Elevated expression of Golgi Transport 1B promotes the progression of cervical cancer by activating NF-κB signaling pathway via interaction with TBK1.

As a preventable disease, cervical cancer (cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma - CESC) remains a tumor with high morbidity and mortality worldwide, underscoring the pressing need for effective treatment strategies. This research identified Golgi transport 1B (GOLT1B) as a critical gene involved in the development of cervical cancer. Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets were investigated to determine the upregulation of GOLT1B in cervical cancer tissue compared to normal tissue. Besides, GOLT1B was found to predict poor prognosis in cervical cancer by utilizing Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA). The functional assay indicated that GOLT1B promoted CESC viability and migration in vitro and in vivo. RNA sequencing results suggested that GOLT1B likely influenced NF-κB pathway. The subsequent western blot and dual luciferase reporter assay revealed the interaction between GOLT1B and TBK1, modulating the NF-κB pathway. More importantly, GOLT1B was also found to regulate immune cells infiltration, suggesting its potential role in tumor microenvironment. In conclusion, GOLT1B promotes CESC progression via interaction with TBK1 and augmentation of NF-κB signaling-mediated cancer-associated inflammation, which provides us a new approach to CESC target therapy.

SORL1 stabilizes ABCB1 to promote cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer.

Ovarian cancer (OC) has the worst prognosis among gynecological malignancies. Cisplatin (CDDP) is one of the most commonly used treatments for OC, but recurrence and metastasis are common due to endogenous or acquired resistance. High expression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters is an important mechanism of resistance to OC chemotherapy, but targeting ABC transporters in OC therapy remains a challenge. The expression of sortilin-related receptor 1 (SORL1; SorLA) in the response of OC to CDDP was determined by analysis of TCGA and GEO public datasets. Immunohistochemistry and western blotting were utilized to evaluate the expression levels of SORL1 in OC tissues and cells that were sensitive or resistant to CDDP treatment. The in vitro effect of SORL1 on OC cisplatin resistance was proven by CCK-8 and cell apoptosis assays. The subcutaneous xenotransplantation model verified the in vivo significance of SORL1 in OC. Finally, the molecular mechanism by which SORL1 regulates OC cisplatin resistance was revealed by coimmunoprecipitation, gene set enrichment analysis and immunofluorescence analysis. This study demonstrated that SORL1 is closely related to CDDP resistance and predicts a poor prognosis in OC. In vivo xenograft experiments showed that SORL1 knockdown significantly enhanced the effect of CDDP on CDDP-resistant OC cells. Mechanistically, silencing of SORL1 inhibits the early endosomal antigen 1 (EEA1) pathway, which impedes the stability of ATP-binding cassette B subfamily member 1 (ABCB1), sensitizing CDDP-resistant OC cells to CDDP. The findings of this study suggest that targeting SORL1 may represent a promising therapeutic approach for overcoming CDDP resistance in OC.

Noninvasive isolation of transcervical trophoblast cells for fetal identification.

OBJECTIVE: To identify trophoblastic cells retrieved from the cervix at a gestational age (GA) of 5-9 weeks by a noninvasive modality in fetuses. METHOD: Transcervical cells (TCCs) were noninvasively extracted by a cytobrush using the Papanicolaou sampling method. TCCs were immunostained with antihuman leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G and anticytokeratin (CK)-7 antibodies to identify trophoblastic cells. Maternal finger blood, gestational sacs, and 20 trophoblastic cells collected by a laser-guided microscopic single-cell capture system were examined and compared by short tandem repeat (STR) genotyping. RESULTS: Forty-nine pregnant women with GA of 5-9 weeks and six nonpregnant healthy women were included in the study. Trophoblastic cells were identified in 37 (75.5%) TCC samples, among which 34 (69.4%) were eligible for STR genotyping analysis. No trophoblastic cells were identified in nonpregnant healthy women. The STR genotyping analyses revealed 24 female and 10 male fetuses. TCC trophoblastic cells exhibited the same STR profiles as gestational sac and maternal blood in all samples, which indicated that the TCC trophoblastic cells originated from fetuses. CONCLUSION: This primary study validated that trophoblastic cells from TCCs at GA 5-9 weeks originated from the fetus. Further studies are needed to verify whether this method can be used for early noninvasive prenatal diagnosis and paternity testing.

