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1.
ScientificWorldJournal ; 2014: 954849, 2014.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25302337

RESUMO

Recently, the frequent seasonal drought in Southwest China has brought considerable concerns and continuous heated arguments on the "water pump" viewpoint (i.e., the water demand from Hevea spp. and Eucalyptus spp. can be treated as a water pump) once again. However, such viewpoint just focused on water consumption from vegetation transpiration and its ecoenvironment impacts, which had not considered other attributes of vegetation, namely, water saving and drought resistance, and hydrological regulation (water conservation) into consideration. Thus, in this paper, the synthesized attributes of regional vegetation water use had been mainly discussed. The results showed that the study on such aspects as the characters of water consumption from vegetation transpiration, the potential of water saving and drought resistance, and the effects of hydrological regulation in Southwest China lagged far behind, let alone the report on synthesized attributes of water utilization with the organic combination of the three aspects above or the paralleled analysis. Accordingly, in this paper, the study on the synthesized attributes of water use by regional vegetation in Southwest China was suggested, and the objectives of such a special study were clarified, targeting the following aspects: (i) characters of water consumption from transpiration of regional typical artificial vegetation; (ii) potential of water saving and drought resistance of regional typical artificial vegetation; (iii) effects of hydrological regulation of regional typical artificial vegetation; (iv) synthesized attributes of water use by regional typical artificial vegetation. It is expected to provide a new idea for the scientific assessment on the regional vegetation ecoenvironment effects and theoretical guidance for the regional vegetation reconstruction and ecological restoration.


Assuntos
Eucalyptus/metabolismo , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas , Genes de Plantas , Hevea/metabolismo , Água/metabolismo , Adaptação Fisiológica , Transporte Biológico , China , Conservação dos Recursos Naturais , Secas , Ecossistema , Monitoramento Ambiental , Eucalyptus/genética , Eucalyptus/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Hevea/genética , Hevea/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Transdução de Sinais , Solo
2.
Crit Rev Biotechnol ; 32(1): 1-21, 2012 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21699437

RESUMO

Global warming is one of the most serious challenges facing us today. It may be linked to the increase in atmospheric CO2 and other greenhouse gases (GHGs), leading to a rise in sea level, notable shifts in ecosystems, and in the frequency and intensity of wild fires. There is a strong interest in stabilizing the atmospheric concentration of CO2 and other GHGs by decreasing carbon emission and/or increasing carbon sequestration. Biotic sequestration is an important and effective strategy to mitigate the effects of rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations by increasing carbon sequestration and storage capacity of ecosystems using plant photosynthesis and by decreasing carbon emission using biofuel rather than fossil fuel. Improvement of photosynthetic carbon assimilation, using transgenic engineering, potentially provides a set of available and effective tools for enhancing plant carbon sequestration. In this review, firstly different biological methods of CO2 assimilation in C3, C4 and CAM plants are introduced and three types of C4 pathways which have high photosynthetic performance and have evolved as CO2 pumps are briefly summarized. Then (i) the improvement of photosynthetic carbon assimilation of C3 plants by transgenic engineering using non-C4 genes, and (ii) the overexpression of individual or multiple C4 cycle photosynthetic genes (PEPC, PPDK, PCK, NADP-ME and NADP-MDH) in transgenic C3 plants (e.g. tobacco, potato, rice and Arabidopsis) are highlighted. Some transgenic C3 plants (e.g. tobacco, rice and Arabidopsis) overexpressing the FBP/SBPase, ictB and cytochrome c6 genes showed positive effects on photosynthetic efficiency and growth characteristics. However, over the last 28 years, efforts to overexpress individual, double or multiple C4 enzymes in C3 plants like tobacco, potato, rice, and Arabidopsis have produced mixed results that do not confirm or eliminate the possibility of improving photosynthesis of C3 plants by this approach. Finally, a prospect is provided on the challenges of enhancing carbon assimilation of C3 plants using transgenic engineering in the face of global warming, and the trends of the most promising approaches to improving the photosynthetic performance of C3 plants.


