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SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Genome-wide association studies have identified nearly 20 IgA nephropathy susceptibility loci. However, most nonsynonymous coding variants, particularly ones that occur rarely or at a low frequency, have not been well investigated. The authors performed a chip-based association study of IgA nephropathy in 8529 patients with the disorder and 23,224 controls. They identified a rare variant in the gene encoding vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) that was significantly associated with a two-fold increased risk of IgA nephropathy, which was further confirmed by sequencing analysis. They also identified a novel common variant in PKD1L3 that was significantly associated with lower haptoglobin protein levels. This study, which was well-powered to detect low-frequency variants with moderate to large effect sizes, helps expand our understanding of the genetic basis of IgA nephropathy susceptibility. BACKGROUND: Genome-wide association studies have identified nearly 20 susceptibility loci for IgA nephropathy. However, most nonsynonymous coding variants, particularly those occurring rarely or at a low frequency, have not been well investigated. METHODS: We performed a three-stage exome chip-based association study of coding variants in 8529 patients with IgA nephropathy and 23,224 controls, all of Han Chinese ancestry. Sequencing analysis was conducted to investigate rare coding variants that were not covered by the exome chip. We used molecular dynamic simulation to characterize the effects of mutations of VEGFA on the protein's structure and function. We also explored the relationship between the identified variants and the risk of disease progression. RESULTS: We discovered a novel rare nonsynonymous risk variant in VEGFA (odds ratio, 1.97; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.61 to 2.41; P = 3.61×10 -11 ). Further sequencing of VEGFA revealed twice as many carriers of other rare variants in 2148 cases compared with 2732 controls. We also identified a common nonsynonymous risk variant in PKD1L3 (odds ratio, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.11 to 1.21; P = 1.43×10 -11 ), which was associated with lower haptoglobin protein levels. The rare VEGFA mutation could cause a conformational change and increase the binding affinity of VEGFA to its receptors. Furthermore, this variant was associated with the increased risk of kidney disease progression in IgA nephropathy (hazard ratio, 2.99; 95% CI, 1.09 to 8.21; P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Our study identified two novel risk variants for IgA nephropathy in VEGFA and PKD1L3 and helps expand our understanding of the genetic basis of IgA nephropathy susceptibility.
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Estudo de Associação Genômica Ampla , Glomerulonefrite por IGA , Humanos , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/genética , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Glomerulonefrite por IGA/genética , Haptoglobinas/genética , Progressão da Doença , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo ÚnicoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Modeling methods for busulfan-induced oligoasthenozoospermia are controversial. We aimed to systematically review the modeling method of busulfan-induced oligospermia and asthenozoospermia, and analyze changes in various evaluation indicators at different busulfan doses over time. METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Library, PubMed databases, Web of Science, the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, and the Chinese Biomedical Literature Service System until April 9, 2022. Animal experiments of busulfan-induced spermatogenesis dysfunction were included and screened. The model mortality and parameters of the evaluation indicators were subjected to meta-analysis. RESULTS: Twenty-nine animal studies were included (control/model: 669/1829). The mortality of mice increased with busulfan dose. Significant spermatogenesis impairment occurred within 5 weeks, regardless of busulfan dose (10-40 mg/kg). Testicular weight (weighted mean difference [WMD]: - 0.04, 95% CI: - 0.05, - 0.03), testicular index (WMD: - 2.10, 95% CI: - 2.43, - 1.76), and Johnsen score (WMD: - 4.67, 95% CI: - 5.99, - 3.35) were significantly decreased. The pooled sperm counts of the model group were reduced by 32.8 × 106/ml (WMD: - 32.8, 95% CI: - 44.34, - 21.28), and sperm motility decreased by 37% (WMD: - 0.37, 95% CI: - 0.47, - 0.27). Sperm counts decreased slightly (WMD: - 3.03, 95% CI: - 3.42, - 2.64) in an intratesticular injection of low-dose busulfan (4 - 6 mg/kg), and the model almost returned to normal after one seminiferous cycle. CONCLUSION: The model using low-dose busulfan (10 - 20 mg/kg) returned to normal after 10 - 15 weeks. However, in some spermatogenesis cycles, testicular weight reduction and testicular spermatogenic function damage were not proportional to busulfan dose. Sperm counts and motility results in different studies had significant heterogeneity. Standard protocols for sperm assessment in animal models were needed to reduce heterogeneity between studies.
