A study on formalizing the knowledge of data curation activities across different fields.

In recent years, with the trend of open science, there have been many efforts to share research data on the internet. To promote research data sharing, data curation is essential to make the data interpretable and reusable. In research fields such as life sciences, earth sciences, and social sciences, tasks and procedures have been already developed to implement efficient data curation to meet the needs and customs of individual research fields. However, not only data sharing within research fields but also interdisciplinary data sharing is required to promote open science. For this purpose, knowledge of data curation across the research fields is surveyed, analyzed, and organized as an ontology in this paper. As the survey, existing vocabularies and procedures are collected and compared as well as interviews with the data curators in research institutes in different fields are conducted to clarify commonalities and differences in data curation across the research fields. It turned out that the granularity of tasks and procedures that constitute the building blocks of data curation is not formalized. Without a method to overcome this gap, it will be challenging to promote interdisciplinary reuse of research data. Based on the analysis above, the ontology for the data curation process is proposed to describe data curation processes in different fields universally. It is described by OWL and shown as valid and consistent from the logical viewpoint. The ontology successfully represents data curation activities as the processes in the different fields acquired by the interviews. It is also helpful to identify the functions of the systems to support the data curation process. This study contributes to building a knowledge framework for an interdisciplinary understanding of data curation activities in different fields.

Evaluation of Semicircular Canal Function in Relapsing Polychondritis Patients With Dizziness and Sensorineural Hearing Loss Using Video Head Impulse Test.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate semicircular canal function using video head impulse test (vHIT) in relapsing polychondritis (RP) patients presenting with dizziness and sensorineural hearing loss. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case review. SETTING: Tertiary referral center. PATIENTS: Three patients with RP underwent vHIT and hearing tests. INTERVENTION: Diagnostic. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The gain in vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) and the presence of catch-up saccade were examined, and the correlation between semicircular canal dysfunction and hearing loss was investigated. RESULTS: Of the six ears, five exhibited semicircular canal dysfunction. Among these, one ear showed dysfunction in two semicircular canals, while the remaining four ears demonstrated dysfunction in all three semicircular canals. Sensorineural hearing loss, ranging from moderate to profound, was detected by pure-tone audiometry in all six ears. Furthermore, a significant correlation was observed between VOR gain in the horizontal semicircular canal (HSC) and hearing level. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated semicircular canal dysfunction in RP patients presenting with dizziness and hearing loss using vHIT. Moreover, a significant correlation was found between HSC dysfunction and the severity of hearing loss. While inner ear involvement is a key clinical symptom included in the diagnostic criteria for RP, there have been few reports evaluating vestibular dysfunction, and this is the first report on the evaluation of several cases using vHIT. Accurate assessment of vestibular function by vHIT may facilitate early diagnosis and intervention in RP, potentially improving patient outcomes.

Evaluation of Semicircular Canal Function Using Video Head Impulse Test in Patients With Peripheral Vestibular Disorders Without Nystagmus.

Objectives This study aims to evaluate semicircular canal function using video head impulse test (vHIT) in patients with peripheral vestibular disorders without nystagmus. Methods Patients who underwent vHIT were enrolled in this study, and the proportion of abnormal findings on vHIT in patients without nystagmus was investigated. In addition, the results of vestibular testing were investigated in cases in which both vHIT and caloric testing were performed in patients without nystagmus. Results Forty-six patients (23.4%) of 197 patients who had no abnormal findings on the nystagmus tests, including the gaze nystagmus test, positional nystagmus test, and positioning nystagmus test, showed dysfunction in at least one semicircular canal on vHIT. The most frequent diagnosis was vestibular schwannoma (14/46, 30.4%), and cases with bilateral vestibular dysfunction were also included (12/46, 26.1%). A disorganized pattern of catch-up saccade was observed more frequently in patients with subjective symptoms of dizziness/vertigo compared to those without subjective symptoms. Although the sensitivity of vHIT was low compared to caloric testing, vHIT could detect isolated vertical canal dysfunction not detected by caloric testing. Conclusions vHIT is considered to be a useful test for patients without nystagmus, as vHIT could detect abnormalities in approximately one-quarter of patients without nystagmus. vHIT is considered to be one of the first tests to be performed following nystagmus testing, including the gaze nystagmus test, the positional nystagmus test, and the positioning nystagmus test. On the other hand, there are some cases in which vHIT shows no abnormality while caloric testing shows canal paresis. It is necessary to perform vHIT, bearing in mind that there are abnormalities that cannot be detected by vHIT alone.

