RESUMO
In our hands, efficient access to the 4-amino-3-carboxamide disubstituted pyridine-2(1H)-one kinase hinge-binder motif proved to be more challenging than anticipated requiring a significant investment in route scouting and optimization. This full paper focuses on the synthesis issues that we encountered during our route exploration and the original solutions we found that helped us to identify two optimized library-style processes to prepare our large kinase inhibitor library.
RESUMO
A series of squaramide-based hydroxamic acids were designed, synthesized and evaluated against human HDAC enzyme. Squaramides were found to be potent in the Hut78 cell line, but initially suffered from low solubility. Leads with improved solubility and metabolic profiles were shown to be class I, IIB and IV selective.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Histona Desacetilase 1/antagonistas & inibidores , Histona Desacetilase 2/antagonistas & inibidores , Inibidores de Histona Desacetilases/farmacologia , Linfoma Cutâneo de Células T/tratamento farmacológico , Quinina/análogos & derivados , Neoplasias Cutâneas/tratamento farmacológico , Antineoplásicos/síntese química , Antineoplásicos/química , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Cristalografia por Raios X , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Ensaios de Seleção de Medicamentos Antitumorais , Histona Desacetilase 1/metabolismo , Histona Desacetilase 2/metabolismo , Inibidores de Histona Desacetilases/síntese química , Inibidores de Histona Desacetilases/química , Humanos , Linfoma Cutâneo de Células T/metabolismo , Linfoma Cutâneo de Células T/patologia , Modelos Moleculares , Estrutura Molecular , Quinina/síntese química , Quinina/química , Quinina/farmacologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologia , Solubilidade , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
Targeting the TNFα pathway is a validated approach to the treatment of psoriasis. In this pathway, TACE stands out as a druggable target and has been the focus of in-house research programs. In this article, we present the discovery of clinical candidate 26a. Starting from hits plagued with poor solubility or genotoxicity, 26a was identified through thorough multiparameter optimisation. Showing robust in vivo activity in an oxazolone-mediated inflammation model, the compound was selected for development. Following a polymorph screen, the hydrochloride salt was selected and the synthesis was efficiently developed to yield the API in 47% overall yield.
Assuntos
Proteína ADAM17/antagonistas & inibidores , Inibidores Enzimáticos/química , Proteína ADAM17/metabolismo , Administração Tópica , Animais , Desenho de Fármacos , Inibidores Enzimáticos/síntese química , Inibidores Enzimáticos/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Humanos , Ácidos Hidroxâmicos/química , Camundongos , Camundongos Pelados , Microssomos Hepáticos/metabolismo , Oxazolona/toxicidade , Psoríase/tratamento farmacológico , Psoríase/patologia , Dermatopatias/induzido quimicamente , Dermatopatias/prevenção & controle , Dermatopatias/veterinária , Solubilidade , Sulfonamidas/síntese química , Sulfonamidas/química , Sulfonamidas/uso terapêutico , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/antagonistas & inibidores , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/metabolismoRESUMO
The key is symmetry! A convergent synthetic approach of the highly cytotoxic natural product (-)-callystatinâ A was developed assembling three fragments through Julia-Kocienski olefination and Stille cross-coupling. The new strategy relies on a pivotal local symmetry of the target molecule. In this preliminary study, particular attention was devoted to facilitate the catalytic enantiocontrol of strategic stereogenic centers present in each of the fragments (see scheme).
Assuntos
Ácidos Graxos Insaturados/química , Alcenos/química , Animais , Callyspongia/química , Ácidos Graxos Insaturados/síntese química , EstereoisomerismoRESUMO
The total synthesis of bistramideâ A and its 36(Z),39(S) and 36(Z),39(R) isomers shows that these compounds have different effects on cell division and apoptosis. The synthesis relies on a novel enol ether-forming reaction for the spiroketal fragment, a kinetic oxa-Michael cyclization reaction for the tetrahydropyran fragment, and an asymmetric crotonylation reaction for the amino acid fragment. Preliminary biological studies show a distinct pattern of influence of each of the three compounds on cell division, differentiation, and apoptosis in HL-60 cells, thus suggesting that these effects are independent activities of the natural product.
Assuntos
Acetamidas/síntese química , Acetamidas/farmacologia , Piranos/síntese química , Piranos/farmacologia , Compostos de Espiro/síntese química , Acetamidas/química , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Divisão Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Ciclização , Células HL-60 , Humanos , Estrutura Molecular , Piranos/química , Compostos de Espiro/química , Compostos de Espiro/farmacologia , EstereoisomerismoRESUMO
Minor structural modifications-sometimes single atom changes-can have a dramatic impact on the properties of compounds. This is illustrated here on structures related to known mTOR inhibitor Sapanisertib. Subtle changes in the hinge binder lead to strikingly different overall profiles with changes in physical properties, metabolism, and kinase selectivity.