Overexpression of ARHGAP30 suppresses growth of cervical cancer cells by downregulating ribosome biogenesis.

We aimed to identify whether Rho GTPase activating proteins (RhoGAPs) were downregulated in cervical cancers and might be targeted to reduce the growth of cervical cancer using the GEO database and immunohistochemical analysis to identified changes in transcription and protein levels. We analyzed their proliferation, clone formation ability, and their growth as subcutaneous tumors in mice. To detect ARHGAP30 localization in cells, immunofluorescence assays were conducted. Mass spectrometry combined with immunoprecipitation experiments were used to identify binding proteins. Protein interactions were validated with co-immunoprecipitation assays. Western-blot and q-PCR were applied to analyze candidate binding proteins that were associated with ribosome biogenesis. Puromycin incorporation assay was used to detect the global protein synthesis rate. We identified that ARHGAP30 was the only downregulated RhoGAP and was related to the survival of cervical cancer patients. Overexpression of ARHGAP30 in cervical cancer cells inhibited cell proliferation and migration. ARHGAP30 immunoprecipitated proteins were enriched in the ribosome biogenesis process. ARHGAP30 was located in the nucleous and interacted with nucleolin (NCL). Overexpression of ARHGAP30 inhibited rRNA synthesis and global protein synthesis. ARHGAP30 overexpression induced the ubiquitination of NCL and decreased its protein level in Hela cells. The function of ARHGAP30 on cervical cancer cell ribosome biogenesis and proliferation was independent of its RhoGAP activity as assessed with a RhoGAP-deficient plasmid of ARHGAP30R55A . Overall, the findings revealed that ARHGAP30 was frequently downregulated and associated with shorter survival of cervical cancer patients. ARHGAP30 may suppress growth of cervical cancer by reducing ribosome biogenesis and protein synthesis through promoting ubiquitination of NCL.

A study on the timing of uterine artery embolization followed by pregnancy excision for cesarean scar pregnancy: a prospective study in China.

BACKGROUND: Cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) remains a sporadic and special form of ectopic pregnancy in which the fertilized ovum is implanted on a previous cesarean scar within 12 weeks. This study aims to evaluate the optimal time interval between uterine artery embolization (UAE) and curettage modalities in order to provide the best clinical outcomes. METHODS: From January 2018 to December 2020, we recruited 61 patients with CSP. They were randomly divided into two groups depending on whether the time interval between UAE and dilatation and curettage (D&C) requires additional hospitalization: 31 patients received prophylactic UAE followed by D&C on the same day (0-12 h; group A) and 30 patients need hospitalization (12-72 h; group B). The clinical characteristics, diagnostic data, and outcomes of the two groups were compared and analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 59 (96.72%) cases had responded well to the first treatment. One patient in each arm undergone retreatment, but none of the 61 patients needed additional hysterectomy. There was no considerable relationship between the two groups with respect to the intraoperative hemorrhage during D&C, serum index (containing ß-hCG, hemoglobin, CRP, and D-dimer) on the first day after D&C, side effects (containing fever and abdominal pain), renal, hepatic, and coagulation function, time of CSP residual mass disappearance, and hospitalization cost. The time of serum ß-hCG resolution after surgery was 41.22 ± 14.97 days in group A and 66.67 ± 36.64 days in group B (P = 0.027), and group A treatment resulted in a shorten hospital stay as compared with group B (4.81 ± 2.74 days vs. 6.80 ± 2.14 days, P <  0.001). However, the average hourly serum ß-hCG decrease rate within 24 h and the leukocytes on the first day after D&C in group B were superior than in group A (P <  0.050). CONCLUSION: For patients with CSP, UAE followed by D&C on the same day (0-12 h) appears to have more advantages in hospitalization and recovery time, while the long time interval (12-72 h) may have a lower risk of inflammation and a more rapid decrease in serum ß-hCG level within 24 h after D&C surgery. The treatment of CSP should be individualized based on the conditions of patients.