Assuntos
Carbono/metabolismo , Engenharia Genética/métodos , Fotossíntese , Plantas Geneticamente Modificadas/metabolismo , Plantas/metabolismo , Aquecimento Global , Plantas/genética , Plantas Geneticamente Modificadas/genética
3.
Foods ; 11(8)2022 Apr 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35454654

RESUMO

In recent years, a variety of double protein dairy products have appeared on the market. It is a dairy product made by replacing parts of animal protein with plant protein and then using certain production methods. For some countries with limited milk resources, insufficient protein intake and low income, double protein dairy products have a bright future. More and more studies have found that double protein dairy products have combined effects which can alleviate the relatively poor functional properties of plant protein, including solubility, foaming, emulsifying and gelling. In addition, the taste of plant protein has been improved. This review focuses on the current state of research on double protein dairy products. It covers some salient features in the science and technology of plant proteins and suggests strategies for improving their use in various food applications. At the same time, it is expected that the fermentation methods used for those traditional dairy products as well as other processing technologies could be applied to produce novelty foods based on plant proteins.

4.
Crit Rev Biotechnol ; 30(3): 192-9, 2010 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20210691

RESUMO

In the past 20 years, the major effort in plant breeding has changed from quantitative to molecular genetics with emphasis on quantitative trait loci (QTL) identification and marker assisted selection (MAS). However, results have been modest. This has been due to several factors including absence of tight linkage QTL, non-availability of mapping populations, and substantial time needed to develop such populations. To overcome these limitations, and as an alternative to planned populations, molecular marker-trait associations have been identified by the combination between germplasm and the regression technique. In the present preview, the authors (1) survey the successful applications of germplasm-regression-combined (GRC) molecular marker-trait association identification in plants; (2) describe how to do the GRC analysis and its differences from mapping QTL based on a linkage map reconstructed from the planned populations; (3) consider the factors that affect the GRC association identification, including selections of optimal germplasm and molecular markers and testing of identification efficiency of markers associated with traits; and (4) finally discuss the future prospects of GRC marker-trait association analysis used in plant MAS/QTL breeding programs, especially in long-juvenile woody plants when no other genetic information such as linkage maps and QTL are available.


Assuntos
Cruzamento , Estudos de Associação Genética , Marcadores Genéticos/genética , Plantas/genética , Locos de Características Quantitativas/genética , Estresse Fisiológico/genética , Biotecnologia , Secas , Análise de Regressão
5.
Sci Rep ; 10(1): 2388, 2020 Feb 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32024923

RESUMO

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

6.
Crit Rev Biotechnol ; 29(2): 131-51, 2009.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19412828

RESUMO

Water is vital for plant growth, development and productivity. Permanent or temporary water deficit stress limits the growth and distribution of natural and artificial vegetation and the performance of cultivated plants (crops) more than any other environmental factor. Productive and sustainable agriculture necessitates growing plants (crops) in arid and semiarid regions with less input of precious resources such as fresh water. For a better understanding and rapid improvement of soil-water stress tolerance in these regions, especially in the water-wind eroded crossing region, it is very important to link physiological and biochemical studies to molecular work in genetically tractable model plants and important native plants, and further extending them to practical ecological restoration and efficient crop production. Although basic studies and practices aimed at improving soil water stress resistance and plant water use efficiency have been carried out for many years, the mechanisms involved at different scales are still not clear. Further understanding and manipulating soil-plant water relationships and soil-water stress tolerance at the scales of ecology, physiology and molecular biology can significantly improve plant productivity and environmental quality. Currently, post-genomics and metabolomics are very important in exploring anti-drought gene resources in various life forms, but modern agriculturally sustainable development must be combined with plant physiological measures in the field, on the basis of which post-genomics and metabolomics have further practical prospects. In this review, we discuss physiological and molecular insights and effects in basic plant metabolism, drought tolerance strategies under drought conditions in higher plants for sustainable agriculture and ecoenvironments in arid and semiarid areas of the world. We conclude that biological measures are the bases for the solutions to the issues relating to the different types of sustainable development.


Assuntos
Agricultura , Secas , Fenômenos Fisiológicos Vegetais , Plantas/metabolismo , Biotecnologia , Plantas/enzimologia , Estresse Fisiológico , Água
8.
Int J Mol Sci ; 10(9): 4116-4136, 2009 Sep 18.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19865535

