Profile of injured patients presenting to a tertiary hospital in a developing country.

BACKGROUND: In most developing countries including Lebanon, trauma research is lacking and warranted. Objectives of the current study were to describe trauma patients referred to a tertiary care center during one year and identify outcomes and patterns of injury. METHODS: Review of hospital charts of every 12th consecutive patient presenting to the emergency unit (ED) after a traumatic event during the year 2001-2002. Data collected include: demographics, injury description, and hospital data. RESULTS: A total of 736 patients were included, 212 pediatric, 455 young, and 62 geriatric patients. The most common body regions injured were the extremities followed by the face. The most encountered mechanism of injury was fall from less than 15 feet (38.2%) followed by penetrating/gunshot injury (14.8%), and road traffic accidents (11.8%). The rates of hospital admission and surgical intervention were highest among geriatric patients (p = 0.03 and p < 0.001). Most injuries occurred during the evening shift and the average time spent in the ED was 86 minutes. The police was informed in 6.6% of the cases. CONCLUSIONS: Falls represent a worrisome mechanism across all age groups. This may be an indication for unaddressed occupational hazards for the working young and lack of awareness about the need for more children supervision. More rigorous investigation of intentional and unintentional firearm injuries, and their predisposing factors are needed.

Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor genotypes in Behçet's disease patients: any role for the 3DP1*001/002 pseudogene?

AIMS: Genotypic profiles of the natural killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) have been reported to vary among different ethnic groups and variable clinical entities. This study represents the second report on its distribution among patients with Behçet's disease (BD). We studied 43 unrelated Lebanese Behçet's patients, had their DNA typed using sequence-specific primer technique for the presence of 16 KIR genes and pseudogenes loci, and compared them to the general Lebanese population. RESULTS: In addition to sharing common features with the general population, the AA genotype was still the most frequent--however, with five new KIR profiles identified. There was no statistically significant distribution of the different KIR genes between the cases (BD patients) and controls (Lebanese population); however, KIR3DP1*001/002 was found to be significantly different between the BD patients and the Lebanese population, but this significance was lost after correction for all KIR loci. CONCLUSION: The results lead to an interesting future research question of whether or not KIR genotype is involved in the predisposition to or pathogenesis of BD especially that a pseudogene is controversially in question. This is the second report that describes the KIR genotypic profile in such an important clinical disease but the first to shed a light on the possible role of a pseudogene.

Distribution of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) genotypes in patients with familial Mediterranean fever.

Genotypic profiles of the natural killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) have been reported to vary among different ethnic groups and variable clinical entities. This study represents the first report on its distribution among patients with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF). We studied 56 unrelated Lebanese FMF patients, had their DNA typed using sequence-specific primer (SSP) technique for the presence of 16 KIR gene and pseudogene loci, and compared them to the general Lebanese population. The AA1 genotype was the most frequent in both the FMF and control groups. Six new KIR profiles were identified. The FMF group showed a higher prevalence of KIR 3DP1*003 (p<0.05) and an increase in the BB genotype compared with controls. The results lead to an interesting future research question of whether or not KIR genotype is involved in the predisposition to or pathogenesis of FMF. This is the first report that describes the KIR genotypic profile in this important clinical disease.