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Astenozoospermia , Oligospermia , Humanos , Camundongos , Masculino , Animais , Oligospermia/induzido quimicamente , Bussulfano/toxicidade , Astenozoospermia/induzido quimicamente , Contagem de Espermatozoides , Motilidade dos Espermatozoides , SêmenRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To determine the types and investigate the distribution and prognosis of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in different parts of the urethra and skin lesions in men. METHODS: Using real-time fluorescence quantitative (RT-qPCR), we determined and analyzed the genotypes of HPV in the urethra and skin lesions of 620 male patients. RESULTS: The results of HPV examination were comparable in the urethra and skin lesions of 53.39% of the patients (331/620) and different in 46.61% (289/620). HPV positive was detected in 36.61% (227/620) in the urethra and 44.84% (278/620) in skin lesions. Various HPV subtypes were identified in both the urethra and skin lesions, mostly of the low-risk type. High-risk types in the urethra included types 16, 52, 18 and 56, and those in the skin lesions included types 16, 51, 52 and 58 types. CONCLUSION: Analysis of HPV infection in different parts and its prognosis helps to predict the risk of morbidity. Attention should be paid to the early detection of high-risk HPV infection in males so as to give positive and effective intervention and take targeted preventive measures for the high-risk population.
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Infecções por Papillomavirus , Humanos , Masculino , Infecções por Papillomavirus/epidemiologia , Uretra , Papillomavirus Humano , Fatores de Risco , Prognóstico , Genótipo , Papillomaviridae/genética , PrevalênciaRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND AIM: This study aimed to clarify health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients with colorectal precancer and colorectal cancer (CRC) in China and to better understand related utility scores. METHODS: A hospital-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in precancer and CRC patients from 2012 to 2014, covering 12 provinces in China. HRQoL was assessed with EuroQol 5-Dimensions 3-Levels. Utility scores were derived using Chinese value set. A multivariate regression model was established to explore potential predictors of utility scores. RESULTS: A total of 376 precancer (mean age 58.7 years, 61.2% men) and 2470 CRC patients (mean age 58.6 years, 57.6% men) were included. In five dimensions, there was a certain percentage of problem reported among precancer (range: 12.0% to 36.7%) and CRC (range: 32.4% to 50.3%) patients, with pain/discomfort being the most serious dimension. Utility scores of precancer and CRC patients were 0.870 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.855-0.886) and 0.751 (95% CI, 0.742-0.759), both of which were lower than those of general Chinese population (0.960 [95% CI, 0.960-0.960]). Utilities for patients at stage I to stage IV were 0.742 (95% CI, 0.715-0.769), 0.722 (95% CI, 0.705-0.740), 0.756 (95% CI, 0.741-0.772), and 0.745 (95% CI, 0.742-0.767), respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that therapeutic regimen, time point of the interview, education, occupation, annual household income, and geographic region were associated with utilities of CRC patients. CONCLUSION: Health-related quality of life of both precancer and CRC patients in China declined considerably. Utility scores differed by sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, and findings of these utilities may facilitate implementation of further cost-utility evaluations.
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Neoplasias Colorretais , Qualidade de Vida , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , China , Neoplasias Colorretais/patologia , Neoplasias Colorretais/psicologia , Neoplasias Colorretais/terapia , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise Multivariada , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Análise de Regressão , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Whether the asymptomatic hyperuricemia (AH) raise the cardiovascular disease risk with or without hyperuricemia-related comorbidities still remains contentious. Our study was aimed to quantitatively access the incidence risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke associated with AH. METHODS AND RESULTS: In this prospective cohort study, multivariate-adjusted Cox regression models were applied to evaluate the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Baseline serum uric acid beyond normouricemia (357 mmol/L) was quarterly stratified based on the distribution of healthy populations without CVD onset. 1062 CVD first-attack cases were collected among the 29,974 study population (age range: 18-91, mean age: 47.2 ± 13.9 years-old) with a mean follow-up duration of 5.78 ± 0.83 years. The AH showed overall non-association with the CVD incident. However, significantly increased adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of CVD with 95% confidence interval (CI) were observed when the fourth quartile compared with normouricemia stratum in the total cohort population (CHD: 1.42, 1.21-1.68; stroke: 1.27, 1.06-1.41), male (CHD: 1.26, 1.12-1.55), female (CHD: 1.34, 1.04-2.02; stroke: 2.06, 1.13-3.77) and aged over 50 years-old population. Meanwhile, the age-standardized incidence rate of CVD in the fourth quartile was 2-3 times higher than the normouricemia population. After excluded 14,464 baseline population with diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension, consistent results were also observed in the AH population in absence of comorbidities (CHD: 1.51, 1.22-2.25; stroke: 1.68, 1.13-2.39). CONCLUSION: Asymptomatic hyperuricemia patients exposed to a higher level of uric acid (>=428 mmol/L) could significantly increase the incidence risk of CHD and stroke, with or without hyperuricemia-related comorbidities.