RESUMO

The objective of this study was to locate chromosomes for improving water and phosphorus-deficiency tolerance of wheat at the seedling stage. A set of Chinese Spring-Egyptian Red wheat substitution lines and their parent Chinese Spring (recipient) and Egyptian Red (donor) cultivars were measured to determine the chromosomal locations of genes controlling water use efficiency (WUE) and phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) under different water and phosphorus conditions. The results underlined that chromosomes 1A, 7A, 7B, and 3A showed higher leaf water use efficiency (WUE(l) = Pn/Tr; Pn = photosynthetic rate; Tr = transpiration rate) under W-P (Hoagland solution with 1/2P), -W-P (Hoagland solution with 1/2P and 10% PEG). Chromosomes 7A, 3D, 2B, 3B, and 4B may carry genes for positive effects on individual plant water use efficiency (WUE(p) = biomass/TWC; TWC = total water consumption) under WP (Hoagland solution), W-P and -W-P treatment. Chromosomes 7A and 7D carry genes for PUE enhancement under WP, -WP (Hoagland solution with 10% PEG) and W-P treatment. Chromosome 7A possibly has genes for controlling WUE and PUE simultaneously, which indicates that WUE and PUE may share the same genetic background. Phenotypic and genetic analysis of the investigated traits showed that photosynthetic rate (Pn) and transpiration rate (Tr), Tr and WUE(l) showed significant positive and negative correlations under WP, W-P, -WP and -W-P, W-P, -WP treatments, respectively. Dry mass (DM), WUE(P), PUT (phosphorus uptake) all showed significant positive correlation under WP, W-P and -WP treatment. PUE and phosphorus uptake (PUT = P uptake per plant) showed significant negative correlation under the four treatments. The results might provide useful information for improving WUE and PUE in wheat genetics.


Assuntos
Fósforo/metabolismo , Plântula/metabolismo , Triticum/metabolismo , Adaptação Fisiológica , Cruzamento , Mapeamento Cromossômico , Cromossomos de Plantas , Desidratação , Secas , Genes de Plantas , Estudos de Associação Genética , Fotossíntese/genética , Transpiração Vegetal/genética , Locos de Características Quantitativas , Plântula/genética , Estresse Fisiológico , Triticum/genética
9.
C R Biol ; 331(4): 321-8, 2008 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18355755

RESUMO

The mutual-responding relationship between plants and environment is involved in all life processes, which are the essential bases for different types of sustainable development on the globe, particularly the critical basis for agricultural sustainable development. How to regulate the above relationship between plants and the corresponding environment (in particular soil environment) is the key problem to modern sustainable agriculture development under global climate change, which is one of the hot topics in the field of plant biology. Detailed dissection of this responding relationship is also important for conducting global eco-environmental restoration and construction. Although powerful methodology and dataset related to genomics, post-genomics, and metabolomics have provided some insights into this relationship, crop physiological measures are also critical for crop full performance in field. With the increase of tested plants (including model plants) and development of integrated molecular biology, a complete understanding of the relationship at different scales under biotic and abiotic stresses will be accelerated. In the current paper, we will cover some important aspects in combination with the recent work from our laboratory and related advances reflected by international academic journals, as follows: plant physiological function performance under natural condition, plant gene regulatory network system under abiotic stresses, gene regulatory network system and drought resistance improvement, summary of the related work from our laboratory, conclusions, and acknowledgement.


Assuntos
Agricultura/métodos , Meio Ambiente , Desenvolvimento Vegetal , Fenômenos Fisiológicos Vegetais , Arabidopsis/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Arabidopsis/fisiologia , Clima , Ecossistema , Oryza/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Oryza/fisiologia , Zea mays/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Zea mays/fisiologia
10.
C R Biol ; 331(8): 587-96, 2008 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18606388

RESUMO

Considerable progresses have taken place, both in the methodology available to study changes in intracellular cytosolic calcium and in our understanding of calcium signaling cascades, but how calcium signals function in plant drought resistance is questionable. In plant cells, calcium plays roles as a second messenger coupling a wide range of extracellular stimuli with intracellular responses. Different extracellular stimuli trigger specific calcium signatures: dynamics, amplitude and duration of calcium transients specify the nature, implication and intensity of stimuli. Calcium-binding proteins (sensors) play a critical role in decoding calcium signatures and transducing signals by activating specific targets and corresponding metabolic pathways. Calmodulin is a calcium sensor known to regulate the activity of many mammalian proteins, whose targets in plants are now being identified. Higher plants possess a rapidly growing list of calmodulin targets with a variety of cellular functions. Nevertheless, many targets appear to be unique to higher plants and remain characterized, calling for a concerted effort to elucidate their functions. To date, three major classes of plant calcium signals, including calcium permeable ion channels, Ca(2+)/H(+) antiporters and Ca(2+)-ATPases, have been responsible for drought-stress signal transduction. This review summarizes the current knowledge of calcium signals involved in plant anti-drought and plant water use efficiency (WUE) and presents suggestions for future focus of study.


