RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Near-infrared imaging (NIRI) has been proposed as an alternative to radiographs and uses nonionizing radiation in the near-infrared spectrum to differentially scatter light off tooth surfaces and generate images allowing interproximal caries detection. The new iTero 5D Element Scanner (Align Technology, Santa Clara, Calif) has integrated NIRI capture and viewing technology but has not been specifically studied in a pediatric population. Therefore, this study aimed to assess clinicians' abilities to detect and characterize caries in pediatric patients using this instrument. METHODS: Bitewing (BW) radiographs and an intraoral scan were captured on 17 pediatric patients (344 surfaces were analyzed). Data were randomized and graded by 5 calibrated clinicians individually with 2 different rounds of grading. RESULTS: The reliability of lesion characterization (ie, grade) among examiners was poor to fair in both systems, whereas the reliability of caries detection was moderate. Both systems had a high specificity and low sensitivity. The reliability of the characterization of the combined dataset was moderate to substantial, whereas, for detection, it was substantial. CONCLUSIONS: When using either BW or NIRI analysis, reliability is relatively poor, and clinicians are more likely to correctly identify a healthy tooth surface when compared with a carious surface. There is a small difference in error rate between BW and NIRI systems that is not likely to be clinically significant. When NIRI and BW data are combined, clinician agreement for both lesion characterization and detection increases significantly.
Assuntos
Suscetibilidade à Cárie Dentária , Cárie Dentária , Humanos , Criança , Radiografia Interproximal/métodos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Transiluminação/métodos , Cárie Dentária/diagnóstico por imagem , Sensibilidade e EspecificidadeRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: The objective of this study was to compare the skeletal and dental changes of patients with a Class II relationship treated with clear aligner mandibular advancement (MA) and Herbst appliances followed by comprehensive orthodontic treatment. METHODS: The participants included 20 patients treated with MA and 20 with the Herbst appliance. Orthodontic records were taken before treatment, after the functional appliance, and completion of phase II treatment. The skeletal and dental changes across the 3-time periods were evaluated using a matched paired t test for each treatment. A 2-sample t test was used to examine the changes across periods between 2 treatment groups (P <0.05). RESULTS: Significant reduction in overjet, overbite, and change in molar relationship were obtained by both appliances with similar skeletal and dental contributions. This was contributed by a forward movement of the mandible and mandibular molars, backward movement of the maxillary molars, and retraction of the maxillary incisors. After phase II treatment, both appliances could maintain the skeletal and dental changes achieved during the advancement phase. Greater change in overbite (2.4 mm vs 1.4 mm), an eruption of maxillary incisors (0.9 mm vs 0.1 mm), and proclination of mandibular incisors were found with the Herbst group (3.9° vs -2.1°). The average total treatment time was similar with the 2 appliances. CONCLUSIONS: Both functional appliances were equally effective in reducing the overjet and overbite and achieving a Class I molar relationship with a similar length of treatment time. The Herbst design lacked control of the mandibular incisor proclination, and clear aligners offered better vertical control and management of the mandibular incisor inclination.
Assuntos
Má Oclusão Classe II de Angle , Avanço Mandibular , Aparelhos Ortodônticos Funcionais , Aparelhos Ortodônticos Removíveis , Sobremordida , Humanos , Sobremordida/terapia , Cefalometria , Resultado do Tratamento , Má Oclusão Classe II de Angle/terapia , MandíbulaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to determine whether prescribed molar intrusion, with or without virtual occlusal bite-blocks (BB), resulted in actual molar intrusion and assisted with anterior open bite (AOB) correction in adult patients treated with Invisalign clear aligners (Align Technology, Santa Clara, Calif). METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted with 36 adult patients with AOB. Subjects were divided into 2 treatment groups: planned molar intrusion (PMI) and no-PMI (No-PMI). PMI was obtained from the tooth movement tables in the ClinCheck software. Patients with PMI were further categorized by the presence or absence of virtual posterior BB (PMI-BB and PMI-No BB, respectively). Treatment success was determined on the basis of positive vertical incisor overlap in posttreatment cephalograms. Treatment changes were assessed using pretreatment and posttreatment cephalometric radiographs (Welch 2-sample t test, 95% confidence interval, P = 0.05). Finally, treatment stability was assessed at least 1-year posttreatment using the Photographic Open Bite Severity Index (POSI). RESULTS: There were 15 patients with No-PMI and 21 without PMI (total n = 36). The mean overbite change was 2.5 ± 1.0 mm for No-PMI and 3.2 ± 1.8 mm for patients with PMI (P = 0.12). All patients had positive vertical incisor overlap in posttreatment cephalograms, indicating 100% treatment success. Open bites were corrected primarily by incisor retroclination and extrusion in both treatment groups. The average measured molar intrusion for the PMI group was 0.71 mm greater than the change for the No-PMI group, but the difference was not statistically significant after controlling for potentially confounding variables (P = 0.074). A total of 14 patients from the original sample were assessed for stability using the POSI analysis. Of those, 12 (85.7%) had a POSI score of 0. CONCLUSIONS: Regardless of whether the molar intrusion was planned or not, the modality of AOB correction with Invisalign clear aligners was primarily incisor extrusion and retroclination. Overall, aligners are an effective appliance for the treatment of adult AOB. Based on our limited sample, treatment stability was similar to that reported for fixed appliances.
RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Orthodontists, surgeons, and patients have taken an interest in using clear aligners in combination with orthognathic surgery. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of tooth movements with clear aligners during presurgical orthodontics using novel 3-dimensional superimposition techniques. METHODS: The study sample consisted of 20 patients who have completed presurgical orthodontics using Invisalign clear aligners. Initial (pretreatment) digital dental models, presurgical digital dental models, and ClinCheck prediction models were obtained. Presurgical models were superimposed onto initial ones using stable anatomic landmarks; ClinCheck models were superimposed onto presurgical models using surface best-fit superimposition. Five hundred forty-five teeth were measured for 3 angular movements (buccolingual torque, mesiodistal tip, and rotation) and 4 linear movements (buccolingual, mesiodistal, vertical, and total scalar displacement). The predicted tooth movement was compared with the achieved amount for each movement and tooth, using both percentage accuracy and numerical difference. RESULTS: Average percentage accuracy (63.4% ± 11.5%) was higher than in previously reported literature. The most accurate tooth movements were buccal torque and mesial displacement compared with lingual torque and distal displacement, particularly for mandibular posterior teeth. Clinically significant inaccuracies were found for the buccal displacement of maxillary second molars, lingual displacement of all molars, intrusion of mandibular second molars, the distal tip of molars, second premolars, and mandibular first premolars, buccal torque of maxillary central and lateral incisors, and lingual torque of premolars and molars. CONCLUSIONS: Superimposition techniques used in this study lay the groundwork for future studies to analyze advanced clear aligner patients. Invisalign is a treatment modality that can be considered for presurgical orthodontics-tooth movements involved in arch leveling and decompensation are highly accurate when comparing the simulated and the clinically achieved movements.
Assuntos
Aparelhos Ortodônticos Removíveis , Técnicas de Movimentação Dentária , Dente Pré-Molar/cirurgia , Humanos , Incisivo , Maxila , Técnicas de Movimentação Dentária/métodosRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To compare vertical and transverse changes in mixed dentition patients treated with the Invisalign First System (IFS) to those treated with a banded hyrax expander with fixed appliances (Hyrax) and control groups, and to assess the efficiency rate of dental arch expansion with IFS. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 80 mixed dentition patients, with 40 in each group (IFS and Hyrax) and 40 controls from the American Association of Orthodontists Foundation Craniofacial Growth Legacy Collection. Skeletal and dental vertical dimension changes and arch width changes between pretreatment (T1) and posttreatment (T2) were evaluated. RESULTS: Age at T1, time interval (T1-T2), sex, and Angle class did not significantly differ among the groups. Mandibular plane angle changes showed a similar reduction for the control and IFS groups, with no changes in the Hyrax group. However, the differences among the three groups did not reach statistical significance (P = .06). The Hyrax group showed significantly greater expansion in maxillary intermolar width compared to the IFS group, 4.4 vs 2.5 mm, respectively. The efficiency of maxillary expansion using IFS ranged from 52.3% to 76.87%. CONCLUSIONS: During the mixed dentition stage, no significant changes occurred in vertical dimensions among the control, Hyrax, and IFS groups. Although there was a trend suggesting a greater reduction in mandibular plane angle in the IFS group compared to the Hyrax group, this may not be clinically significant given the less than 1° difference. IFS can be a viable option for addressing mild arch width deficiencies, with a predictable increase in intermolar width of approximately 2.5 mm.