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Doenças Cardiovasculares , Hiperuricemia , Ácido Úrico , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia , Feminino , Fatores de Risco de Doenças Cardíacas , Humanos , Hiperuricemia/sangue , Hiperuricemia/epidemiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Ácido Úrico/sangue , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Eighteen known susceptibility loci for IgAN account for only a small proportion of IgAN risk. METHODS: Genome-wide meta-analysis was performed in 2628 patients and 11,563 controls of Chinese ancestry, and a replication analysis was conducted in 6879 patients and 9019 controls of Chinese descent and 1039 patients and 1289 controls of European ancestry. The data were used to assess the association of susceptibility loci with clinical phenotypes for IgAN, and to investigate genetic heterogeneity of IgAN susceptibility between the two populations. Imputation-based analysis of the MHC/HLA region extended the scrutiny. RESULTS: Identification of three novel loci (rs6427389 on 1q23.1 [P=8.18×10-9, OR=1.132], rs6942325 on 6p25.3 [P=1.62×10-11, OR=1.165], and rs2240335 on 1p36.13 [P=5.10×10-9, OR=1.114]), implicates FCRL3, DUSP22.IRF4, and PADI4 as susceptibility genes for IgAN. Rs2240335 is associated with the expression level of PADI4, and rs6427389 is in high linkage disequilibrium with rs11264799, which showed a strong expression quantitative trail loci effect on FCRL3. Of the 24 confirmed risk SNPs, six showed significant heterogeneity of genetic effects and DEFA showed clear evidence of allelic heterogeneity between the populations. Imputation-based analysis of the MHC region revealed significant associations at three HLA polymorphisms (HLA allele DPB1*02, AA_DRB1_140_32657458_T, and AA_DQA1_34_32717152) and two SNPs (rs9275464 and rs2295119). CONCLUSIONS: A meta-analysis of GWAS data revealed three novel genetic risk loci for IgAN, and three HLA polymorphisms and two SNPs within the MHC region, and demonstrated the genetic heterogeneity of seven loci out of 24 confirmed risk SNPs. These variants may explain susceptibility differences between Chinese and European populations.
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Povo Asiático/genética , Predisposição Genética para Doença/etnologia , Predisposição Genética para Doença/genética , Glomerulonefrite por IGA/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único/genética , População Branca/genética , Adulto , Estudos de Casos e Controles , China , Feminino , Estudo de Associação Genômica Ampla , Humanos , Fatores Reguladores de Interferon/genética , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Proteína-Arginina Desiminase do Tipo 4/genética , Receptores Imunológicos/genéticaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to confirm whether hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and the levels of liver enzymes would increase the risk of prediabetes and diabetes mellitus (DM) in China. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 10,741 individuals was enrolled in this prospective cohort study. Cox regression analysis was used to calculate the Hazard ratios (HRs) to evaluate the relationships between HBV infection and the risk of DM and prediabetes. Decision trees and dose response analysis were used to explore the effects of liver enzymes levels on DM and prediabetes. RESULTS: In baseline population, HBV infection ratio was 5.31%. In non-adjustment model, the HR of DM in HBV infection group was 1.312 (95% CI, 0.529-3.254). In model adjusted for gender, age and liver cirrhosis, the HR of DM in HBV infection group were 1.188 (95% CI, 0.478-2.951). In model adjusted for gender, age, liver cirrhosis, smoking, drinking, the HR of DM was 1.178 (95% CI, 0.473-2.934). In model further adjusted for education, family income and occupation, the HR of DM was 1.230 (95% CI, 0.493-3.067). With the increases of levels of Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), the risk of prediabetes was gradually increasing (Pnon-linearity<0.05). There were dose-response relationships between ALT, GGT and the risk of DM (Pnon-linearity<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: HBV infection was not associated with the risk of prediabetes and DM. The levels of liver enzymes increased the risk of prediabetes and DM.
