Bilateral poorly differentiated Sertoli-Leydig ovarian tumor associated with dysgerminoma: case report.

Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors are rare stromal tumors of the ovary. They account for less than 0.5% of ovarian neoplasms. From a histological point of view, they show large diversity, making their clinical symptoms diverse as well. They are mostly unilateral, with average diameter 13.5 cm at the moment of diagnosis. Histologically, poorly-differentiated Sertoli-Leydig tumors pose a diagnostic problem, often being clinically asymptomatic which makes their detection relatively late, preventing efficient treatment, and resulting in worse prognosis. This article presents a rare case of bilateral poorly-differentiated Sertoli-Leydig ovarian tumor, characterized by heterologous histological structure, without hormonal unbalance, and without signs of defeminization and/or virilization, its diagnostics, and treatment.

Amelanotic malignant melanoma of the perineum: a case report.

The case of a patient diagnosed and surgically treated for amelanotic malignant melanoma of the perineum, accompanied by several local relapses, metastases to iliac-femoral lymph nodes, and distant metastases to both lungs is presented. Survival, up to date, equals 12 years. Amelanotic malignant melanomas are very rare tumors. Perineal and perianal localization of these tumors is especially rare. References cite about 500 cases with survival limited to between six months and one year after diagnosis..

Threatened miscarriage in the first trimester and retrochorial hematomas: sonographic evaluation and significance.

BACKGROUND: Vaginal bleeding during the first half of pregnancy occurs in approximately 25% of women and about half of these pregnancies terminate in abortion. In many instances a retrochorial hematoma (RCH) is sonographically found. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to determine the frequency of a RCH in the group of threatened miscarriages and to examine the possible relationship of parity, previous miscarriages, hematoma size and localization, and duration of vaginal bleeding to pregnancy outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study group consisted of 45 women of 852 (5.2 %) referred for ultrasound examination due to vaginal bleeding in the first trimester of pregnancy, who were found to have a RCH in the presence of a singleton live embryo. The control group consisted of 807 women with the same gestational age, with vaginal bleeding, and vital singleton pregnancy without sonographically proven RCH. All were followed with repeated sonograms at seven days intervals until bleeding ceased, the RCH disappeared or abortion occurred. The authors have examined the possible relationship of duration of vaginal bleeding, hematoma size and localization, parity, and previous miscarriages to pregnancy outcome (spontaneous abortion, term or preterm delivery). RESULTS: The researches have shown that the previous miscarriages and deliveries do not affect the occurrence of RCH. In the group with a RCH on the back wall of uterus, as well as repeated bleedings affect higher frequency of spontaneous miscarriages. Hematoma size itself does not affect higher frequency of spontaneous miscarriage. CONCLUSION: Ultrasound is the method of choice for diagnosing the existence of aRCH. The frequency of RCH in the group of threatened spontaneous miscarriages is 5.2 %. A RCH on the back wall and repeated bleedings affect higher frequency of spontaneous miscarriages. Therapy procedure is based on strict bed rest and administration of: pregnyl, gestagenic drugs, progesterone, antihistamines, and sedatives.

Defect of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase in a patient with ten habitual misscarriages: a case report.

This is a case report of a 47-year-old patient that came to our Clinic due to bleeding during the 23rd week of twin pregnancy after in vitro fertilization-intracervical insemination/embryo transfer (IVF-ICI/ET) treatment. Prior to this pregnancy, this patient had had ten spontaneous miscarriages, eight of which following IVF-ICI/ET, and two following spontaneous conception, all in the eighth week of pregnancy. After several miscarriages by the age of 43, the patient was suggested to be tested for thrombophilia; it was then discovered that she had the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene defect, in the homozygous Tobiano (TT) form. Thus she was treated with cardiolipin and folic acid before pregnancy, and continued with folic acid after the pregnancy had been diagnosed. Fraxiparine 0.4 ml subcutaneous (s.c.) should be introduced from the second month of pregnancy until one day before delivery. It is a useful treatment for the patients with MTHFR defect, as it prevents miscarriage and promotes successful pregnancy.

Optimal dose of an anesthetic in epidural anesthesia and its effect on labor duration and administration of vacuum extractor and forceps.

This study examined the factors that influence the optimal dose of epidural anesthesia (EA), its effect on labor duration, and the frequency of vacuum and forceps administration at the end of delivery. The study group included 100 women who underwent vaginal delivery with EA with administration of 0.125% bupivacaine. A control group included 100 vaginally delivered women, without EA administration. In both groups delivery was stimulated by syntocinon. The level of labor pain influenced the optimal bolus dose of EA more than the body mass. However, the maintenance dose was influenced by both of these factors equally. Labor in the study group was somewhat shorter. In the group with EA the percentage of forceps and vacuum extractor application was twice that in the control group. There was no difference in average value of 5-minute Apgar scor in newborns.

Serous ovarian cystadenocarcinoma incidentally discovered in a 29-year-old patient: case report.

This is a review of a case of Stage I A serous ovarian cystadenocarcinoma in a 29-year-old patient. The patient had no symptoms of illness. She underwent a surgical intervention because of cysts in both of her ovaries. By histopathological examination of the tissue sample taken during the surgical intervention, it was discovered that the patient suffered from a serous cystadenocarcinoma in her left ovary. Five years after the surgical intervention there have been no symptoms of relapse.