Association of snoring and body composition in (peri-post) menopausal women.

BACKGROUND: Little attention has been paid to whether snoring frequency is associated with body composition in menopausal women, particularly in China. This study objected to investigate the association between self-reported snoring and body composition in (peri-post) menopausal Chinese women as well as metabolic indicators. METHODS: This cross-sectional study enrolled 715 participants aged 40-67 years from the Menopause Clinic in the Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital. Participants were categorized into four subgroups stratified by self-reported snoring frequency: never, rarely (< 1 night per week), occasionally (1-2 nights per week), regularly (≥3 nights per week), while body composition was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Besides, blood sample were collected to test the glycolipid indicators. RESULTS: In our sample of investigation, regular snoring (≥3 nights per week) was found to be an independent risk factor for higher fat mass (total, upper limbs, trunk), with the highest risk of 2.4 times for fat mass of trunk after adjusting for metabolic confounders(p = 0.003). Meanwhile, regular snoring was independently associated with higher fat mass (total and each segment) only in menopausal transition (p = 0.023). CONCLUSIONS: We suggested that self-reported regular snoring may be taken as a simple alternative to predict higher fat mass (≥17.11 kg, upper quartile) in menopausal women. Similarly, body composition should be attached to the great importance to those who in menopausal transition in order to help to prevent obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

A long noncoding RNAs signature to improve survival prediction in endometrioid endometrial cancer.

PURPOSE: The dysregulation of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) has been reported to be correlated to carcinogenesis and cancer progression. Endometrial cancer (EC), arising from the endometrium or the inner lining of the uterus, is one of the most common gynecological malignancies. We aim to explore the prognostic value of the lncRNAs in patients with endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC) and to identify the potential lncRNA signature for predicting survival of patients with EEC. METHODS: We performed a genome-wide analysis of the lncRNA expression profiling in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma database (408 EEC) to identify the prognosis related lncRNAs for the EEC. The patients with EEC were randomly divided into a training set (204 for endometrioid) and a testing set (204 for endometrioid). The lncRNA signature was identified in the training set, and then independently validated in the testing set and the complete set (training set plus testing set). RESULTS: We developed a nine-lncRNA signature-based risk score in the patients with EEC. The risk score based on the novel lncRNAs signature was able to separate patients of training set into high-and low-risk groups with significantly different overall survival and progression-free survival. These can also be successfully confirmed in the testing set and complete set. CONCLUSION: A nine-lncRNA expression signature was identified and validated which can predict EEC patient's survival. These findings may have important implications in the understanding of the potential therapeutic methods for patients with EEC.

Prevalence and predictors of sexual function in midlife partnered Chinese women assessed by two simple indicators: Sexual frequency and sexual desire.

AIM: To investigate the prevalence and predictors of sexual frequency, sexual desire in midlife partnered Chinese women. METHODS: Sexual frequency, sexual desire over the past 3 months, menopausal symptoms and other socioeconomic information were assessed for women aged 40-65 years in the Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital. RESULTS: Among 3485 eligible partnered participants, the prevalence of low sexual frequency (less than once per week) and low sexual desire (less than 5 scores) were 72.74% (95% confidence interval (CI) = 71.16%-74.23%) and 71.79% (95% CI = 70.30-73.17%), respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that age (odds ratio (OR) = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.17-1.23), more educated (>15 years) (compared with<10 years, OR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.48-0.82), perimenopause, postmenopause (compared with premenopause, OR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.02-2.15, OR = 2.76, 95% CI = 1.80-4.23), sleep disorder (OR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.02-1.50), unemployment (OR = 2.05, 95% CI = 1.45-2.92) were independently associated with low sexual frequency, while multiple linear regression revealed that age ß = -0.126, 95% CI = -0.139--0.114), unemployment (ß = -0.792, 95% CI = -0.954 to -0.629),chronic diseases (compared with no disease, single disease (ß = -0.200, 95% CI = -0.020 to -0.077, multiple diseases (ß = -0.792, 95% CI = -0.859 to -0.372), body mass index (ß = -0.615, 95% CI = -0.859 to -0.372), postmenopause (ß = -0.915, 95% CI = -1.143 to -0.759) were independent indicators for low sexual desire after adjusting for confounders. CONCLUSION: Low sexual frequency and low sexual desire were quite prevalent in midlife Chinese partnered women. Some factors, such as sleep disorder, obesity are modifiable or can be prevented or treated with safe and effective therapies.