Assuntos
Sinalização do Cálcio/fisiologia , Desastres , Fenômenos Fisiológicos Vegetais , Antiporters/metabolismo , Aquaporinas/genética , Aquaporinas/fisiologia , Canais de Cálcio/fisiologia , Sinalização do Cálcio/genética , Desidratação/metabolismo , Desidratação/fisiopatologia , Plantas/genética
11.
C R Biol ; 331(3): 215-25, 2008 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18280987

RESUMO

Water is vital for plant growth and development. Water-deficit stress, permanent or temporary, limits the growth and the distribution of natural vegetation and the performance of cultivated plants more than any other environmental factors do. Although research and practices aimed at improving water-stress resistance and water-use efficiency have been carried out for many years, the mechanism involved is still not clear. Further understanding and manipulating plant-water relations and water-stress tolerance at the scale of physiology and molecular biology can significantly improve plant productivity and environmental quality. Currently, post-genomics and metabolomics are very important to explore anti-drought gene resource in different life forms, but modern agricultural sustainable development must be combined with plant physiological measures in the field, on the basis of which post-genomics and metabolomics will have further a practical prospect. In this review, we discussed the anatomical changes and drought-tolerance strategies under drought condition in higher plants.


Assuntos
Meio Ambiente , Plantas/anatomia & histologia , Água , Desastres , Desenvolvimento Vegetal , Folhas de Planta/anatomia & histologia , Raízes de Plantas/anatomia & histologia , Caules de Planta/anatomia & histologia , Plantas/genética , Água/metabolismo
12.
C R Biol ; 331(6): 433-41, 2008 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18510996

RESUMO

Main antioxidants in higher plants include glutathione, ascorbate, tocopherol, proline, betaine, and others, which are also information-rich redox buffers and important redox signaling components that interact with biomembrane-related compartments. As an evolutionary consequence of aerobic life for higher plants, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are formed by partial reduction of molecular oxygen. The above enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants in higher plants can protect their cells from oxidative damage by scavenging ROS. In addition to crucial roles in defense system and as enzyme cofactors, antioxidants influence higher plant growth and development by modifying processes from mitosis and cell elongation to senescence and death. Most importantly, they provide essential information on cellular redox state, and regulate gene expression associated with biotic and abiotic stress responses to optimize defense and survival. An overview of the literature is presented in terms of main antioxidants and redox signaling in plant cells. Special attention is given to ROS and ROS-antioxidant interaction as a metabolic interface for different types of signals derived from metabolism and from the changing environment, which regulates the appropriate induction of acclimation processes or, execution of cell death programs, which are the two essential directions for higher plants.


Assuntos
Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Meio Ambiente , Plantas/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais/fisiologia , Oxirredução , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo
13.
C R Biol ; 331(8): 579-86, 2008 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18606387

RESUMO

With the advent of molecular biotechnologies, new opportunities are available for plant physiologists to study the relationships between wheat traits and their genetic control. The functional determinations of all genes that participate in drought adaptation or tolerance reactions are expected to provide an integrated understanding of the biochemical and physiological basis of stress responses in wheat. However, despite all the recent technological breakthroughs, the overall contribution of genomics-assisted breeding to the release of drought-resilient wheat cultivars has so far been marginal. This paper critically analyses how biotechnological, genetic and information tools can contribute to accelerating the release of improved, drought-tolerant wheat cultivars. Armed with such information from established models, it will be possible to elucidate the physiological basis of drought tolerance and to select genotypes with an improved yield under water-limited conditions.


Assuntos
Desastres , Genômica/métodos , Biologia Molecular/métodos , Triticum/genética , Triticum/metabolismo , Adaptação Fisiológica/genética , Adaptação Fisiológica/fisiologia , Mapeamento Cromossômico , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas/genética , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas/fisiologia , Ligação Genética , Processamento de Proteína Pós-Traducional/genética , Processamento de Proteína Pós-Traducional/fisiologia , Triticum/crescimento & desenvolvimento
14.
C R Biol ; 331(3): 179-84, 2008 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18280983

RESUMO

It has been reported that genes encoding antigens of bacterial and viral pathogens can be expressed in plants and are shown to induce protection antibodies. The structural protein E2 of classical swine fever virus (CSFV), which has been shown to carry critical epitopes, has been expressed in different systems. Here, we report the expression of CFSV E2 gene in tobacco chloroplasts. Mice immunized with leaf extracts elicited specific antibodies. This indicated that the expressed E2 proteins had a certain degree of immunogenicity. To our knowledge, this is the first report showing induction of protective antibody in response to classical swine fever virus (CSFV) by immunization with antigen protein E2 expressed in tobacco chloroplasts, which will open a new way to protection from CSFV by plant chloroplasts as bioreactors.