Medical care provision at the venue of the weightlifting event of the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the medical care provided at the venue of the weightlifting event of the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated athletes who availed of medical services at the venue during the weightlifting event of the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games. In total, 194 athletes participated in the weightlifting competition.Injuries and illnesses were classified into cases handled without physician or cases requiring medical examination by a physician. These were tabulated for each examination location (athlete medical station, field of play [FOP], first-aid station of training floor or warm-up area). Results: Throughout the event, a cumulative total of 132 people used the venue medical services. Nine athletes required medical attention at the athlete medical stations. Of these nine cases, six occurred on the training floor. In the FOP, nine athletes were examined. Two experienced light-headedness, two had knee pain, and the rest had other symptoms. No athletes wanted to undergo medical examination at the athlete medical station. 89 medical procedures were performed in the first-aid station on the training floor, including 52 tapings and 37 ice compressions, and the most frequent body part which needed treatment was the knee, followed by the fingers. At the first-aid station on the match floor, 25 medical procedures were performed, including 17 ice compressions, 5 haemostasis, and 4 tapings. The body parts that most frequently needed treatment were the fingers, knees, and lower legs. Conclusion: Several athletes needed treatment; however, only a few required medical care from a physician.

Nickel-catalyzed thioallylation of alkynes with allyl phenyl sulfides.

Allylic sulfides add to alkynes in the presence of nickel complexes efficiently to afford thio-1,4-dienes regio- and stereoselectively. Functional groups such as alkoxy, siloxy, hydroxy, carboalkoxy, chloro, and cyano groups are tolerated. A mechanism that involves a pi-allyl nickel intermediate is proposed on the basis of isolation of pi-allyl complexes and distribution of products in the reactions of alpha- or gamma-methylated allyl sulfide. [reaction: see text].

A surgical treatment for unstable osteochondritis dissecans lesions of the humeral capitellum in adolescent baseball players.

BACKGROUND: Various methods of surgical treatment for unstable osteochondritis dissecans lesions of the humeral capitellum have shown the potential to lead to osteoarthritis and poor functional results in throwing activities. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the results of surgical treatment with pull-out wiring and bone grafting (as established by Kondo in 1989) in patients with unstable osteochondritis dissecans lesions of the humeral capitellum. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective review. METHODS: Eleven male baseball players (average age, 14.7 years) with unstable osteochondritis dissecans lesions underwent internal fixation with pull-out wiring and bone grafting. Follow-up was an average 57 months. At an average 17 weeks after surgery, bony union of the osteochondritis dissecans lesion was radiographically confirmed and the wires were removed. Throwing was allowed beginning at 6 months after surgery. RESULTS: At follow-up, all patients had obtained pain relief, and all except one had returned to previous throwing levels. Radiographs showed good healing, and minimal degenerative changes were found in only three joints. CONCLUSION: Healing of osteochondritis dissecans lesions of the elbow can be achieved after fragment fixation with pull-out wiring and a bone grafting technique.

[A case of gastric cancer initially presented by bilateral chylothorax].

The patient, a 66-year-old woman, visited our hospital with chief complaints of nocturnal coughing and dyspnea. Chest radiography revealed bilateral pleural effusion, and she was admitted to our hospital to undergo more thorough examination. The bilateral pleural effusion was identified as chyle. In cytodiagnosis, a number of poorly-differentiated adenocarcinoma cells in clumps were detected, and mucus was found in the cell bodies. The case was diagnosed as signet-ring cell carcinoma. Endoscopy of the upper digestive tract was performed for close examination of the primary lesion. As a result, a IIc lesion accompanied with concentrated folds and hypertrophy was found on the anterior wall of the body of the stomach. Biopsy of this site led to a diagnosis of signet-ring cell carcinoma, and these results were consistent with the cytodiagnostic findings of pleural effusion. Because gastric carcinoma associated with bilateral chylothorax is very rare in Japan, we report the results of our study with some discussions based on a review of the literature.

Reactions of a carbamoylstannane with acid chlorides: highly efficient synthesis of alpha-oxo amides.

Treatment of acid chlorides with a carbamoylstannane under mild conditions (mostly rt for a few hours) affords alpha-oxo amides in high yields. Vicinal polycarbonyl compounds are also obtained, although spontaneous decarbonylation occasionally occurs.