Immune inhibitory receptor LILRB2 is critical for the endometrial cancer progression.

Although leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 2 (LILRB2) is known as an immune inhibitory receptor to suppress the immune system, its function in cancer development remains largely unknown. Herein, we provide the first body of information showing that LILRB2 is highly expressed in the endometrial cancer. More importantly, the expression levels of LILRB2 are inversely correlated with the overall patients' survival. Knockdown of LILRB2 results in a dramatic decrease in the proliferation, colony formation and migration in several endometrial cancer cell lines in vitro. Furthermore, in vivo xenograft experiments reveal a notable reduction of tumor cell growth. Mechanistically, LILRB2 enhances the SHP2/CaMK1/CREB signaling pathways to support the expansion and migration of the endometrial cancer cells. These findings unravel an unexpected role of LILRB2 in solid cancers except for its canonical role in immune surveillance, which may serve as a potential endometrial stem cell marker and may benefit the development of novel strategies for the treatment of endometrial cancers.

The diagnostic value of glycated albumin in gestational diabetes mellitus.

PURPOSE: Our objective was to compare the diagnostic performance of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), GA, and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) for the diagnosis of GDM. METHODS: Women at their late second or early third trimesters seen from October 2011 to April 2012 were studied. GDM was diagnosed based on oral glucose tolerance test results, and GA and HbA1c were measured at the same time. Patients were divided into two groups (with and without GDM), and areas under the receiver-operating characteristic curves (AUCs) were calculated to determine the diagnostic value of FPG, GA, and HbA1c. RESULTS: A total of 698 women were included, of which 232 (33.2%) had GDM. Overall, FPG had the highest AUC for the detection of GDM, and was significantly higher than that of GA (0.692 vs. 0.568, p < 0.001) and HbA1c (0.692 vs. 0.619, p = 0.014). The AUC of FPG was significantly greater than that of GA and HbA1c. At 24-28 weeks' gestation, the AUCs of FPG were significantly greater than those of GA and HbA1c. CONCLUSIONS: These results do not support the use of GA as a screening tool for GDM.

Acceptance and Continuation of Contraceptive Methods Immediate Postabortion.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Providing preabortion contraceptive counseling for the method of contraception may reduce the incidence of repeat abortions. This study aimed to compare the acceptance and continuation rates of intrauterine devices (IUDs), combined oral contraceptives (COCs), and condom use after abortion in women who received preabortion contraceptive counseling. METHODS: Women seeking a first-trimester abortion prospectively received preabortion contraceptive counseling and the choice of method of contraception was based on the counseling and not related to prior methods of birth control. Outcomes included continuation of postabortion contraceptive use and repeat abortions over a 6-month follow-up period. RESULTS: Four hundred and fifty-five women (IUD group: n = 161; COC group: n = 149; condom group: n = 135) completed 6-month follow-up after the abortions. At the sixth month follow-up, patients continued using the IUD, COC, and condoms for contraception were 64.2, 10, and 51.5%, respectively. Higher age, being married, parity ≥1, and previous abortion were factors that were associated with more frequent selection of an IUD, while a higher education level was associated with a more frequent selection of COC and condoms. CONCLUSION: The continued use of COCs after abortion is low even with preabortion contraceptive counseling. The IUD offers reliable birth control with a lower discontinuation rate than COCs or condoms.