Assuntos
Reatores Biológicos , Cloroplastos/metabolismo , Vírus da Febre Suína Clássica/química , Expressão Gênica , Nicotiana/ultraestrutura , Proteínas do Envelope Viral/genética , Animais , Anticorpos Antivirais/biossíntese , Southern Blotting , Western Blotting , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Vetores Genéticos , Imunização , Camundongos , Extratos Vegetais/imunologia , Folhas de Planta/imunologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Transformação Genética
15.
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces ; 62(2): 163-72, 2008 Apr 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18063350

RESUMO

Plant aquaporins play an important role in water uptake and movement-an aquaporin that opens and closes a gate that regulates water movement in and out of cells. Some plant aquaporins also play an important role in response to water stress. Since their discovery, advancing knowledge of their structures and properties led to an understanding of the basic features of the water transport mechanism and increased illumination to water relations. Meanwhile, molecular and functional characterization of aquaporins has revealed the significance of their regulation in response to the adverse environments such as salinity and drought. This paper reviews the structure, species diversity, physiology function, regulation of plant aquaporins, and the relations between environmental factors and plant aquaporins. Complete understanding of aquaporin function and regulation is to integrate those mechanisms in time and space and to well regulate the permeation of water across biological membranes under changing environmental and developmental conditions.


Assuntos
Aquaporinas/metabolismo , Plantas/metabolismo , Água/metabolismo , Aquaporinas/química , Permeabilidade , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , Frações Subcelulares/metabolismo
16.
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces ; 65(2): 220-5, 2008 Sep 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18502620

RESUMO

To probe into the potential of relieving the oxidative damage of salt stress, we investigated the protective role of nitric oxide on barley under salt stress. Salt stress resulted in increased ion leakage, lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation in barley leaves. Simultaneous treatments of barley leaves with 50 microM sodium nitroprusside, a nitric oxide donor, alleviated the damage of salt stress, reflected by decreased ion leakage, and malendialdehyde (MDA), carbonyl, and hydrogen peroxide content in barley leaves. The presence of the nitric oxide donor increased the activities of superoxide dismutases (SOD), ascorbate peroxidases (APX), and catalases (CAT). Meantime, sodium nitroprusside addition increased accumulation of ferritin at the protein level, indicating that nitric oxide directly regulated ferritin accumulation. These results suggested that nitric oxide can effectively protect seedlings from salt stress damage by enhancing activities of antioxidant enzymes to quench the excessive reactive oxygen species caused by salt stress and inducing the increase of ferritin accumulation to chelate larger number of ferrous ion. Information from this study can be used to improve soil management practices for sustainable use of salt-affected soils in the future.


Assuntos
Hordeum/fisiologia , Óxido Nítrico/farmacologia , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Cloreto de Sódio , Eletroforese em Gel de Poliacrilamida , Espectrometria de Massas por Ionização e Dessorção a Laser Assistida por Matriz
17.
Front Plant Sci ; 9: 809, 2018.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29997634

RESUMO

Plant WRKY transcription factors (TFs) are active guardians against pathogens' insurgency, key components in developmental processes, contributors in signal transduction pathways, and regulators of diverse biotic and abiotic stress responses. In this research, we isolated, cloned, and functionally characterized a new WRKY TF GmWRKY49 from soybean. GmWRKY49 is a nuclear protein which contains two highly conserved WRKY domains and a C2H2-type zinc-finger structure. The normalized expression (log2 ratio) of GmWRKY49 was 2.75- and 1.90-fold in salt-tolerant and salt-susceptible soybean genotypes, respectively. The transcripts of GmWRKY49 could be detected in roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and almost no expression in pod tissues. The salinity-tolerance response of this gene was studied through overexpression in soybean composite seedlings and transgenic Arabidopsis. The effect of GmWRKY49 overexpression on root length of transgenic Arabidopsis was also investigated. Under salt stress, several parameters including germination rate, survival rate, root length, rosette diameter, relative electrolyte leakage, and proline content were significantly higher in composite seedlings and transgenic Arabidopsis than those in wild-type. Moreover, GmWRKY49 enhanced salinity tolerance in soybean mosaic seedlings and transgenic Arabidopsis. These results suggest that GmWRKY49 is a positive regulator of salinity tolerance in soybean and has high potential utilization for crop improvement.

