Living with chronic pediatric liver disease: the parents' experience.

Parents' perceptions of living with a child with serious, chronic liver disease were explored using a qualitative methodology. Six central themes emerged from interview transcriptions: beginning, sense of inadequacy and guilt, pain and stress, lack of control, taking control, developing a personal philosophy, and uncertainty and fear of the future.

[Changes in the mitotic activity of the corneal epithelium of white rats following coolong of the animals at different times of the day]. / Izmenenie mitoticheskoi aktivnosti épiteliia rogovitsy belykh krys pri okhlazhdenii zhivotnykh v razlichnoe vremia sutok

A study was made of the influence of moderate hypothermia on the mitotic activity of albino rat corneal epithelium. The animals were cooled by the contact method for one hour to 28 degrees C; such procedure was conducted at 6 a.m., at noon, and at 6 p.m.; the epithelial reaction to cooling proved to depend on the time, the greatest suppression of mitotic activity (14-fold) occurring at daytime 3 hours after the cooling. A tendency to normalization of cell division was observed 6 and 12 hours after the cooling. The number of mitoses decreased 3 hours after the evening cooling, no changes in the mitotic activity in 3 and 6 hours after the morning cooling; cell division was found to be suppressed in 12 hours.

[Effect of some stressors on the mitotic regimen of the corneal epithelium and on the level of aneuploid bone marrow cells of adrenalectomized albino rats]. / Vliianie nekotorykh stressorov na mitoticheskii rezhim epiteliia rogovitsy i uroven' aneuploidnykh kletok kostnogo mozga adrenalektomiro-vannykh belykh krys.

It has been shown that pyrogenal administration or one-hour hyporthermia at 28--30 degrees C did not induce development of reactive inhibition in adrenalectomized rats but produced a significant increase in the level of pathological mitoses in the cornea of intact (from 4.3% to 6.3%) and adrenalectomized (from 10.6% to 12.5%) rats subjected to stress. The karyotypic analysis of the bone marrow cells under such conditions showed a significant rise in the number of aneuploid (hupo- and hyperdiploid) cells.

[Effect of repeated cooling on the state of the adrenals and corneal epithelial proliferation in white rats]. / Vliianie mnogokratnogo okhlazhdeniia na sostoianie nadpochechnikov i proliferatsiiu épiteliia reogovitsy belykh krys.

The effect of repeated cooling on the adrenal glands, on the mitosis and the number of DNA-synthesising cells in the corneal epithelium of albino rats was studied. The animals were cooled by the contact method to 28 degrees C and were exposed to this temperature for an hour daily within 5 days. Strong activation of the suprarenal glands was observed: 2-fold increase in the suprarenal weight, 3-fold decrease in cholesterol content, 4-fold growth of 11-hydroxy-corticosteroid level in the blood and enhanced adrenaline excretion. The average number of mitoses in the corneal decreases 2-fold. Depression was not associated with the change in mitosis rate but with the inhibition of the cell entrance into mitosis in interphase. The level of pathological mitoses did not change. Chronic stress was not accompanied by the change in the number of DNA-synthesising cells or intensity of DNA-symthesis.