Comparison of Nerve-Sparing Radical Hysterectomy and Radical Hysterectomy: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Radical hysterectomy (RH) for the treatment of cervical cancer frequently caused pelvic organ dysfunctions. This study aimed to compare the results of pelvic organ function and recurrence rate after Nerve sparing radical hysterectomy (NSRH) and RH treatment through systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS: PubMed, Web of Science and China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database were searched from inception to 25 February 2015. Studies of cervical cancer which reported radical hysterectomy or nerve sparing radical hysterectomy were included. The quality of included studies was evaluated using the guidelines of Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Statistical analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.3 software (Cochrane Collaboration). RESULTS: A total of 20 studies were finally included. Meta-analysis demonstrated that NSRH was associated with less bladder and anorectal dysfunction than RH. The time to bladder and anorectal function recovery after NSRH was shorter than RH. Patients undergoing NSRH also scored higher than patients undergoing RH at Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI). On the other hand, the local recurrence and overall recurrence rate were similar between NSRH and RH. CONCLUSION: NSRH may be an effective technique for lowering pelvic organ dysfunction and improving the function recovery without increasing the recurrence rate of cervical cancer.

Hypoxic trophoblast HMGB1 induces endothelial cell hyperpermeability via the TRL-4/caveolin-1 pathway.

High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) plays an important role in the pathologic processes of endothelial permeability under oxidative stress. Trophoblast oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia (PE). HMGB1 serum levels are increased in PE. However, the potential roles of HMGB1 in endothelial permeability in PE remain unclear. We assessed the effects of the hypoxic trophoblast on the permeability of the endothelial monolayer. Our results showed that the hypoxic trophoblast displayed higher HMGB1 mRNA, intracellular HMGB1 protein, and HMGB1 in conditioned medium than those of the normoxic trophoblast did. The hypoxic trophoblast conditioned medium increased the endothelial monolayer permeability and increased TLR 4 and caveolin-1 (CAV-1) protein expression in endothelial cells, which was inhibited by glycyrrhizic acid and HMGB1 small interfering RNA transfection to trophoblasts before hypoxia. The increased endothelial permeability induced by hypoxic trophoblast conditioned medium could be inhibited with TLR4 or CAV-1 gene silencing in endothelial cells. Immunoprecipitation showed that CAV-1 and TLR4 are colocalized in HUVECs and C57BL/6 mouse kidney. TLR4 small interfering RNA suppressed CAV-1 protein expression in endothelial cells upon stimulation of hypoxic trophoblast conditioned medium or HMGB1. We conclude that hypoxic trophoblasts play an important role in the mechanism of general edema (including protein urine) in PE via increasing endothelial monolayer permeability through the HMGB1/TLR4/CAV-1 pathway.

Relationship Between Murine Double Minute 2 (MDM2) T309G Polymorphism and Endometrial Cancer Risk: A Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND Endometrial cancer is one of the most common cancers in female patients. Many studies have investigated the association between the MDM2 T309G genotype and endometrial cancer incidence, but the results have been inconclusive. MATERIAL AND METHODS We performed a systematic search in PubMed and Web of Science databases (update until October 21, 2015) for all English-language publications. The associations are indicated as pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS We identified 8 relevant publications (9 case-control studies), including 2188 cases and 4654 controls, that assessed the relationship between MDM2 T309G polymorphism and endometrial cancer risk. There was a significant association between MDM2 T309G polymorphism and endometrial cancer risk in the overall population in the recessive model (OR=1.61; 95% CI: 1.19-2.19; P=0.002). In the subgroup of different ethnic populations, the subgroup analysis showed MDM2 T309G polymorphism was significantly associated with increased endometrial cancer risk in Caucasians (OR=1.75; 95% CI: 1.16-2.63; P=0.007). No similar result was found in Asians. CONCLUSIONS Our meta-analysis provides evidence that MDM2 T309G polymorphism is associated with endometrial cancer, especially in Caucasians.