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Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiologia , Hepatite B Crônica/epidemiologia , Estado Pré-Diabético/epidemiologia , Adulto , Alanina Transaminase/metabolismo , Aspartato Aminotransferases/metabolismo , China/epidemiologia , Estudos de Coortes , Árvores de Decisões , Feminino , Hepatite B Crônica/metabolismo , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Modelos de Riscos Proporcionais , Estudos Prospectivos , gama-Glutamiltransferase/metabolismoRESUMO
Licorice is one of the most commonly used traditional Chinese medicine. In clinic, raw licorice and honey-fried licorice are used in medicines, with the main effects in clearing away heat and detoxifying, moistening lungs and removing phlegm. Honey-fried licorice has effects in nourishing the spleen and stomach and replenishing Qi and pulse. Because traditional Chinese medicine exerts the effects through multiple components and multiple targets, the index components used in the quality evaluation of licorice are often difficult to reflect their real quality. In addition, most of studies for the quality standards have shown that honey-fried licorice are the same as licorice, with a lack of quality evaluation standards that can demonstrate their processing characteristics. The quality of medicine is directly related to its clinical efficacy, so it is necessary to establish a more effective quality control method. Licorice has a beany smell, which is one of the main quality identification characteristics. In this study, by taking advantage of the odor characteristics, a headspace-gas chromatography-ion migration mass spectrometry technology was used to establish a quality evaluation method. A total of 76 volatile components were identified. Through the dynamic principal component analysis, 7 kinds of volatile substances in raw licorice and 13 kinds of volatile substances in honey-fried licorice were statistically obtained, and could be taken as index components for the quality evaluation of raw and honey-fried licorice, respectively. This study could help realize the combination and unification of modern detection and traditional quality evaluation methods, and make a more realistic evaluation for the quality of licorice.
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Glycyrrhiza , Mel/análise , Compostos Orgânicos Voláteis/análise , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas , Espectrometria de Mobilidade IônicaRESUMO
In order to effectively solve the over-processing problem of Platycladi Cacumen Carbonisata, which was commonly used as a hemostatic drug in clinical application, we used the quantitative analysis method of multi-components by single marker(QAMS) in this study, with quercetin as internal reference to simultaneously determine the content of six flavonoids which can be used to control the internal quality of Platycladi Cacumen Carbonisata. Based on the comparison of QAMS and external standard method(ESM) results, the limit standards of contents were established as follows: isoquercitroside ≥0.002 0%, quercitroside ≥0.050%, quercetin ≥0.030%, kaempferol and amentoflavone both ≥0.010%, hinokiflavone ≥0.050%. Based on the color detection of Platycladi Cacumen and Platycladi Cacumen Carbonisata with different processing degrees, the law of influence of different processing degrees on the color of Platycladi Cacumen Carbonisata was found. A new external quality standard of Platycladi Cacumen Carbonisata was established by fitting curve of color recognition for the external quality control, based on which the standard ranges of ΔL~*, Δb~* and ΔE were-50.00--44.00, 6.00-11.00 and 45.00-50.00 respectively. Effective combination of established internal and external quality control standards by this study can be used to evaluate the processing degree and quality of Platycladi Cacumen Carbonisata more comprehensively and objectively, which can guarantee its clinical efficacy. At the same time, this study also provides reference and basis for further improving the quality control standard of Platycladi Cacumen Carbonisata.
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Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas , Hemostáticos , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Flavonoides , Controle de QualidadeRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Some studies found out that TC/HDL-C ratio is a predictor of Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and Nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) is related to CVD. And some researches have already studied that Apolipoprotein B to Apolipoprotein A1 ratio (ApoB/ApoA1) and Triglyceride to High-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL-C) were both related with CVD and NAFLD, but few studied the association between TC/HDL-C ratio and NAFLD. So, we suspected the ratio was also related to NAFLD. The research aims to study the predictive value of TC/HDL-C to NAFLD and to help the early detection of NAFLD. METHODS: Based on the Jinchang Cohort, the study contained 32,121 participants. We assessed the incidence of NAFLD by the quartiles of TC, HDL-C and TC/HDL-C. Then, the does-response relationship between these indicators and the risk of NAFLD was obtained. Finally, the receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC) was applied to decide the predictive value of TC/HDL-C. RESULTS: Among the study participants, the cumulative incidence of NAFLD was 6.30% and the rate of dyslipidemia was 40.37%. The biochemical indicators of NAFLD had a difference with general population. The incidence of NAFLD raised with the quartiles of TC, TG and LDL-C raising, while decreased with the HDL-C' quartiles raising. After controlling confounding factors, TC and TC/HD-C had a positive relationship with NAFLD, while HDL-C had the opposite. Finally, the ROC analysis showed the area under the curve (AUC) of TC/HDL-C (0.645) was greater than TC (0.554), HDL-C (0.627) and Apolipoprotein B to Apolipoprotein A1 (ApoB/ApoA1) (0.613). CONCLUSIONS: The TC/HDL-C ratio has significant predictive value to NAFLD.
