 701 (69.3%) patients were male, 572 (87.0%) patients had hypertension, 339 (33.8%) patients had diabetes, 549 (54.3%) patients diagnosed with acute MI and 545 (53.9%) patients had multi-vessel disease (MVD). A total of 1,697 stents were implanted into a total of 1,472 lesions. The mean diameter was 3.07±0.38 mm and the length was 28.27±6.97 mm. Multiple overlapping stents were performed in 205 (13.8%) lesions. A 12-month clinical follow-up was available in 1,004 patients (99.3%). The incidences of MACE and definite stent thrombosis at 12-month were 3.0% and 0.3% respectively. On multivariate Cox-regression analysis, multiple overlapping stents implantation, previous congestive heart failure, MVD, and age ≥75 years were independent predictors of one-year MACE. CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows that R-ZES has an excellent 1-year clinical outcome in Korean patients with DLCAD.
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Humanos , Masculino , Doença da Artéria Coronariana , Vasos Coronários , Morte , Stents Farmacológicos , Seguimentos , Insuficiência Cardíaca , Hipertensão , Incidência , Coreia (Geográfico) , Infarto do Miocárdio , Intervenção Coronária Percutânea , Estudos Prospectivos , Stents , Trombose , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES@#Diffuse long coronary artery disease (DLCAD) still has unfavorable clinical outcomes after successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Resolute™ zotarolimus-eluting stent (R-ZES; Resolute™ Integrity) for patients with DLCAD.@*METHODS@#From December 2011 to December 2014, 1,011 patients who underwent PCI using R-ZES for CAD with longer than 25 mm lesion were prospectively enrolled from 21 hospitals in Korea. We assessed the clinical outcome of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) defined as the composite of cardiac death, non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), and clinically-driven target vessel revascularization at 12 months.@*RESULTS@#Mean age was 63.8±10.8 years, 701 (69.3%) patients were male, 572 (87.0%) patients had hypertension, 339 (33.8%) patients had diabetes, 549 (54.3%) patients diagnosed with acute MI and 545 (53.9%) patients had multi-vessel disease (MVD). A total of 1,697 stents were implanted into a total of 1,472 lesions. The mean diameter was 3.07±0.38 mm and the length was 28.27±6.97 mm. Multiple overlapping stents were performed in 205 (13.8%) lesions. A 12-month clinical follow-up was available in 1,004 patients (99.3%). The incidences of MACE and definite stent thrombosis at 12-month were 3.0% and 0.3% respectively. On multivariate Cox-regression analysis, multiple overlapping stents implantation, previous congestive heart failure, MVD, and age ≥75 years were independent predictors of one-year MACE.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Our study shows that R-ZES has an excellent 1-year clinical outcome in Korean patients with DLCAD.
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PURPOSE: We analyzed time series changes in cataract surgeries in Korea, and provide basic data to enhance the efficiency of medical services for cataract surgery. METHODS: Among cataract surgery statistics registered in the Korean National Health Insurance Cooperation from 2006 to 2012, we used data regarding the number of patients and operations and the number of patients and operations per 100,000 people. We analyzed various time series changes, including differences by sex and age. RESULTS: The total numbers of patients from 2006 to 2012 by year were 207,370; 228,170; 250,289; 268,548; 289,867; 308,111; and 302,182, respectively. The total numbers of operations from 2006 to 2012 by year were 272,920; 305,807; 338,332; 365,874; 398,338; 428,158; and 420,905, respectively. The number of patients and operations per 100,000 people were highest in men 80 to 84 years old and women 75 to 79 years old. Comparing the number of operations in 2006 and after, the patient age group with the highest increase rate changed from over 85 years old to 75–79 years old since 2010 in men and from over 85 years old to 50–54 years old since 2009 in women. For each year investigated, the number of operations performed was higher than the number of patients who received operations. CONCLUSIONS: Over the study period, the number of cataract surgeries increased, while the age of cataract patients decreased. Additionally, the number of cataract-related surgeries increased in relation to the number of patients.