The impact on ovarian reserve of haemostasis by bipolar coagulation versus suture following surgical stripping of ovarian endometrioma: a meta-analysis.

Concern is increasing that the use of bipolar coagulation or suturing to obtain haemostasis after surgical stripping of ovarian endometrioma could affect ovarian reserve. To compare the ovarian damage associated with the use of bipolar coagulation with ovarian suture as determined by anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), FSH and antral follicle count, 21 studies were identified. Pooled analysis of 312 patients showed the average serum level of AMH was lower in the coagulation group than in the suture group (3-month follow-up: weighted mean difference (WMD) -0.75 ng/ml, 95% confidence interval (CI) -1.82 to 0.31; 6 months: WMD -1.45 ng/ml, 95% CI -2.43 to -0.47; 12 months: WMD -1.01 ng/ml; 95% CI -1.85 to -0.17), although heterogeneity was high. The weighted overall average levels of FSH between the two groups were not statistically significantly different 3 months after surgery (WMD 0.37 mIU/ml; 95% CI -1.56 to 1.30). The mean antral follicle count in the coagulation group was significantly less than in the suture group at 3 months' follow-up (WMD -2.53, with 95% CI -4.94 to -0.12). This study showed bipolar coagulation did more harm to the ovarian reserve than the suture haemostasis during excision of ovarian cyst as shown by a significant postoperative reduction in AMH.

Adoptive transfer of transforming growth factor-?1-induced CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells prevents immune response-mediated spontaneous abortion.

The effects of adoptive transfer of transforming growth factor (TGF)-ß1-induced regulatory T (Treg) cells in preventing spontaneous abortion in mice were investigated. CD4+CD25- cells were isolated from the spleens of pregnant CBA/J mice and induced into Treg cells positive for CD4, CD25 and forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) ex vivo using interleukin (IL)-2 and TGF-ß1. CBA/J mice were mated with DBA/2J mice to establish a model of spontaneous abortion and, on the first day of pregnancy, mice were injected intravenously with 2 × 105 either freshly isolated Treg cells or those induced with TGF-ß1. After 14 days, the surviving and reabsorbed fetuses in both groups were counted, and serum cytokine concentrations were measured by ELISA. Adoptive transfer of CD4+CD25+ or TGF-ß1-induced Treg cells significantly reduced the fetal resorption rate, increased serum IL-10 and TGF-ß1 concentrations and decreased interferon-γ levels. In conclusion, the results of the present study indicate that adoptive transfer of TGF-ß1-induced Treg cells prevents spontaneous abortion in mice by increasing the secretion of T helper (Th) 2 cytokines and decreasing the secretion of Th1 cytokines.

Knowledge and attitude towards menopause and hormone replacement therapy in Chinese women.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the knowledge and prevalence of menopausal symptoms as well as the use and attitude toward hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in Chinese women. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted between May 2011 and April 2012 in Shanghai, China. The structured questionnaire addressing sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge and prevalence of menopausal symptoms, and knowledge and attitude towards HRT and its use were investigated. RESULTS: 3,619 women aged 40-65 years were included in the analysis. The majority of the women had knowledge of menopause. Symptoms were prevalent in 16.1% of premenopausal women and in 49.3% of peri-, post- and surgical-menopausal women. Back and joint pain, sleeplessness, fatigue and sweating/hot flushes were frequently reported. HRT awareness among women was 3.5% and was related to menopausal, working and marital status; 75 (2.1%) women had used or were using HRT, of which 57.3% used HRT with a doctor's prescription and 29.3% experienced side effects from the use of HRT. CONCLUSION: Most Chinese women had knowledge of menopause and thought menopausal symptoms should not be treated. The awareness of HRT was poor and influenced by menopausal, working and marital status. Chinese health care providers have to assume responsibility for educating women about menopause and HRT use.