Assuntos
HDL-Colesterol/sangue , Colesterol/sangue , Dislipidemias/diagnóstico , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/diagnóstico , Adulto , Apolipoproteína A-I/sangue , Apolipoproteína B-100/sangue , Área Sob a Curva , Biomarcadores/sangue , LDL-Colesterol/sangue , Estudos de Coortes , Dislipidemias/sangue , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/sangue , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Prognóstico , Curva ROC , Risco , Triglicerídeos/sangueRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Our previous genome-wide association study of IgA nephropathy (IgAN) in a Chinese Han population suggested that the TNFSF13 gene may be a novel susceptibility gene for IgAN. In the present study, we aimed to further evaluate the associations of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and expression level of the TNFSF13 gene with the risk and clinical parameters of IgAN. METHODS: Six candidate SNPs were selected for genotyping by Sequenom MassARRAY iPLEX in 1000 IgAN cases and 1000 controls. Unconditional logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) with adjustment for age and sex. Serum APRIL (encoded by the TNFSF13 gene) level was detected by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: We found that rs3803800 was significantly associated with the susceptibility of IgAN after Bonferroni correction [padditive = 0.0009, OR (95% CI) = 1.25 (1.09-1.42); precessive = 0.0006, OR (95% CI) = 1.54 (1.20-1.96)]; however, the association remained only in women after further sex-stratified analysis. Genotype-phenotype correlation analysis showed significant associations of rs3803800 with severe clinicopathological manifestations in IgAN patients after adjusting for age and sex, as well as the other two SNPs (rs4246413 and rs4968210) that were also associated with specific clinical phenotypes. Compared with healthy controls, serum APRIL levels were significantly higher in IgAN patients (p = 0.0001) and associated with severity of disease. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the present study indicate that the genetic variations and gene expression level of TNFSF13 are associated with the susceptibility and severity of IgAN in a Han Chinese population.
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Glomerulonefrite por IGA/genética , Membro 13 da Superfamília de Ligantes de Fatores de Necrose Tumoral/genética , Estudos de Casos e Controles , China , Feminino , Estudos de Associação Genética , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Glomerulonefrite por IGA/fisiopatologia , Humanos , Masculino , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Fatores SexuaisRESUMO
The aim of the study was to explore the association between serum uric acid (SUA) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in premenopausal and postmenopausal women in the Jinchang Cohort. We studied 3808 female Jinchuan Nonferrous Metals Corporation workers aged 40-60 years. Cohort data from epidemiological surveys and medical exams were used. MetS was defined using the 2009 Joint Interim Society criteria. The relationship between SUA and MetS was evaluated using multiple logistic regression after adjusting for potential confounders. MetS and hyperuricemia were more prevalent in postmenopausal women than premenopausal ones (35.3% versus 15.2% and 9.2% versus 4.2%, respectively). Premenopausal and postmenopausal women with hyperuricemia had 2.81 (95% CI: 1.72-4.61) and 2.10 (95% CI: 1.44-3.08), respectively, times the odds of having MetS than their counterparts without hyperuricemia. Even within normal SUA quartiles, only premenopausal women in the highest and second-highest quartile had 3.57 (95% CI: 2.24-5.68) and 2.78 (95% CI: 1.71-4.50), respectively, times the odds of having MetS than those in the lowest quartile. Even in the normal range, the odds ratios for MetS increased gradually according to SUA levels in all women (Ptrend < 0.001). In conclusion, there was a significant correlation between SUA levels and MetS, and the association was stronger in premenopausal women than postmenopausal ones.
