Application of Gellan Gum-Based Scaffold for Regenerative Medicine.

Gellan gum (GG) is a linear microbial exopolysaccharide which is derived naturally by the fermentation process of Pseudomonas elodea. Application of GG in tissue engineering and regeneration medicine (TERM) is already over 10 years and has shown great potential. Although this biomaterial has many advantages such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, nontoxic in nature, and physical stability in the presence of cations, a variety of modification methods have been suggested due to some disadvantages such as mechanical properties, high gelation temperature, and lack of attachment sites. In this review, the application of GG-based scaffold for tissue engineering and approaches to improve GG properties are discussed. Furthermore, a recent trend and future perspective of GG-based scaffold are highlighted.

Osteochondral and bone tissue engineering scaffold prepared from Gallus var domesticus derived demineralized bone powder combined with gellan gum for medical application.

Osteochondral (OC) lesions can occur in the knee and ankle. Such lesions induce a fracture in the cartilage protecting the bone joints. Cartilage tissue shows limited self-regeneration ability, hence the tissue is avascular and lack of vascular innervation, while the bone is a unique organ with the capacity to self-repair of small defects. In this present study, we have prepared a scaffold using demineralized bone powder (DBP) extracted from Gallus gallus var domesticus (GD), and Gellan gum (GG) for OC tissue regeneration. They were characterized for their chemical, physical, mechanical and biological properties using different available techniques, in vitro bioactivity was performed in simulated body fluid for 14 days confirming the formation of bone-like apatite. The in vitro biocompatibility was analyzed using chondrocyte cells and osteogenic and chondrogenic marker gene expression using RT-PCR, in vivo experiments performed by implanting scaffold in rabbit and characterized by histology and immunofluorescent stainings. The obtained results indicated that the prepared pores scaffold was biocompatible, and promote OC regeneration and integration of newly formed tissues with the host tissues in a rabbit. The prepared 1% DBP/GG scaffold can be used as a potential and promising alternate material for OC regeneration.