LRG1 is an independent prognostic factor for endometrial carcinoma.

Endometrial cancer (EC) is one of the most common female malignancies. The patients with high-risk factors may have poor prognosis. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find a new molecule to more accurately predict survival of patients. Leucine-rich-alpha-2-glycoprotein1 (LRG1), one of leucine-rich repeat family, was closely associated with cancer metastasis and poor prognosis. The biological functions and the expression level of LRG1 remain obscure in EC. In this study, by immunohistochemical analysis of 242 EC patient tissues, we found that LRG1 expression was associated with stage and lymphatic metastasis in both test cohort (133 patients) and validation cohort (109 patients). Furthermore, to investigate the prognostic value of LRG1 in endometrial carcinoma, we analyzed the correlation between variables and overall survival with Cox proportional hazard regression. The result showed that LRG1 was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival of endometrial carcinoma patients. To further evaluate the prognostic efficiency of LRG1 in endometrial carcinoma, we compared the sensitivity and specificity of LRG1 in endometrial carcinoma prognosis by logistic regression. The result showed that LRG1 combining with other clinicopathological risk factors was a stronger prognostic model than clinicopathological risk factors alone or their combination. Thus, LRG1 potentially offered clinical value in directing personal treatment for endometrial carcinoma patients.

[Clinical analyses of risk factors related to ectopic pregnancy].

OBJECTIVE: To conduct an epidemiological survey on the relevant risk factors of ectopic pregnancy (EP) and provide scientific rationales for prevention and reducing its incidence. METHODS: During June 2010 to December 2011 at three local hospitals, a total of 800 patients with a diagnosis of EP responded to a questionnaire survey for understanding the risk factors of EP. And another 700 cases of normal early pregnancy women were selected as control group. Both multi and uni-factorial regression analyses were performed for the acquired clinical data. And the high-risk factors of EP were screened. RESULTS: Among them, the age distribution was ≤ 25 years (n = 175, 25.5%), 26-30 years (n = 302, 37.8%) and 31-35 years (n = 213, 26.6%). No contraceptive measure was adopted for 259 women (32.4%). The risk factors related to EP included oral emergency contraceptives, intrauterine device (IUD), pelvic inflammatory disease, infertility history, previous EP, smoking and age, etc. Based upon multivariate Logistic regression analysis of screening results, the decreasing odds rations were infertility, EP history, smoking history, emergency contraceptive use, history of EP, IUD, pelvic inflammatory disease and age. CONCLUSION: The risks of EP are affected by many factors, including infertility, EP history, smoking history, emergency contraceptive use, history of EP, IUD, pelvic inflammatory disease and age.

A fNIRS investigation of menopausal-related symptoms and brain cortical activity in menopause.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to delineate the association between menopausal-related symptoms and brain cortical hemodynamics in peri-postmenopause women. METHODS: Cross-sectional data from a total of 358 Han-Chinese women who visited the Menopause Clinic in the Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital from August 2019 to August 2022. Menopausal-related symptoms were analyzed through Kupperman index (KMI) scale and PSQI scale, while cerebral blood flow was measured using a functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Multiple linear regression model was used to assess the risk factors for subregions of brain hemodynamic response. RESULTS: After adjusting for confounding factors, we identified that menopausal symptom (B = -1.575, 95 % CI (-2.661, -0.488), p = 0.005) and duration of menopause (B = -14.583, 95 % CI (-26.753, -4.192), p = 0.007) were independently associated with the lower brain hemodynamic response in the prefrontal lobe, while in the temporal lobe, overweight (BMI ≥ 24 kg/m2) was negatively associated with the lower brain cortical activity (B = -36.882, 95 % CI (-72.708, -1.056), p = 0.044) after adjusting for other confounding variables. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings proposed that menopausal symptom and overweight should be attached great importance to the postmenopausal women, which provides clinical evidence for the feasible early detection and effective prevention such as menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) of brain health in postmenopausal women.