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Síndrome Metabólica/sangue , Pós-Menopausa/sangue , Pré-Menopausa/sangue , Ácido Úrico/sangue , Adulto , China/epidemiologia , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Humanos , Síndrome Metabólica/epidemiologia , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To study the audiological and otological status of cleft palate infants with the application of distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE), auditory brainstem response (ABR), tympanometry with 1000 Hz and 226 Hz probe tones. METHODS: Totally 45 cleft palate infants aged 8-24 months were included in the study. Most of them were examined for DPOAE, ABR and two frequency tympanometry. RESULTS: Most infants failed the three tests,among whom 6.7% ears passed DPOAE and 33.3% of ears had normal ABR hearing threshold. In addition, 8.9% of ears turned out normal in the 1000 Hz probe-tone tympanometry, and 13.3% were type A in the 226 Hz probe-tone tympanometry. Finally, 1000 Hz tympanometry had more agreement with DPOAE and latency of ABR wave I than 226 Hz tympanometry. CONCLUSION: Most cleft palate infants have audiological and otological problems, which should be evaluated in a more comprehensive manner.
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Testes de Impedância Acústica , Fissura Palatina/fisiopatologia , Potenciais Evocados Auditivos do Tronco Encefálico , Emissões Otoacústicas Espontâneas , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Triagem NeonatalRESUMO
BACKGROUND: We aimed to investigate the disruptions of functional connectivity of amygdala-based networks in adolescents with untreated generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 26 adolescents with first-episode GAD and 20 normal age-matched volunteers underwent resting-state and T1 functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We analyzed the correlation of fMRI signal fluctuation between the amygdala and other brain regions. The variation of amygdala-based functional connectivity and its correlation with anxiety severity were investigated. RESULTS: Decreased functional connectivity was found between the left amygdala and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. An increased right amygdala functional connectivity with right posterior and anterior lobes of the cerebellum, insula, superior temporal gyrus, putamen, and right amygdala were found in our study. Negative correlations between GAD scores and functional connectivity of the right amygdala with the cerebellum were also observed in the GAD adolescents. CONCLUSIONS: Adolescents with GAD have abnormalities in brain regions associated with the emotional processing pathways.
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Tonsila do Cerebelo/fisiologia , Transtornos de Ansiedade/patologia , Rede Nervosa/anormalidades , Córtex Pré-Frontal/fisiologia , Adolescente , China , Emoções/fisiologia , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
The main problems and solutions of mineral drugs in clinical use were studied based on the investigation on the quality of Haematitum and Fluoritum pieces in venalicium. The outward appearance and intrinsic quality of Haematitum and Fluoritum pieces in venalicium were studied by the requires which were in the first part of Chinese Pharmacopoeia published in 2010. The outward appearance and intrinsic quality of mineral drugs had large differences, the disqualification rate was 41.67% in 12 batches of Haematitum pieces and the disqualification rate was 53.85% in 13 batches of Fluoritum pieces. The crushing granularity of mineral drugs should be defined, the quality standards should be further improved. The drug adiministration ought to strengthen inspection and supervision in order to ensure the stability and reliability of the clinical efficacy.
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Medicina Tradicional Chinesa/normas , Minerais/normas , Controle de QualidadeRESUMO
A H2O2-mediated hydrothermal method was developed for the fabrication of hydrophilic Ta2O5/graphene composite. The composite shows a superior H2 productivity, up to 30 mmol g(-1) h(-1) when used as a photocatalyst for water splitting, corresponding to an apparent quantum efficiency of 33.8% at 254 nm. This superior performance is due to the hydrophilic nature of the composite and more importantly due to the ultrafine Ta2O5 nanoparticles (about 4.0 ± 1.5 nm) which are covalently bonded with the conductive graphene. The hydrophilic property of the composite is attributed to the use of H2O2 in the hydrothermal process. The ultrafine size of the Ta2O5 particles which are covalently bonded with the graphene sheets is attributed to the use of sonication in the synthesis process. Furthermore, the hydrophilic Ta2O5/Gr composite is durable, which is beneficial to long term photocatalysis. The strategy reported here provides a new approach to designing photocatalysts with superior performance for H2 production.
RESUMO
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in 25 surface sediments in three cities (Nantong, Wuxi, and Suzhou) in the Yangtze River Delta, eastern China were measured. The mean concentrations were 378, 45.8, 1.98, 4,002 ng/g for PBDEs, OCPs, PCBs, and PAHs, respectively. Their levels in the sediments in the three cities were generally consistent with the city industrialization. PBDEs and OCPs were markedly dominated by deca-BDE (>90 %) and DDTs (>70 %). A principle component analysis of the analytes identified three major factors suggesting different sources of the contaminants in the sediments. PBDEs and the organic carbon in the sediments have common sources from industrial activities; whereas OCPs and PCBs, correlated with the second factor, were mainly from historical sources. The third factor with loadings of PAHs is indicative of various combustion sources. Ecological risk assessment indicated that the potential highest risk is from DDTs, for which 22 sites exceed the effects range low (ERL) values and three sites exceed the effects range median (ERM) value.