18.
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces ; 54(2): 143-9, 2007 Feb 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17196377

RESUMO

Drought is one of the major ecological factors limiting crop production and food quality globally, especially in the arid and semi-arid areas of the world. Wheat is the staple food for more than 35% of world population and wheat cultivation is mainly restricted to such zones with scarcity of water, so wheat anti-drought physiology study is of importance to wheat production, food safety and quality and biotechnological breeding for the sake of coping with abiotic and biotic conditions. The current study is to investigate changes of anti-oxidative physiological indices of 10 wheat genotypes at tillering stage. The main results and conclusion of tillering stage in terms of activities of POD, SOD, CAT and MDA content as followed: (1) 10 wheat genotypes can be generally grouped into three kinds (A-C, respectively) according to their changing trend of the measured indices; (2) A group performed better drought resistance under the condition of treatment level 1 (appropriate level), whose activities of anti-oxidative enzymes (POD, SOD, CAT) were higher and MDA lower; (3) B group exhibited stronger anti-drought under treatment level 2 (light-stress level), whose activities of anti-oxidative enzymes were higher and MDA lower; (4) C group expressed anti-drought to some extent under treatment level 3 (serious-stress), whose activities of anti-oxidative enzymes were stronger, MDA lower; (5) these results demonstrated that different wheat genotypes have different physiological mechanisms to adapt themselves to changing drought stress, whose molecular basis is discrete gene expression profiling (transcriptom). The study in this respect is the key to wheat anti-drought and biological-saving water in worldwide arid and semi-arid areas; (6) POD, SOD, and CAT activities and MDA content of different wheat genotypes had quite different changing trend at different stages and under different soil water stress conditions, which was linked with their origin of cultivation and individual soil water threshold, which will provide better reference to selecting proper plant species for eco-environmental construction and crops for sustainable agriculture in arid and semi-arid areas.


Assuntos
Antioxidantes/fisiologia , Desidratação/metabolismo , Triticum/genética , Triticum/metabolismo , Peroxidase/fisiologia , Solo , Triticum/enzimologia
19.
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces ; 55(1): 1-9, 2007 Mar 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17140774

RESUMO

As shortage in water resources is a fact, bio-watersaving becomes one hot topic at present. The concept of bio-watersaving has been developed from agronomic watersaving to physiological watersaving then to gene watersaving. The definition of bio-watersaving is yielding more agricultural productions under the same water condition by exploiting the physiological and genetic potential of organisms themselves. There are two aspects in bio-watersaving: one is managing crop system and watersaving irrigation according to the drought characteristics and physiological water need of plants; the second is breeding new varieties with good drought resistance and high water use efficiency (WUE) and high yield and good quality traits, through exploiting new drought resistance genes and high WUE genes with the aid of biotechnology. Gene watersaving is the base for physiological watersaving, so gene watersaving has the biggest potential to be exploited in future, and will play an important role in high use efficiency of water and soil resources, and agricultural sustainable development in China and the globe.


Assuntos
Adaptação Biológica/genética , Agricultura/métodos , Conservação dos Recursos Naturais/métodos , Produtos Agrícolas/genética , Produtos Agrícolas/metabolismo , Água/metabolismo , Produtos Agrícolas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Desidratação/genética , Solo
20.
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces ; 55(2): 251-5, 2007 Apr 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17240122

RESUMO

The First International Conference on the Theory and Practices in Bio-water-saving (ICTPB) was held from May 21 to 25, 2006 in Beijing, China. This indicated that the work related to this hot topic on the globe has been paid more attention to. Most progress in this field has been presented from near 300 participating people worldwide, who were meeting together to discuss about the theory and practices of water-saving biology and how to serve global agricultural and ecological sustainable development. The work related to bio-water-saving has been involved in different scales and soil-plant root biointerfaces. On the basis of this background and in combination with the work from our laboratory and the center, we provided some ideas for global bio-water-saving in this paper, sharing the achievement in this field and advocating true bio-water-saving for the world and promoting the pace of global bio-water-saving.


Assuntos
Conservação dos Recursos Naturais/métodos , Abastecimento de Água , Animais , Produtos Agrícolas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Ecossistema , Humanos , Solo , Movimentos da Água
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