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Sedimentos Geológicos/química , Éteres Difenil Halogenados/análise , Praguicidas/análise , Bifenilos Policlorados/análise , Hidrocarbonetos Policíclicos Aromáticos/análise , Poluentes Químicos da Água/análise , China , Cidades , Ecologia , Monitoramento Ambiental , Hidrocarbonetos Clorados/análise , Rios/químicaRESUMO
The synaptonemal complex (SC) is a super protein lattice that connects paired homologous chromosomes in most meiotic systems. This special organization is related to the meiosis processes such as homologous chromosomes pairing, synapsis, recombination, segregation, etc. Flaws of it would lead the meiocytes to apoptosis, which contributes to sterility. In recent years, the study of this complex has been a hotspot in meiosis research, but little was known about its exact mechanism. This review summarized the organization, function, and genetics of this complex with recent advances. Prospects of its further study were also briefly discussed..
Assuntos
Complexo Sinaptonêmico/fisiologia , Animais , Apoptose , Humanos , Meiose , Recombinação Genética , Complexo Sinaptonêmico/genéticaRESUMO
Activation of the alternative pathway (AP) of complement is thought to play an important role in Immunoglobin A nephropathy (IgAN). Our previous study showed that rs4151657 within the complement factor B (CFB) gene increased the risk of IgAN. The protein encoded by the CFB gene is an initial factor that promotes AP activation. The aim of this study was to investigate whether other variants of CFB confer susceptibility to IgAN and elucidate their potential roles in AP activation. A total of 1,350 patients with IgAN and 1,420 healthy controls were enrolled and five tag single-nucleotide polymorphisms were selected for genotyping. The levels of key AP components, such as CFB, complement factor H and complement split product C3a, were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation were carried out to characterize the mutation of residues in the protein structure and the dynamic properties of wide type and mutation models of CFB protein. The allele-specific effect on CFB expression and its binding affinity to C3b were investigated through cell transfection and surface plasmon resonance analysis, respectively. We found that rs12614 significantly reduced the risk of IgAN (OR = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.52-0.91, P = 0.009), and the rs12614-T (R32W mutation) was correlated with lower CFB levels, higher serum C3 level, and less mesangial C3 deposition in patients with IgAN. The structural model showed that the R32W mutation reduced the structural stability of CFB protein. Furthermore, in vitro study revealed that rs12614-T decreased the expression of CFB and reduced its binding affinity to C3b by four-fold compared with rs12614-C. In conclusion, the rs12614-T in CFB was associated with low risk of IgAN probably by attenuating AP activation.
Assuntos
Fator B do Complemento , Glomerulonefrite por IGA , Humanos , Fator B do Complemento/genética , Glomerulonefrite por IGA/metabolismo , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Povo Asiático/genética , Proteínas , ChinaRESUMO
The purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate the test accuracy of reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) and reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) for the diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We comprehensively searched PUBMED, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, and the Chinese Biomedical Literature Service System until September 1, 2021. We included clinical studies assessing the sensitivity and specificity of RT-PCR and RT-LAMP using respiratory samples. Thirty-three studies were included with 9360 suspected cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The RT-PCR or other comprehensive diagnostic method was defined as the reference method. The results showed that the overall pooled sensitivity of RT-PCR and RT-LAMP was 0.96 (95 % CI, 0.93-0.98) and 0.92 (95 % CI, 0.85-0.96), respectively. RT-PCR and RT-LAMP had a 0.06 (95 % CI, 0.04-0.08) and 0.12 (95 % CI, 0.06-0.16) false-negative rates (FNR), respectively. Moreover, subgroup analysis showed mixed sampling and multiple target gene diagnosis methods had better diagnostic value than single-site sampling and a single target gene. The sensitivity and FNR were also significantly affected by the reference method. Comparing RT-LAMP with established suboptimal RT-PCR may exaggerate the performance of RT-LAMP. RT-PCR and RT-LAMP showed high values in the diagnosis of COVID-19, but there was still a FNR of about 6%-12%.